@article{ReimannStopperHintzsche2020,
  author    = {Reimann, Hauke and Stopper, Helga and Hintzsche, Henning},
  title     = {Long-term fate of etoposide-induced micronuclei and micronucleated cells in Hela-H2B-GFP cells},
  series = {Archives of Toxicology},
  volume    = {94},
  journal   = {Archives of Toxicology},
  issn      = {0340-5761},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00204-020-02840-0},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-235039},
  pages     = {3553-3561},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Micronuclei are small nuclear cellular structures containing whole chromosomes or chromosomal fragments. While there is a lot of information available about the origin and formation of micronuclei, less is known about the fate of micronuclei and micronucleated cells. Possible fates include extrusion, degradation, reincorporation and persistence. Live cell imaging was performed to quantitatively analyse the fates of micronuclei and micronucleated cells occurring in vitro. Imaging was conducted for up to 96 h in HeLa-H2B-GFP cells treated with 0.5, 1 and 2 µg/ml etoposide. While a minority of micronuclei was reincorporated into the main nucleus during mitosis, the majority of micronuclei persisted without any alterations. Degradation and extrusion were observed rarely or never. The presence of micronuclei affected the proliferation of the daughter cells and also had an influence on cell death rates. Mitotic errors were found to be clearly increased in micronucleus-containing cells. The results show that micronuclei and micronucleated cells can, although delayed in cell cycle, sustain for multiple divisions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HintzscheMontagStopper2018,
  author    = {Hintzsche, Henning and Montag, Gracia and Stopper, Helga},
  title     = {Induction of micronuclei by four cytostatic compounds in human hematopoietic stem cells and human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells},
  series = {Scientific Reports},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Scientific Reports},
  number    = {3371},
  doi       = {10.1038/s41598-018-21680-8},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-176210},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {For mutagenicity testing, primary lymphocytes or mammalian cell lines are employed. However, the true target for carcinogenic action of mutagenic chemicals may be stem cells. Since hematopoietic cancers induced by chemical agents originate at the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) stage and since one of the side effects of chemotherapeutic cancer treatment is the induction of secondary tumors, often leukemias, HSC may be a suitable cell system. We compared the sensitivity of HSC with the genotoxicity testing cell line TK6 for chromosomal mutations. HSC were less sensitive than TK6 cells for the genotoxic effects of the model genotoxins and chemotherapeutic agents doxorubicin, vinblastine, methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) and equally sensitive for mitomycin C (MMC). However, loss of viability after mitomycin C treatment was higher in HSC than in TK6 cells. Among the factors that may influence sensitivity for genomic damage, the generation or response to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the effectiveness of DNA damage response can be discussed. Here we show that HSC can be used in a standard micronucleus test protocol for chromosomal mutations and that their sensitivity was not higher than that of a classical testing cell line.},
  language  = {en}
}