TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wohlwend, Michael R.
A1  - Craven, Dylan
A1  - Weigelt, Patrick
A1  - Seebens, Hanno
A1  - Winter, Marten
A1  - Kreft, Holger
A1  - Zurell, Damaris
A1  - Sarmento Cabral, Juliano
A1  - Essl, Franz
A1  - van Kleunen, Mark
A1  - Pergl, Jan
A1  - Pyšek, Petr
A1  - Knight, Tiffany M.
T1  - Anthropogenic and environmental drivers shape diversity of naturalized plants across the Pacific
T2  - Diversity and Distributions
N2  - Aim
The Pacific exhibits an exceptional number of naturalized plant species, but the drivers of this high diversity and the associated compositional patterns remain largely unknown. Here, we aim to (a) improve our understanding of introduction and establishment processes and (b) evaluate whether this information is sufficient to create scientific conservation tools, such as watchlists.

Location
Islands in the Pacific Ocean, excluding larger islands such as New Zealand, Japan, the Philippines and Indonesia.

Methods
We combined information from the most up‐to‐date data sources to quantify naturalized plant species richness and turnover across island groups and investigate the effects of anthropogenic, biogeographic and climate drivers on these patterns. In total, we found 2,672 naturalized plant species across 481 islands and 50 island groups, with a total of 11,074 records.

Results
Most naturalized species were restricted to few island groups, and most island groups have a low number of naturalized species. Island groups with few naturalized species were characterized by a set of widespread naturalized species. Several plant families that contributed many naturalized species globally also did so in the Pacific, particularly Fabaceae and Poaceae. However, many families were significantly over‐ or under‐represented in the Pacific naturalized flora compared to other regions of the world. Naturalized species richness increased primarily with increased human activity and island altitude/area, whereas similarity between island groups in temperature along with richness differences was most important for beta diversity.

Main conclusions
The distribution and richness of naturalized species can be explained by a small set of drivers. The Pacific region contains many naturalized plant species also naturalized in other regions in the world, but our results highlight key differences such as a stronger role of anthropogenic drivers in shaping diversity patterns. Our results establish a basis for predicting and preventing future naturalizations in a threatened biodiversity hotspot.
KW  - anthropogenic drivers
KW  - beta diversity
KW  - island biogeography
KW  - naturalized species
KW  - Pacific Ocean
KW  - plant invasion
Y1  - 2021
UR  - https://opus.bibliothek.uni-wuerzburg.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/23992
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-239925
VL  - 27
IS  - 6
SP  - 1120
EP  - 1133
ER  -