TY  - JOUR
A1  - Thomann, Anna Sophie
A1  - Schneider, Theresa
A1  - Cyran, Laura
A1  - Eckert, Ina Nathalie
A1  - Kerstan, Andreas
A1  - Lutz, Manfred B.
T1  - Conversion of Anergic T Cells Into Foxp3\(^-\) IL-10\(^+\) Regulatory T Cells by a Second Antigen Stimulus In Vivo
T2  - Frontiers in Immunology
N2  - T cell anergy is a common mechanism of T cell tolerance. However, although anergic T cells are retained for longer time periods in their hosts, they remain functionally passive. Here, we describe the induction of anergic CD4\(^+\) T cells in vivo by intravenous application of high doses of antigen and their subsequent conversion into suppressive Foxp3\(^-\) IL-10\(^+\) Tr1 cells but not Foxp3\(^+\) Tregs. We describe the kinetics of up-regulation of several memory-, anergy- and suppression-related markers such as CD44, CD73, FR4, CD25, CD28, PD-1, Egr-2, Foxp3 and CTLA-4 in this process. The conversion into suppressive Tr1 cells correlates with the transient intracellular CTLA-4 expression and required the restimulation of anergic cells in a short-term time window. Restimulation after longer time periods, when CTLA-4 is down-regulated again retains the anergic state but does not lead to the induction of suppressor function. Our data require further functional investigations but at this stage may suggest a role for anergic T cells as a circulating pool of passive cells that may be re-activated into Tr1 cells upon short-term restimulation with high and systemic doses of antigen. It is tentative to speculate that such a scenario may represent cases of allergen responses in non-allergic individuals.
KW  - T cells
KW  - anergy
KW  - Tr1
KW  - conversion
KW  - in vivo
Y1  - 2021
UR  - https://opus.bibliothek.uni-wuerzburg.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/24142
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-241429
SN  - 1664-3224
VL  - 12
ER  -