@article{WangStoecklLietal.2022, author = {Wang, Chenglong and St{\"o}ckl, Sabine and Li, Shushan and Herrmann, Marietta and Lukas, Christoph and Reinders, Yvonne and Sickmann, Albert and Gr{\"a}ssel, Susanne}, title = {Effects of extracellular vesicles from osteogenic differentiated human BMSCs on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation capacity of na{\"i}ve human BMSCs}, series = {Cells}, volume = {11}, journal = {Cells}, number = {16}, issn = {2073-4409}, doi = {10.3390/cells11162491}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-286112}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Osteoporosis, or steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the hip, is accompanied by increased bone marrow adipogenesis. Such a disorder of adipogenic/osteogenic differentiation, affecting bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), contributes to bone loss during aging. Here, we investigated the effects of extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from human (h)BMSCs during different stages of osteogenic differentiation on the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation capacity of na{\"i}ve (undifferentiated) hBMSCs. We observed that all EV groups increased viability and proliferation capacity and suppressed the apoptosis of na{\"i}ve hBMSCs. In particular, EVs derived from hBMSCs at late-stage osteogenic differentiation promoted the osteogenic potential of na{\"i}ve hBMSCs more effectively than EVs derived from na{\"i}ve hBMSCs (na{\"i}ve EVs), as indicated by the increased gene expression of COL1A1 and OPN. In contrast, the adipogenic differentiation capacity of na{\"i}ve hBMSCs was inhibited by treatment with EVs from osteogenic differentiated hBMSCs. Proteomic analysis revealed that osteogenic EVs and na{\"i}ve EVs contained distinct protein profiles, with pro-osteogenic and anti-adipogenic proteins encapsulated in osteogenic EVs. We speculate that osteogenic EVs could serve as an intercellular communication system between bone- and bone-marrow adipose tissue, for transporting osteogenic factors and thus favoring pro-osteogenic processes. Our data may support the theory of an endocrine circuit with the skeleton functioning as a ductless gland.}, language = {en} } @article{WagenbrennerPokerHeinzetal.2022, author = {Wagenbrenner, Mike and Poker, Konrad and Heinz, Tizian and Herrmann, Marietta and Horas, Konstantin and Ebert, Regina and Mayer-Wagner, Susanne and Holzapfel, Boris M. and Rudert, Maximilian and Steinert, Andre F. and Weißenberger, Manuel}, title = {Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from various tissues of the human arthritic knee joint possess similar multipotent differentiation potential}, series = {Applied Sciences}, volume = {12}, journal = {Applied Sciences}, number = {4}, issn = {2076-3417}, doi = {10.3390/app12042239}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-262334}, year = {2022}, abstract = {(1) Background: The mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) of different tissue origins are applied in cell-based chondrogenic regeneration. However, there is a lack of comparability determining the most suitable cell source for the tissue engineering (TE) of cartilage. The purpose of this study was to compare the in vitro chondrogenic potential of MSC-like cells from different tissue sources (bone marrow, meniscus, anterior cruciate ligament, synovial membrane, and the infrapatellar fat pad removed during total knee arthroplasty (TKA)) and define which cell source is best suited for cartilage regeneration. (2) Methods: MSC-like cells were isolated from five donors and expanded using adherent monolayer cultures. Differentiation was induced by culture media containing specific growth factors. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß1 was used as the growth factor for chondrogenic differentiation. Osteogenesis and adipogenesis were induced in monolayer cultures for 27 days, while pellet cell cultures were used for chondrogenesis for 21 days. Control cultures were maintained under the same conditions. After, the differentiation period samples were analyzed, using histological and immunohistochemical staining, as well as molecularbiological analysis by RT-PCR, to assess the expression of specific marker genes. (3) Results: Plastic-adherent growth and in vitro trilineage differentiation capacity of all isolated cells were proven. Flow cytometry revealed the clear co-expression of surface markers CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105 on all isolated cells. Adipogenesis was validated through the formation of lipid droplets, while osteogenesis was proven by the formation of calcium deposits within differentiated cell cultures. The formation of proteoglycans was observed during chondrogenesis in pellet cultures, with immunohistochemical staining revealing an increased relative gene expression of collagen type II. RT-PCR proved an elevated expression of specific marker genes after successful differentiation, with no significant differences regarding different cell source of native tissue. (4) Conclusions: Irrespective of the cell source of native tissue, all MSC-like cells showed multipotent differentiation potential in vitro. The multipotent differentiation capacity did not differ significantly, and chondrogenic differentiation was proven in all pellet cultures. Therefore, cell suitability for cell-based cartilage therapies and tissue engineering is given for various tissue origins that are routinely removed during total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study might provide essential information for the clinical tool of cell harvesting, leading to more flexibility in cell availability.}, language = {en} } @article{Trivanović2022, author = {Trivanović, Drenka}, title = {Adult stem cells in aging}, series = {Journal of Personalized Medicine}, volume = {12}, journal = {Journal of Personalized Medicine}, number = {5}, issn = {2075-4426}, doi = {10.3390/jpm12050795}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-275226}, year = {2022}, abstract = {No abstract available}, language = {en} } @article{SeilerEbertRudertetal.2022, author = {Seiler, Jonas and Ebert, Regina and Rudert, Maximilian and Herrmann, Marietta and Leich, Ellen and Weißenberger, Manuela and Horas, Konstantin}, title = {Bone metastases of diverse primary origin frequently express the VDR (vitamin D receptor) and CYP24A1}, series = {Journal of Clinical Medicine}, volume = {11}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Medicine}, number = {21}, issn = {2077-0383}, doi = {10.3390/jcm11216537}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-297377}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Active vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3) is known to exert direct anti-cancer actions on various malignant tissues through binding to the vitamin D receptor (VDR). These effects have been demonstrated in breast, prostate, renal and thyroid cancers, which all have a high propensity to metastasise to bone. In addition, there is evidence that vitamin D catabolism via 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) is altered in tumour cells, thus, reducing local active vitamin D levels in cancer cells. The aim of this study was to assess VDR and CYP24A1 expression in various types of bone metastases by using immunohistochemistry. Overall, a high total VDR protein expression was detected in 59\% of cases (39/66). There was a non-significant trend of high-grade tumours towards the low nuclear VDR expression (p = 0.07). Notably, patients with further distant metastases had a reduced nuclear VDR expression (p = 0.03). Furthermore, a high CYP24A1 expression was detected in 59\% (39/66) of bone metastases. There was a significant positive correlation between nuclear VDR and CYP24A1 expression (p = 0.001). Collectively, the VDR and CYP24A1 were widely expressed in a multitude of bone metastases, pointing to a potential role of vitamin D signalling in cancer progression. This is of high clinical relevance, as vitamin D deficiency is frequent in patients with bone metastases.}, language = {en} } @article{RamirezRodriguezPereiraHerrmannetal.2021, author = {Ram{\´i}rez-Rodr{\´i}guez, Gloria Bel{\´e}n and Pereira, Ana Rita and Herrmann, Marietta and Hansmann, Jan and Delgado-L{\´o}pez, Jos{\´e} Manuel and Sprio, Simone and Tampieri, Anna and Sandri, Monica}, title = {Biomimetic mineralization promotes viability and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells in a perfusion bioreactor}, series = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, volume = {22}, journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, number = {3}, issn = {1422-0067}, doi = {10.3390/ijms22031447}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-285804}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In bone tissue engineering, the design of 3D systems capable of recreating composition, architecture and micromechanical environment of the native extracellular matrix (ECM) is still a challenge. While perfusion bioreactors have been proposed as potential tool to apply biomechanical stimuli, its use has been limited to a low number of biomaterials. In this work, we propose the culture of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) in biomimetic mineralized recombinant collagen scaffolds with a perfusion bioreactor to simultaneously provide biochemical and biophysical cues guiding stem cell fate. The scaffolds were fabricated by mineralization of recombinant collagen in the presence of magnesium (RCP.MgAp). The organic matrix was homogeneously mineralized with apatite nanocrystals, similar in composition to those found in bone. X-Ray microtomography images revealed isotropic porous structure with optimum porosity for cell ingrowth. In fact, an optimal cell repopulation through the entire scaffolds was obtained after 1 day of dynamic seeding in the bioreactor. Remarkably, RCP.MgAp scaffolds exhibited higher cell viability and a clear trend of up-regulation of osteogenic genes than control (non-mineralized) scaffolds. Results demonstrate the potential of the combination of biomimetic mineralization of recombinant collagen in presence of magnesium and dynamic culture of hMSC as a promising strategy to closely mimic bone ECM.}, language = {en} } @article{HerrmannHildebrandMenzeletal.2019, author = {Herrmann, Marietta and Hildebrand, Maria and Menzel, Ursula and Fahy, Niamh and Alini, Mauro and Lang, Siegmund and Benneker, Lorin and Verrier, Sophie and Stoddart, Martin J. and Bara, Jennifer J.}, title = {Phenotypic characterization of bone marrow mononuclear cells and derived stromal cell populations from human iliac crest, vertebral body and femoral head}, series = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, volume = {20}, journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, number = {14}, issn = {1422-0067}, doi = {10.3390/ijms20143454}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-285054}, year = {2019}, abstract = {(1) In vitro, bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BMSCs) demonstrate inter-donor phenotypic variability, which presents challenges for the development of regenerative therapies. Here, we investigated whether the frequency of putative BMSC sub-populations within the freshly isolated mononuclear cell fraction of bone marrow is phenotypically predictive for the in vitro derived stromal cell culture. (2) Vertebral body, iliac crest, and femoral head bone marrow were acquired from 33 patients (10 female and 23 male, age range 14-91). BMSC sub-populations were identified within freshly isolated mononuclear cell fractions based on cell-surface marker profiles. Stromal cells were expanded in monolayer on tissue culture plastic. Phenotypic assessment of in vitro derived cell cultures was performed by examining growth kinetics, chondrogenic, osteogenic, and adipogenic differentiation. (3) Gender, donor age, and anatomical site were neither predictive for the total yield nor the population doubling time of in vitro derived BMSC cultures. The abundance of freshly isolated progenitor sub-populations (CD45-CD34-CD73+, CD45-CD34-CD146+, NG2+CD146+) was not phenotypically predictive of derived stromal cell cultures in terms of growth kinetics nor plasticity. BMSCs derived from iliac crest and vertebral body bone marrow were more responsive to chondrogenic induction, forming superior cartilaginous tissue in vitro, compared to those isolated from femoral head. (4) The identification of discrete progenitor populations in bone marrow by current cell-surface marker profiling is not predictive for subsequently derived in vitro BMSC cultures. Overall, the iliac crest and the vertebral body offer a more reliable tissue source of stromal progenitor cells for cartilage repair strategies compared to femoral head.}, language = {en} } @article{BorojevićJaukovićKukoljetal.2022, author = {Borojević, Ana and Jauković, Aleksandra and Kukolj, Tamara and Mojsilović, Slavko and Obradović, Hristina and Trivanović, Drenka and Živanović, Milena and Zečević, Željko and Simić, Marija and Gobeljić, Borko and Vujić, Dragana and Bugarski, Diana}, title = {Vitamin D3 stimulates proliferation capacity, expression of pluripotency markers, and osteogenesis of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal/stem cells, partly through SIRT1 signaling}, series = {Biomolecules}, volume = {12}, journal = {Biomolecules}, number = {2}, issn = {2218-273X}, doi = {10.3390/biom12020323}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-262203}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The biology of vitamin D3 is well defined, as are the effects of its active metabolites on various cells, including mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs). However, the biological potential of its precursor, cholecalciferol (VD3), has not been sufficiently investigated, although its significance in regenerative medicine — mainly in combination with various biomaterial matrices — has been recognized. Given that VD3 preconditioning might also contribute to the improvement of cellular regenerative potential, the aim of this study was to investigate its effects on bone marrow (BM) MSC functions and the signaling pathways involved. For that purpose, the influence of VD3 on BM-MSCs obtained from young human donors was determined via MTT test, flow cytometric analysis, immunocytochemistry, and qRT-PCR. Our results revealed that VD3, following a 5-day treatment, stimulated proliferation, expression of pluripotency markers (NANOG, SOX2, and Oct4), and osteogenic differentiation potential in BM-MSCs, while it reduced their senescence. Moreover, increased sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression was detected upon treatment with VD3, which mediated VD3-promoted osteogenesis and, partially, the stemness features through NANOG and SOX2 upregulation. In contrast, the effects of VD3 on proliferation, Oct4 expression, and senescence were SIRT1-independent. Altogether, these data indicate that VD3 has strong potential to modulate BM-MSCs' features, partially through SIRT1 signaling, although the precise mechanisms merit further investigation.}, language = {en} }