@article{MeyerScherzadMoratinetal.2019,
  author    = {Meyer, Till Jasper and Scherzad, Agmal and Moratin, Helena and Gehrke, Thomas Eckert and Killisperger, Julian and Hagen, Rudolf and Wohlleben, Gisela and Polat, B{\"u}lent and Dembski, Sofia and Kleinsasser, Norbert and Hackenberg, Stephan},
  title     = {The radiosensitizing effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles in sub-cytotoxic dosing is associated with oxidative stress in vitro},
  series = {Materials},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Materials},
  number    = {24},
  issn      = {1996-1944},
  doi       = {10.3390/ma12244062},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-193897},
  pages     = {4062},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Radioresistance is an important cause of head and neck cancer therapy failure. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NP) mediate tumor-selective toxic effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential for radiosensitization of ZnO-NP. The dose-dependent cytotoxicity of ZnO-NP\(_{20 nm}\) and ZnO-NP\(_{100 nm}\) was investigated in FaDu and primary fibroblasts (FB) by an MTT assay. The clonogenic survival assay was used to evaluate the effects of ZnO-NP alone and in combination with irradiation on FB and FaDu. A formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (FPG)-modified single-cell microgel electrophoresis (comet) assay was applied to detect oxidative DNA damage in FB as a function of ZnO-NP and irradiation exposure. A significantly increased cytotoxicity after FaDu exposure to ZnO-NP\(_{20 nm}\) or ZnO-NP\(_{100 nm}\) was observed in a concentration of 10 µg/mL or 1 µg/mL respectively in 30 µg/mL of ZnO-NP\(_{20 nm}\) or 20 µg/mL of ZnO-NP\(_{100 nm}\) in FB. The addition of 1, 5, or 10 µg/mL ZnO-NP\(_{20 nm}\) or ZnO-NP\(_{100 nm}\) significantly reduced the clonogenic survival of FaDu after irradiation. The sub-cytotoxic dosage of ZnO-NP\(_{100 nm}\) increased the oxidative DNA damage compared to the irradiated control. This effect was not significant for ZnO-NP\(_{20 nm}\). ZnO-NP showed radiosensitizing properties in the sub-cytotoxic dosage. At least for the ZnO-NP\(_{100 nm}\), an increased level of oxidative stress is a possible mechanism of the radiosensitizing effect.},
  language  = {en}
}