@article{HagemannAnackerErnestusetal.2012,
  author    = {Hagemann, Carsten and Anacker, Jelena and Ernestus, Ralf-Ingo and Vince, Giles H.},
  title     = {A complete compilation of matrix metalloproteinase expression in human malignant gliomas},
  series = {World Journal of Clinical Oncology},
  volume    = {3},
  journal   = {World Journal of Clinical Oncology},
  number    = {5},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-123982},
  pages     = {67-79},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Glioblastomas are characterized by an aggressive local growth pattern, a marked degree of invasiveness and poor prognosis. Tumor invasiveness is facilitated by the increased activity of proteolytic enzymes which are involved in destruction of the extracellular matrix of the surrounding healthy brain tissue. Elevated levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were found in glioblastoma (GBM) cell-lines, as well as in GBM biopsies as compared with low-grade astrocytoma (LGA) and normal brain samples, indicating a role in malignant progression. A careful review of the available literature revealed that both the expression and role of several of the 23 human MMP proteins is controversely discussed and for some there are no data available at all. We therefore screened a panel of 15 LGA and 15 GBM biopsy samples for those MMPs for which there is either no, very limited or even contradictory data available. Hence, this is the first complete compilation of the expression pattern of all 23 human MMPs in astrocytic tumors. This study will support a better understanding of the specific expression patterns and interaction of proteolytic enzymes in malignant human glioma and may provide additional starting points for targeted patient therapy.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HagemannAnackerHaasetal.2010,
  author    = {Hagemann, Carsten and Anacker, Jelena and Haas, Stefanie and Riesner, Daniela and Sch{\"o}mig, Beate and Ernestus, Ralf-Ingo and Vince, Giles H.},
  title     = {Comparative expression pattern of Matrix-Metalloproteinases in human glioblastoma cell-lines and primary cultures},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-67980},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Background: Glioblastomas (GBM), the most frequent malignant brain tumors in adults, are characterized by an aggressive local growth pattern and highly invasive tumor cells. This invasion is facilitated by expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases. They mediate the degradation of protein components of the extracellular matrix. Twenty-three family members are known. Elevated levels of several of them have been reported in GBM. GBM cell-lines are used for in vitro studies of cell migration and invasion. Therefore, it is essential to know their MMP expression patterns. Only limited data for some of the cell-lines are published, yet. To fill the gaps in our knowledge would help to choose suitable model systems for analysis of regulation and function of MMPs during GBM tumorigenesis, cell migration and invasion. Findings: We analysed MMP-1, -8, -9, -10, -11, -13, -17, -19, -20, -21, -23, -24, -26, -27, and MMP-28 expression in seven GBM cell-lines (SNB-19, GaMG, U251, U87, U373, U343, U138) and in four primary cell cultures by semiquantitative RT-PCR, followed changes in the MMP expression pattern with increasing passages of cell culture and examined the influence of TNF-a and TGF-b1 stimulation on the expression of selected MMPs in U251 and U373 cells. MMP-13, -17, -19 and -24 were expressed by all analyzed cell-lines, whereas MMP-20 and MMP-21 were not expressed by any of them. The other MMPs showed variable expression, which was dependent on passage number. Primary cells displayed a similar MMP-expression pattern as the cell-lines. In U251 and U373 cells expression of MMP-9 and MMP-19 was stimulated by TNF-a. MMP-1 mRNA expression was significantly increased in U373 cells, but not in U251 cells by this cytokine. Whereas TGF-b1 had no impact on MMP expression in U251 cells, it significantly induced MMP-11 and MMP-24 expression in U373 cells. Conclusions: Literature-data and our own results suggest that the expression pattern of MMPs is highly variable, dependent on the cell-line and the cell-culture conditions used and that also regulation of MMP expression by cytokines is cell-line dependent. This is of high impact for the transfer of cell-culture experiments to clinical implementation.},
  subject      = {Metalloproteinasen},
  language  = {en}
}