@article{HerzogAndreattaSchneideretal.2021,
  author    = {Herzog, Katharina and Andreatta, Marta and Schneider, Kristina and Schiele, Miriam A. and Domschke, Katharina and Romanos, Marcel and Deckert, J{\"u}rgen and Pauli, Paul},
  title     = {Reducing Generalization of Conditioned Fear: Beneficial Impact of Fear Relevance and Feedback in Discrimination Training},
  series = {Frontiers in Psychology},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Psychology},
  issn      = {1664-1078},
  doi       = {10.3389/fpsyg.2021.665711},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-239970},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Anxiety patients over-generalize fear, possibly because of an incapacity to discriminate threat and safety signals. Discrimination trainings are promising approaches for reducing such fear over-generalization. Here we investigated the efficacy of a fear-relevant vs. a fear-irrelevant discrimination training on fear generalization and whether the effects are increased with feedback during training. Eighty participants underwent two fear acquisition blocks, during which one face (conditioned stimulus, CS+), but not another face (CS-), was associated with a female scream (unconditioned stimulus, US). During two generalization blocks, both CSs plus four morphs (generalization stimuli, GS1-GS4) were presented. Between these generalization blocks, half of the participants underwent a fear-relevant discrimination training (discrimination between CS+ and the other faces) with or without feedback and the other half a fear-irrelevant discrimination training (discrimination between the width of lines) with or without feedback. US expectancy, arousal, valence ratings, and skin conductance responses (SCR) indicated successful fear acquisition. Importantly, fear-relevant vs. fear-irrelevant discrimination trainings and feedback vs. no feedback reduced generalization as reflected in US expectancy ratings independently from one another. No effects of training condition were found for arousal and valence ratings or SCR. In summary, this is a first indication that fear-relevant discrimination training and feedback can improve the discrimination between threat and safety signals in healthy individuals, at least for learning-related evaluations, but not evaluations of valence or (physiological) arousal.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Spitznagel2017,
  author    = {Spitznagel, Niko},
  title     = {Energy transfer during molten fuel coolant interaction},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-142891},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The contact of hot melt with liquid water - called Molten Fuel Coolant Interaction (MFCI) - can result in vivid explosions. Such explosions can occur in different scenarios: in steel or powerplants but also in volcanoes. Because of the possible dramatic consequences of such explosions an investigation of the explosion process is necessary. Fundamental basics of this process are already discovered and explained, such as the frame conditions for these explosions. It has been shown that energy transfer during an MFCI-process can be very high because of the transfer of thermal energy caused by positive feedback mechanisms. Up to now the influence of several varying parameters on the energy transfer and the explosions is not yet investigated sufficiently. An important parameter is the melt temperature, because the amount of possibly transferable energy depends on it. The investigation of this influence is the main aim of this work. Therefor metallic tin melt was used, because of its nearly constant thermal material properties in a wide temperature range. With tin melt research in the temperature range from 400 °C up to 1000 °C are possible. One important result is the lower temperature limit for vapor film stability in the experiments. For low melt temperatures up to about 600 °C the vapor film is so unstable that it already can collapse before the mechanical trigger. As expected the transferred thermal energy all in all increases with higher temperatures. Although this effect sometimes is superposed by other influences such as the premix of melt and water, the result is confirmed after a consequent filtering of the remaining influences. This trend is not only recognizable in the amount of transferred energy, but also in the fragmentation of melt or the vaporizing water. But also the other influences on MFCI-explosions showed interesting results in the frame of this work. To perform the experiments the installation and preparation of the experimental Setup in the laboratory were necessary. In order to compare the results to volcanism and to get a better investigation of the brittle fragmentation of melt additional runs with magmatic melt were made. In the results the thermal power during energy transfer could be estimated. Furthermore the model of "cooling fragments " could be usefully applied.},
  subject      = {Vulkanologie},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Lenhard2002,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Lenhard, Alexandra},
  title     = {Intra- and intermanual transfer of adaptation to unnoticed virtual displacement under terminal and continuous visual feedback},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-23889},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2002},
  abstract  = {Versuchspersonen trainierten mit der rechten Hand Zielbewegungen zu verschiedenen Zielen unter terminalem oder kontinuierlichem visuellem Feedback. F{\"u}r eines der Ziele wurde die visuelle R{\"u}ckmeldung so manipuliert, dass Bewegungen zu diesem Ziel k{\"u}rzer wirkten, als sie tats{\"a}chlich waren. Nach dem Training sollten die gleichen Ziele sowohl mit der trainierten rechten als auch mit der untrainierten linken Hand erreicht werden. Bewegungen der rechten Hand passten sich an die unbemerkte visuelle Transformation an. Die Adaptation war unter kontinuierlichem Feedback schw{\"a}cher als unter terminalem. Außerdem generalisierte die Adapation nur unter terminalem, aber nicht unter kontinuierlichem Feedback, auf andere Zielbewegungen in die gleiche Richtung, aber nicht auf Zielbewegungen in die entgegengesetzte Richtung. Bewegungen der untrainierten linken Hand zeigten qualitativ die gleichen adaptationsbedingten Ver{\"a}nderungen wie Bewegungen der rechten Hand. Die Ergebnisse sprechen f{\"u}r die Annahme, dass beim Training der rechten Hand eine effektorunabh{\"a}ngige r{\"a}umliche Repr{\"a}sentation ver{\"a}ndert wird, auf die bei der Steuerung beider H{\"a}nde zur{\"u}ckgegriffen wird.},
  subject      = {Motorisches Lernen},
  language  = {en}
}