@article{HoltfrerichSchwarzSprengeretal.2016,
  author    = {Holtfrerich, Sarah K. C. and Schwarz, Katharina A. and Sprenger, Christian and Reimers, Luise and Diekhof, Esther K.},
  title     = {Endogenous Testosterone and Exogenous Oxytocin Modulate Attentional Processing of Infant Faces},
  series = {PLoS ONE},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {PLoS ONE},
  number    = {11},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0166617},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-166783},
  pages     = {e0166617},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Evidence indicates that hormones modulate the intensity of maternal care. Oxytocin is known for its positive influence on maternal behavior and its important role for childbirth. In contrast, testosterone promotes egocentric choices and reduces empathy. Further, testosterone decreases during parenthood which could be an adaptation to increased parental investment. The present study investigated the interaction between testosterone and oxytocin in attentional control and their influence on attention to baby schema in women. Higher endogenous testosterone was expected to decrease selective attention to child portraits in a face-in-the-crowd-paradigm, while oxytocin was expected to counteract this effect. As predicted, women with higher salivary testosterone were slower in orienting attention to infant targets in the context of adult distractors. Interestingly, reaction times to infant and adult stimuli decreased after oxytocin administration, but only in women with high endogenous testosterone. These results suggest that oxytocin may counteract the adverse effects of testosterone on a central aspect of social behavior and maternal caretaking.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchwarzWeller2023,
  author    = {Schwarz, Katharina A. and Weller, Lisa},
  title     = {Distracted to a fault: attention, actions, and time perception},
  series = {Attention, Perception, \& Psychophysics},
  volume    = {85},
  journal   = {Attention, Perception, \& Psychophysics},
  number    = {2},
  doi       = {10.3758/s13414-022-02632-x},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-324936},
  pages     = {301-314},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {In the last years, it has become general consensus that actions change our time perception. Performing an action to elicit a specific event seems to lead to a systematic underestimation of the interval between action and effect, a phenomenon termed temporal (or previously intentional) binding. Temporal binding has been closely associated with sense of agency, our perceived control over our actions and our environment, and because of its robust behavioral effects has indeed been widely utilized as an implicit correlate of sense of agency. The most robust and clear temporal binding effects are typically found via Libet clock paradigms. In the present study, we investigate a crucial methodological confound in these paradigms that provides an alternative explanation for temporal binding effects: a redirection of attentional resources in two-event sequences (as in classical operant conditions) versus singular events (as in classical baseline conditions). Our results indicate that binding effects in Libet clock paradigms may be based to a large degree on such attentional processes, irrespective of intention or action-effect sequences. Thus, these findings challenge many of the previously drawn conclusions and interpretations with regard to actions and time perception.},
  language  = {en}
}