@article{KunzAzadEngelHolmbergetal.2019, author = {Kunz, Philipp and Azad Engel, Florian and Holmberg, Hans-Christer and Sperlich, Billy}, title = {A meta-comparison of the effects of high-intensity interval training to those of small-sided games and other training protocols on parameters related to the physiology and performance of youth soccer players}, series = {Sports Medicine - Open}, volume = {5}, journal = {Sports Medicine - Open}, doi = {10.1186/s40798-019-0180-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-200332}, pages = {7}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Background High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is frequently employed to improve the endurance of various types of athletes. To determine whether youth soccer players may benefit from the intermittent load and time efficiency of HIIT, we performed a meta-analysis of the relevant scientific literature. Objectives Our primary objective was to compare changes in various physiological parameters related to the performance of youth soccer players in response to running-based HIIT to the effects of other common training protocols (i.e., small-sided games, technical training and soccer-specific training, or high-volume endurance training). A secondary objective was to compare specifically running-based HIIT to a soccer-specific form of HIIT known as small-sided games (SSG) in this same respect, since this latter type of training is being discussed extensively by coaches. Method A systematic search of the PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases was performed in August of 2017 and updated during the review process in December of 2018. The criteria for inclusion of articles for analysis were as follows: (1) comparison of HIIT to SSG or some other training protocol employing a pre-post design, (2) involvement of healthy young athletes (≤ 18 years old), and (3) assessment of variables related to endurance or soccer performance. Hedges' g effect size (dppc2) and associated 95\% confidence intervals for the comparison of the responses to HIIT and other interventions were calculated. Results Nine studies, involving 232 young soccer players (mean age 16.2 ± 1.6 years), were examined. Endurance training in the form of HIIT or SSG produced similar positive effects on most parameters assessed, including peak oxygen uptake and maximal running performance during incremental running (expressed as Vmax or maximal aerobic speed (MAS)), shuttle runs (expressed as the distance covered or time to exhaustion), and time-trials, as well as submaximal variables such as running economy and running velocity at the lactate threshold. HIIT induced a moderate improvement in soccer-related tests involving technical exercises with the soccer ball and other game-specific parameters (i.e., total distance covered, number of sprints, and number of involvements with the ball). Neuromuscular parameters were largely unaffected by HIIT or SSG. Conclusion The present meta-analysis indicates that HIIT and SSG have equally beneficial impacts on variables related to the endurance and soccer-specific performance of youth soccer players, but little influence on neuromuscular performance.}, language = {en} } @article{Gonzalez‐EscamillaMuthuramanReichetal.2019, author = {Gonzalez-Escamilla, Gabriel and Muthuraman, Muthuraman and Reich, Martin M. and Koirala, Nabin and Riedel, Christian and Glaser, Martin and Lange, Florian and Deuschl, G{\"u}nther and Volkmann, Jens and Groppa, Sergiu}, title = {Cortical network fingerprints predict deep brain stimulation outcome in dystonia}, series = {Movement Disorders}, volume = {34}, journal = {Movement Disorders}, number = {10}, doi = {10.1002/mds.27808}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-213532}, pages = {1536 -- 1545}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Background Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective evidence-based therapy for dystonia. However, no unequivocal predictors of therapy responses exist. We investigated whether patients optimally responding to DBS present distinct brain network organization and structural patterns. Methods From a German multicenter cohort of 82 dystonia patients with segmental and generalized dystonia who received DBS implantation in the globus pallidus internus, we classified patients based on the clinical response 3 years after DBS. Patients were assigned to the superior-outcome group or moderate-outcome group, depending on whether they had above or below 70\% motor improvement, respectively. Fifty-one patients met MRI-quality and treatment response requirements (mean age, 51.3 ± 13.2 years; 25 female) and were included in further analysis. From preoperative MRI we assessed cortical thickness and structural covariance, which were then fed into network analysis using graph theory. We designed a support vector machine to classify subjects for the clinical response based on individual gray-matter fingerprints. Results The moderate-outcome group showed cortical atrophy mainly in the sensorimotor and visuomotor areas and disturbed network topology in these regions. The structural integrity of the cortical mantle explained about 45\% of the DBS stimulation amplitude for optimal response in individual subjects. Classification analyses achieved up to 88\% of accuracy using individual gray-matter atrophy patterns to predict DBS outcomes. Conclusions The analysis of cortical integrity, informed by group-level network properties, could be developed into independent predictors to identify dystonia patients who benefit from DBS.}, language = {en} } @article{EngelWagnerSchelhornetal.2019, author = {Engel, Florian A. and Wagner, Matthias Oliver and Schelhorn, Franziska and Deubert, Felix and Leutzsch, Sascha and Stolz, Alexander and Sperlich, Billy}, title = {Classroom-Based Micro-Sessions of Functional High-Intensity Circuit Training Enhances Functional Strength but Not Cardiorespiratory Fitness in School Children — A Feasibility Study}, series = {Frontiers in Public Health}, volume = {7}, journal = {Frontiers in Public Health}, number = {291}, issn = {2296-2565}, doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2019.00291}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195669}, year = {2019}, abstract = {The present study assessed the short-term effect of 6 min classroom-based micro-sessions of multi-joint functional high-intensity circuit training (FunctionalHIIT) performed by students during regular classes on parameters related to functional strength and cardiorespiratory fitness. In this randomized controlled 4-week study, 17 students (11 male; 6 female; age: 11.6 ± 0.2 years) performed 6 min of FunctionalHIIT (targeting >17 on the Borg scale) 4 days per week during regular school classes and 18 students (11 male; 7 female; age: 11.7 ± 0.3 years) served as control group (CG) without any additional in-class physical activity. The FunctionalHIIT group completed 86\% of all planned sessions (mean duration: 6.0 ± 1.5 min) with a mean RPE of 17.3 ± 2.1. Body height, mass and BMI did not differ between the groups at baseline or between pre- and post-testing (p > 0.05; eta2 ≤ 0.218). The performances in lateral jumping (p < 0.000; part eta2 = 0.382; Δ\% 4.6 ± 8.6), sit-ups (p < 0.000; part eta2 = 0.485; Δ\% 3.1 ± 8.6) and 20-m sprints (p < 0.000; part eta2 = 0.691; Δ\% 15.8 ± 5.4) improved in both groups with greater increase following FunctionalHIIT. No baseline differences and no interaction effects occurred in performance of 6 min run, flexibility, push-ups, balance, and long jump. Classroom-based FunctionalHIIT sessions, performed 4 days per week during 4 weeks did not improve variables related to aerobic endurance performance but enhanced certain parameters of functional strength in schoolchildren. As time is limited in the educational system of schools, FunctionalHIIT during regular school classes could offer a new perspective for increasing functional strength in schoolchildren.}, language = {en} } @article{RadeloffRadeloffTiradoetal.2019, author = {Radeloff, Katrin and Radeloff, Andreas and Tirado, Mario Ramos and Scherzad, Agmal and Hagen, Rudolf and Kleinsasser, Norbert H. and Hackenberg, Stephan}, title = {Long-Term Impact of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Differentiation and Cytokine Secretion of Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells}, series = {Materials}, volume = {12}, journal = {Materials}, number = {1823}, doi = {10.3390/ma12111823}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-224779}, pages = {1-14}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are widely utilized, for example in manufacturing paints and in the cosmetic industry. In addition, there is raising interest in the application of NPs in stem cell research. However, cytotoxic, genotoxic and pro-inflammatory effects were shown for NPs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of ZnO-NPs on cytokine secretion and differentiation properties of human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASCs). Human ASCs were exposed to the subtoxic concentration of 0.2 mu g/mL ZnO-NPs for 24 h. After four weeks of cultivation, adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation procedures were performed. The multi-differentiation potential was confirmed histologically and using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, the gene expression of IL-6, IL-8, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and caspase 3 was analyzed. Over the course of four weeks after ZnO-NPs exposure, no significant differences were detected in the gene expression of IL-6, IL-8, VEGF and caspase 3 compared to non-exposed cells. The differentiation was also not affected by the ZnO-NPs. These findings underline the fact, that functionality of ASCs is likely to be unaffected by ZnO-NPs, despite a long-term disposition of NPs in the cells, supposing that the starting concentration was safely in the non-toxic range. This might provide important information for single-use nanomedical applications of ZnO-NPs.}, language = {en} } @article{RauschenbergerSchmittAzeemetal.2019, author = {Rauschenberger, Tabea and Schmitt, Viola and Azeem, Muhammad and Klein-Hessling, Stefan and Murti, Krisna and Gr{\"a}n, Franziska and Goebeler, Matthias and Kerstan, Andreas and Klein, Matthias and Bopp, Tobias and Serfling, Edgar and Muhammad, Khalid}, title = {T cells control chemokine secretion by keratinocytes}, series = {Frontiers in Immunology}, volume = {10}, journal = {Frontiers in Immunology}, number = {1917}, issn = {1664-3224}, doi = {10.3389/fimmu.2019.01917}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195695}, year = {2019}, abstract = {The massive infiltration of lymphocytes into the skin is a hallmark of numerous human skin disorders. By co-culturing murine keratinocytes with splenic T cells we demonstrate here that T cells affect and control the synthesis and secretion of chemokines by keratinocytes. While pre-activated CD8\(^+\)T cells induce the synthesis of CXCL9 and CXCL10 in keratinocytes and keep in check the synthesis of CXCL1, CXCL5, and CCL20, keratinocytes dampen the synthesis of CCL3 and CCL4 in pre-activated CD8\(^+\)T cells. One key molecule is IFN-γ that is synthesized by CD8\(^+\)T cells under the control of NFATc1 and NFATc2. CD8\(^+\)T cells deficient for both NFAT factors are unable to induce CXCL9 and CXCL10 expression. In addition, CD8\(^+\)T cells induced numerous type I IFN-inducible "defense genes" in keratinocytes encoding the PD1 and CD40 ligands, TNF-α and caspase-1. The enhanced expression of type I IFN-inducible genes resembles the gene expression pattern at the dermal/epidermal interface in lichen planus, an inflammatory T lymphocyte-driven skin disease, in which we detected the expression of CXCL10 in keratinocytes in close vicinity to the infiltration front of T cells. These data reflect the multifaceted interplay of lymphocytes with keratinocytes at the molecular level.}, language = {en} } @article{RiceEikemaMarshetal.2019, author = {Rice, Carmel and Eikema, Dirk-Jan and Marsh, Judith C. W. and Knol, Cora and Hebert, Kyle and Putter, Hein and Peterson, Eefke and Deeg, H. Joachim and Halkes, Stijn and Pidala, Joseph and Anderlini, Paolo and Tischer, Johanna and Kroger, Nicolaus and McDonald, Andrew and Antin, Joseph H. and Schaap, Nicolaas P. and Hallek, Michael and Einsele, Herman and Mathews, Vikram and Kapoor, Neena and Boelens, Jaap-Jan and Mufti, Ghulam J. and Potter, Victoria and de la Tour, R{\´e}gis Pefault and Eapen, Mary and Dufour, Carlo}, title = {Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Patients Aged 50 Years or Older with Severe Aplastic Anemia}, series = {Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation}, volume = {25}, journal = {Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation}, number = {3}, doi = {10.1016/j.bbmt.2018.08.029}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-225229}, pages = {488-495}, year = {2019}, abstract = {We report on 499 patients with severe aplastic anemia aged >= 50 years who underwent hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) from HLA-matched sibling (n = 275, 55\%) or HLA-matched (8/8) unrelated donors (n =187, 37\%) between 2005 and 2016. The median age at HCT was 57.8 years; 16\% of patients were 65 to 77 years old. Multivariable analysis confirmed higher mortality risks for patients with performance score less than 90\% (hazard ratio HR], 1.41; 95\% confidence interval [CI], 1.03 to 1.92; P= .03) and after unrelated donor transplantation (HR, 1.47; 95\% CI,1 to 2.16; P = .05). The 3-year probabilities of survival for patients with performance scores of 90 to 100 and less than 90 after HLA-matched sibling transplant were 66\% (range, 57\% to 75\%) and 57\% (range, 47\% to 76\%), respectively. The corresponding probabilities after HLA-matched unrelated donor transplantation were 57\% (range, 48\% to 67\%) and 48\% (range, 36\% to 59\%). Age at transplantation was not associated with survival, but grades II to IV acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) risks were higher for patients aged 65 years or older (subdistribution HR [sHR], 1.7; 95\% confidence interval, 1.07 to 2.72; P= .026). Chronic GVHD was lower with the GVHD prophylaxis regimens calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) + methotrexate (sHR, .52; 95\% CI, .33 to .81; P= .004) and CNI alone or with other agents (sHR, .27; 95\% CI, .14 to .53; P < .001) compared with CNI + mycophenolate. Although donor availability is modifiable only to a limited extent, choice of GVHD prophylaxis and selection of patients with good performance scores are key for improved outcomes. (C) 2018 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{RagerJakowetzGoleetal.2019, author = {Rager, Sabrina and Jakowetz, Andreas C. and Gole, Bappaditya and Beuerle, Florian and Medina, Dana D. and Bein, Thomas}, title = {Scaffold-Induced Diketopyrrolopyrrole Molecular Stacks in a Covalent Organic Framework}, series = {Chemistry of Materials}, volume = {31}, journal = {Chemistry of Materials}, number = {8}, doi = {10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b02882}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-224927}, pages = {2707-2712}, year = {2019}, abstract = {In recent years, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have attracted considerable attention due to their crystalline and porous nature, which positions them as intriguing candidates for diverse applications such as catalysis, sensing, or optoelectronics. The incorporation of dyes or semiconducting moieties into a rigid two-dimensional COF can offer emergent features such as enhanced light harvesting or charge transport. However, this approach can be challenging when dealing with dye molecules that exhibit a large aromatic backbone, since the steric demand of solubilizing side chains also needs to be integrated into the framework. Here, we report the successful synthesis of DPP2-HHTP-COF consisting of diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) diboronic acid and hexahydroxytriphenylene (HHTP) building blocks. The well-known boronate ester coupling motif guides the formation of a planar and rigid backbone and long-range molecular DPP stacks, resulting in a highly crystalline and porous material. DPP2-HHTP-COF exhibits excellent optical properties including strong absorption over the visible spectral range, broad emission into the NIR and a singlet lifetime of over 5 ns attributed to the formation of molecular stacks with J-type interactions between the DPP subcomponents in the COF. Electrical measurements of crystalline DPP2-HHTP-COF pellets revealed conductivity values of up to 10(-6) S cm(-1).}, language = {en} } @article{SilwedelHaarmannFehrholzetal.2019, author = {Silwedel, Christine and Haarmann, Axel and Fehrholz, Markus and Claus, Heike and Speer, Christian P. and Glaser, Kirsten}, title = {More than just inflammation: Ureaplasma species induce apoptosis in human brain microvascular endothelial cells}, series = {Journal of Neuroinflammation}, volume = {16}, journal = {Journal of Neuroinflammation}, doi = {10.1186/s12974-019-1413-8}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-200711}, pages = {38}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Background Ureaplasma species (spp.) are commonly regarded as low-virulent commensals but may cause invasive diseases in immunocompromised adults and in neonates, including neonatal meningitis. The interactions of Ureaplasma spp. with host defense mechanisms are poorly understood. This study addressed Ureaplasma-driven cell death, concentrating on apoptosis as well as inflammatory cell death. Methods Human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) were exposed to Ureaplasma (U.) urealyticum serovar 8 (Uu8) and U. parvum serovar 3 (Up3). Resulting numbers of dead cells as well as mRNA levels and enzyme activity of key agents in programmed cell death were assessed by flow cytometry, RNA sequencing, and qRT-PCR, respectively. xCELLigence data were used for real-time monitoring of changes in cell adhesion properties. Results Both Ureaplasma isolates induced cell death (p < 0.05, vs. broth). Furthermore, Ureaplasma spp. enhanced mRNA levels for genes in apoptosis, including caspase 3 (Up3 p < 0.05, vs. broth), caspase 7 (p < 0.01), and caspase 9 (Up3 p < 0.01). Caspase 3 activity was increased upon Uu8 exposure (p < 0.01). Vice versa, Ureaplasma isolates downregulated mRNA levels for proteins involved in inflammatory cell death, namely caspase 1 (Uu8 p < 0.01, Up3 p < 0.001), caspase 4 (Uu8 p < 0.05, Up3 p < 0.01), NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3 (Uu8 p < 0.05), and receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (p < 0.05). Conclusions By inducing apoptosis in HBMEC as main constituents of the blood-brain barrier, Ureaplasma spp. may provoke barrier breakdown. Simultaneous suppression of inflammatory cell death may additionally attenuate host defense strategies. Ultimate consequence could be invasive and long-term CNS infections by Ureaplasma spp.}, language = {en} } @article{RobindeWreedeWolschkeetal.2019, author = {Robin, Marie and de Wreede, Liesbeth C. and Wolschke, Christine and Schetelig, Johannes and Eikema, Diderik-Jan and Van Lint, Maria Teresa and Knelange, Nina Simone and Beelen, Dietrich and Brecht, Arne and Niederwieser, Dietger and Vitek, Antonin and Bethge, Wolfgang and Arnold, Renate and Finke, J{\"u}rgen and Volin, Liisa and Yakoub-Agha, Ibrahim and Nagler, Arnon and Poir{\´e}, Xavier and Einsele, Hermann and Chevallier, Patrice and Holler, Ernst and Ljungman, Per and Robinson, Stephen and Radujkovic, Alekxandar and McLornan, Donal and Chalandon, Yves and Kr{\"o}ger, Nicolaus}, title = {Long-term outcome after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for myelofibrosis}, series = {Haematologica}, volume = {104}, journal = {Haematologica}, number = {9}, doi = {10.3324/haematol.2018.205211}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-226386}, pages = {1782-1788}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant remains the only curative treatment for myelofibrosis. Most post-transplantation events Aoccur during the first two years and hence we aimed to analyze the outcome of 2-year disease-free survivors. A total of 1055 patients with myelofibrosis transplanted between 1995 and 2014 and registered in the registry of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation were included. Survival was compared to the matched general population to determine excess mortality and the risk factors that are associated. In the 2-year survivors, disease-free survival was 64\% (60-68\%) and overall survival was 74\% (71-78\%) at ten years; results were better in younger individuals and in women. Excess mortality was 14\% (8-21\%) in patients aged <45 years and 33\% (13-53\%) in patients aged >= 65 years. The main cause of death was relapse of the primary disease. Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) before two years decreased the risk of relapse. Multivariable analysis of excess mortality showed that age, male sex recipient, secondary myelofibrosis and no GvHD disease prior to the 2-year landmark increased the risk of excess mortality. This is the largest study to date analyzing long-term outcome in patients with myelofibrosis undergoing transplant. Overall it shows a good survival in patients alive and in remission at two years. However, the occurrence of late complications, including late relapses, infectious complications and secondary malignancies, highlights the importance of screening and monitoring of long-term survivors.}, subject = {Midollo-Osseo}, language = {en} } @article{YoussifHaggagElshamyetal.2019, author = {Youssif, Khayrya A. and Haggag, Eman G. and Elshamy, Ali M. and Rabeh, Mohamed A. and Gabr, Nagwan M. and Seleem, Amany and Salem, M. Alaraby and Hussein, Ahmed S. and Krischke, Markus and Mueller, Martin J. and Ramadan Abdelmohsen, Usama}, title = {Anti-Alzheimer potential, metabolomic profiling and molecular docking of green synthesized silver nanoparticles of Lampranthus coccineus and Malephora lutea aqueous extracts}, series = {PLoS ONE}, volume = {14}, journal = {PLoS ONE}, number = {11}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0223781}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-202696}, pages = {e0223781}, year = {2019}, abstract = {The green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) using plant extracts is an eco-friendly method. It is a single step and offers several advantages such as time reducing, cost-effective and environmental non-toxic. Silver nanoparticles are a type of Noble metal nanoparticles and it has tremendous applications in the field of diagnostics, therapeutics, antimicrobial activity, anticancer and neurodegenerative diseases. In the present work, the aqueous extracts of aerial parts of Lampranthus coccineus and Malephora lutea F. Aizoaceae were successfully used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The formation of silver nanoparticles was early detected by a color change from pale yellow to reddish-brown color and was further confirmed by transmission electron microscope (TEM), UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDX). The TEM analysis of showed spherical nanoparticles with a mean size between 12.86 nm and 28.19 nm and the UV- visible spectroscopy showed λ\(_{max}\) of 417 nm, which confirms the presence of nanoparticles. The neuroprotective potential of SNPs was evaluated by assessing the antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory activity. Metabolomic profiling was performed on methanolic extracts of L. coccineus and M. lutea and resulted in the identification of 12 compounds, then docking was performed to investigate the possible interaction between the identified compounds and human acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and glutathione transferase receptor, which are associated with the progress of Alzheimer's disease. Overall our SNPs highlighted its promising potential in terms of anticholinesterase and antioxidant activity as plant-based anti-Alzheimer drug and against oxidative stress.}, language = {en} }