TY  - JOUR
A1  - Düking, Peter
A1  - Tafler, Marie
A1  - Wallmann-Sperlich, Birgit
A1  - Sperlich, Billy
A1  - Kleih, Sonja
T1  - Behavior Change Techniques in Wrist-Worn Wearables to Promote Physical Activity: Content Analysis
T2  - JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth
N2  - Background:
Decreasing levels of physical activity (PA) increase the incidences of noncommunicable diseases, obesity, and mortality. To counteract these developments, interventions aiming to increase PA are urgently needed. Mobile health (mHealth) solutions such as wearable sensors (wearables) may assist with an improvement in PA.

Objective:
The aim of this study is to examine which behavior change techniques (BCTs) are incorporated in currently available commercial high-end wearables that target users’ PA behavior.

Methods:
The BCTs incorporated in 5 different high-end wearables (Apple Watch Series 3, Garmin Vívoactive 3, Fitbit Versa, Xiaomi Amazfit Stratos 2, and Polar M600) were assessed by 2 researchers using the BCT Taxonomy version 1 (BCTTv1). Effectiveness of the incorporated BCTs in promoting PA behavior was assessed by a content analysis of the existing literature.

Results:
The most common BCTs were goal setting (behavior), action planning, review behavior goal(s), discrepancy between current behavior and goal, feedback on behavior, self-monitoring of behavior, and biofeedback. Fitbit Versa, Garmin Vívoactive 3, Apple Watch Series 3, Polar M600, and Xiaomi Amazfit Stratos 2 incorporated 17, 16, 12, 11, and 11 BCTs, respectively, which are proven to effectively promote PA.

Conclusions:
Wearables employ different numbers and combinations of BCTs, which might impact their effectiveness in improving PA. To promote PA by employing wearables, we encourage researchers to develop a taxonomy specifically designed to assess BCTs incorporated in wearables. We also encourage manufacturers to customize BCTs based on the targeted populations.
KW  - cardiorespiratory fitness
KW  - innovation
KW  - smartwatch
KW  - technology
KW  - wearable
KW  - eHealth
KW  - mHealth
Y1  - 2020
UR  - https://opus.bibliothek.uni-wuerzburg.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/23055
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-230556
VL  - 8
IS  - 11
ER  -