@phdthesis{Trammer2011,
  author    = {Trammer, Beatrice},
  title     = {Ex-vivo-Modelle zur Charakterisierung der Pharmakokinetik pulmonal applizierter Wirkstoffe: Dialyse- und humanes Lungenperfusionsmodell},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-66119},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {Aus pharmakokinetischer Sicht sind neben Parametern wie der oralen Bioverf{\"u}gbarkeit und der systemischen Clearance, f{\"u}r die Effektivit{\"a}t und Sicherheit eines inhalativ angewendeten Wirkstoffes unter anderem das Ausmaß der pulmonalen Deposition und seine pulmonale Umverteilungskinetik entscheidend. Wird eine topische Wirkung des Arzneistoffes angestrebt, so tr{\"a}gt eine lange Verweilzeit des Arzneistoffes im Zielgewebe, verbunden mit einer langsamen Umverteilung in den systemischen Kreislauf zu einer Wirkungsoptimierung mit gleichzeitiger Minimierung systemischer Nebenwirkungen bei. In-vitro- und ex-vivo-Modelle eignen sich hervorragend zur isolierten Untersuchung solcher pharmakokinetischer Vorg{\"a}nge ohne den Einfluss verschiedener in-vivo-Faktoren, wie der Verteilung in andere Gewebe, Metabolisierungs- oder Eliminationsprozessen. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es daher, Modelle der humanen Lunge zu etablieren bzw. weiterzuentwickeln, die m{\"o}glichst realit{\"a}tsnah die Untersuchung der Pharmakokinetik pulmonal applizierter Wirkstoffe erm{\"o}glichen.},
  subject      = {Pharmakokinetik},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{TrammerKardzievSchmidtetal.2014,
  author    = {Trammer, Beatrice and Kardziev, Boris and Schmidt, Michael and Hoegger, P.},
  title     = {Analysis of fenoterol and ipratropium transfer from human lung tissue into human plasma using a dynamic dialysis model},
  series = {British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research},
  volume    = {4},
  journal   = {British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research},
  number    = {11},
  doi       = {10.9734/BJPR/2014/9993},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-120231},
  pages     = {1287-1299},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Aims: The aim of the current study was to establish a simple and yet as much as possible physiologic approach for a simulation of the pulmonary absorption process to compare different inhaled drugs or drug formulations. Methodology: We designed a dialysis setting that allowed monitoring the drug release from human lung tissue into a continuous-flow plasma compartment. For proof-of-concept experiments we chose the glucocorticoid fluticasone propionate (FP) as model compound. For subsequent experiments we selected a commercially available metered dose inhaler delivering a fixed combination of the short-acting ß2-agonist fenoterol and the muscarinic antagonist ipratropium bromide. Results: With the novel dynamic dialysis model we observed high drug transport rates from the lung tissue into plasma including an elimination phase. The concentration profile in the plasma compartment of our model system was similar to the plasma concentration courses after inhalation of FP. Compared to FP significantly higher drug fractions of fenoterol and ipratropium bromide were released into plasma and the transfer of ipratropium was more pronounced compared to fenoterol. Again, concentration profiles in plasma were alike to those described in clinical studies. Conclusion: We suggest that this model is appropriate for rapid assessment of comparative diffusion behaviour of drugs or drug formulations from lung tissue into plasma.},
  language  = {en}
}