@phdthesis{Lauer2009,
  author    = {Lauer, Patrick},
  title     = {Quantitative EEG-Analyse bei adulten ADHS-Patienten},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-45970},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {Bei ADHS (Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit- / Hyperaktivit{\"a}tsst{\"o}rung) handelt es sich um eine meist im Kindesalter beginnende psychiatrische Erkrankung, die die betroffenen Menschen meist bis ins erwachsene Alter begleitet. In den letzten Jahrzehnten wurden viele Untersuchungen an Kindern, welche an ADHS erkrankt waren, durchgef{\"u}hrt. Es zeigten sich Ver{\"a}nderungen in der Power verschiedener Frequenzbereiche. Im Vergleich mit gesunden Kindern zeigten die jungen ADHS Patienten eine Zunahme an langsamer Wellenaktivit{\"a}t, sowie eine Abnahme der schnellen Wellenaktivit{\"a}t. {\"A}hnliche Studien mit erwachsenen ADHS- Patienten sind dagegen seltener durchgef{\"u}hrt worden. Dabei wurde, analog zu den Kinderstudien, eine Zunahme der langsamen Wellenaktivit{\"a}t festgestellt. Im Gegensatz zu den Kindern, wurde bei den Erwachsenen zus{\"a}tzlich eine Zunahme der Alphaaktivit{\"a}t beobachtet. Des Weiteren stimmten die Ergebnisse bez{\"u}glich der zunehmenden Aktivit{\"a}t des Betabandes ebenso nicht {\"u}berein, wie die fronto- zentral normale und parietal verminderte Betaaktivit{\"a}t bei erwachsenen ADHS- Patienten. Aus diesem Grund verfolgt die vorliegende Studie das Ziel, Unterschiede in den EEG- Frequenzb{\"a}ndern zwischen erwachsenen ADHS- Patienten und einer Kontrollgruppe herauszuarbeiten. Dazu wurden EEG- Frequenzen von 31 an ADHS erkrankten Erwachsenen, mit denen von 31 gesunden Kontrollpersonen verglichen. Die beiden Gruppen unterschieden sich im Durchschnitt nicht hinsichtlich Alter, Geschlecht und H{\"a}ndigkeit. Ein Ruhe- EEG wurde, f{\"u}r jeweils zweimal 5 min pro Proband, mit Hilfe von 21 Elektroden abgeleitet. Die Elektroden wurden gem{\"a}ß des international anerkannten 10-20 Systems angebracht. Die auf diese Weise aufgezeichneten Daten wurden zun{\"a}chst mit dem Programm Brain Vision Analyzer bearbeitet. Anschließend wurde die Summe der einzelnen Frequenzb{\"a}nder mit Hilfe von FFT (Fast Fourier Transformation) in ihre Einzelb{\"a}nder zerlegt. Jedes Frequenzband wurde einzeln hinsichtlich absoluter Power analysiert. Die ADHS Patienten zeigten eine signifikante Zunahme der Power im Alpha- und Thetaband. Keine Unterschiede wurden f{\"u}r das Betaband ausgemacht. Unsere Studie zeigt, dass die Abnormalit{\"a}ten innerhalb des EEG-Power-Spektrums bei an ADHS erkrankten Erwachsenen nicht mit denen der an ADHS erkrankten Kinder {\"u}bereinstimmen. Die power density des Alpha- und des Thetabandes k{\"o}nnte ein zuverl{\"a}ssiges Kriterium darstellen, um gesunde und an ADHS erkrankte Erwachsene zu unterscheiden. In einem weiteren Ansatz sollte ein Zusammenhang zwischen der ADHS- Symptomatik und EEG- Power bei 163 Gesunden untersucht werden. Die eventuell vorhandene ADHS- Symptomatik wurde anhand des ASRS- Fragebogens (Adult Self- Report Scale) ermittelt. {\"U}ber einen Auswertungsschl{\"u}ssel kann zum einen die Neigung zu Unaufmerksamkeit, zum anderen zu Hyperaktivit{\"a}t/ Impulsivit{\"a}t aufgezeigt werden. Die Ableitung des EEG erfolgte nach der oben erw{\"a}hnten Methode. Die Ergebnisse, die die Korrelation zwischen Kontrollgruppe und Fragebogen betreffen, m{\"u}ssen als wenig aussagekr{\"a}ftig beurteilt werden. L{\"a}sst man innerhalb dieser Studie das Geschlecht außen vor, so wird deutlich, dass nahezu keine signifikanten Zusammenh{\"a}nge vorliegen. Unter Ber{\"u}cksichtigung des Geschlechts konnten wir bei gesunden Frauen, {\"a}hnlich wie Morgan et al. (2005), mehr Delta- und Betaaktivit{\"a}t als bei den gesunden, m{\"a}nnlichen Probanden messen. Im Vergleich zwischen Kontrollgruppe und Patienten konnten wir keine geschlechtsspezifischen Unterschiede ausmachen. Deswegen vermuten wir, dass sich geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede zwischen Erkrankten und Gesunden im Erwachsenenalter vermindern (Clarke et al. 2001b) Basierend auf unseren Ergebnissen scheinen Langzeitstudien f{\"u}r ADHS Patienten sinnvoll, um die Unterschiede von EEG- Abnormit{\"a}ten w{\"a}hrend des Heranwachens zu erforschen und zu ber{\"u}cksichtigen.},
  subject      = {Aufmerksamkeits-Defizit-Syndrom},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{HartmannLessnerMentzeletal.2014,
  author    = {Hartmann, Stefan and Lessner, Grit and Mentzel, Thomas and K{\"u}bler, Alexander C. and M{\"u}ller-Richter, Urs},
  title     = {An adult spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma in the head and neck region with long-term survival: a case report},
  doi       = {10.1186/1752-1947-8-208},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-110362},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Introduction Spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma of the head and neck is a very rare tumor in adults. We report on one case with long-term survival. Case presentation A 41-year-old nonsmoking Caucasian man presented in June 2007 with a painless swelling under his tongue. A diagnosis of a soft tissue sarcoma, and a myofibrosarcoma in particular, was made via biopsy. After multimodal treatment, including local and systemic therapy, our patient remained disease-free until September 2010. The local recurrence was treated unsuccessfully with various chemotherapy regimens. In September 2011, our patient underwent surgical resection again, and a spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma was diagnosed. To analyze the mismatch between the original diagnosis of a myofibrosarcoma and the second diagnosis, the two specimens were reassessed, and a final diagnosis of a spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma was made. In 2012 and 2013, our patient suffered further recurrences that were surgically treated, and he is still alive with disease six years and 10 months after the initial diagnosis in June 2007. Conclusions In adults, the spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma tumor is very rare in the head and neck region. In contrast to childhood tumors, spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma in adulthood is often associated with a poor prognosis. In the present case, the radical surgical treatment might have helped to prolong the patient's overall survival, which has lasted more than six years. To our knowledge, this is the longest overall survival reported so far for this tumor entity in the head and neck region.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ZieglerRichterMahretal.2016,
  author    = {Ziegler, C. and Richter, J. and Mahr, M. and Gajewska, A. and Schiele, M.A. and Gehrmann, A. and Schmidt, B. and Lesch, K.-P. and Lang, T. and Helbig-Lang, S. and Pauli, P. and Kircher, T. and Reif, A. and Rief, W. and Vossbeck-Elsebusch, A.N. and Arolt, V. and Wittchen, H.-U. and Hamm, A.O. and Deckert, J. and Domschke, K.},
  title     = {MAOA gene hypomethylation in panic disorder-reversibility of an epigenetic risk pattern by psychotherapy},
  series = {Translational Psychiatry},
  journal   = {Translational Psychiatry},
  number    = {6},
  doi       = {10.1038/tp.2016.41},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-164422},
  pages     = {e773},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Epigenetic signatures such as methylation of the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene have been found to be altered in panic disorder (PD). Hypothesizing temporal plasticity of epigenetic processes as a mechanism of successful fear extinction, the present psychotherapy-epigenetic study for we believe the first time investigated MAOA methylation changes during the course of exposure-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in PD. MAOA methylation was compared between N=28 female Caucasian PD patients (discovery sample) and N=28 age- and sex-matched healthy controls via direct sequencing of sodium bisulfite-treated DNA extracted from blood cells. MAOA methylation was furthermore analyzed at baseline (T0) and after a 6-week CBT (T1) in the discovery sample parallelized by a waiting time in healthy controls, as well as in an independent sample of female PD patients (N=20). Patients exhibited lower MAOA methylation than healthy controls (P<0.001), and baseline PD severity correlated negatively with MAOA methylation (P=0.01). In the discovery sample, MAOA methylation increased up to the level of healthy controls along with CBT response (number of panic attacks; T0-T1: +3.37±2.17\%), while non-responders further decreased in methylation (-2.00±1.28\%; P=0.001). In the replication sample, increases in MAOA methylation correlated with agoraphobic symptom reduction after CBT (P=0.02-0.03). The present results support previous evidence for MAOA hypomethylation as a PD risk marker and suggest reversibility of MAOA hypomethylation as a potential epigenetic correlate of response to CBT. The emerging notion of epigenetic signatures as a mechanism of action of psychotherapeutic interventions may promote epigenetic patterns as biomarkers of lasting extinction effects.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BrevikvanDonkelaarWeberetal.2016,
  author    = {Brevik, Erlend J and van Donkelaar, Marjolein M. J. and Weber, Heike and S{\´a}nchez-Mora, Cristina and Jacob, Christian and Rivero, Olga and Kittel-Schneider, Sarah and Garcia-martinez, Iris and Aebi, Marcel and van Hulzen, Kimm and Cormand, Bru and Ramos-Quiroga, Josep A and Lesch, Klaus-Peter and Reif, Andreas and Ribases, Marta and Franke, Barbara and Posserud, Maj-Britt and Johansson, Stefan and Lundervold, Astri J. and Haavik, Jan and Zayats, Tetyana},
  title     = {Genome-wide analyses of aggressiveness in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder},
  series = {American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B-Neuropsychiatric Genetics},
  volume    = {171B},
  journal   = {American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B-Neuropsychiatric Genetics},
  number    = {5},
  organization    = {IMAGE Consortium},
  doi       = {10.1002/ajmg.b.32434},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-188116},
  pages     = {733-747},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Aggressiveness is a behavioral trait that has the potential to be harmful to individuals and society. With an estimated heritability of about 40\%, genetics is important in its development. We performed an exploratory genome-wide association (GWA) analysis of childhood aggressiveness in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to gain insight into the underlying biological processes associated with this trait. Our primary sample consisted of 1,060 adult ADHD patients (aADHD). To further explore the genetic architecture of childhood aggressiveness, we performed enrichment analyses of suggestive genome-wide associations observed in aADHD among GWA signals of dimensions of oppositionality (defiant/vindictive and irritable dimensions) in childhood ADHD (cADHD). No single polymorphism reached genome-wide significance (P<5.00E-08). The strongest signal in aADHD was observed at rs10826548, within a long noncoding RNA gene (beta = -1.66, standard error (SE) = 0.34, P = 1.07E-06), closely followed by rs35974940 in the neurotrimin gene (beta = 3.23, SE = 0.67, P = 1.26E-06). The top GWA SNPs observed in aADHD showed significant enrichment of signals from both the defiant/vindictive dimension (Fisher's P-value = 2.28E-06) and the irritable dimension in cADHD (Fisher's P-value = 0.0061). In sum, our results identify a number of biologically interesting markers possibly underlying childhood aggressiveness and provide targets for further genetic exploration of aggressiveness across psychiatric disorders.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HuesteggeHerbortGoschetal.2019,
  author    = {Huestegge, Lynn and Herbort, Oliver and Gosch, Nora and Kunde, Wilfried and Pieczykolan, Aleks},
  title     = {Free-choice saccades and their underlying determinants: explorations of high-level voluntary oculomotor control},
  series = {Journal of Vision},
  volume    = {19},
  journal   = {Journal of Vision},
  number    = {3},
  doi       = {10.1167/19.3.14},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-201493},
  pages     = {14},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Models of eye-movement control distinguish between different control levels, ranging from automatic (bottom-up, stimulus-driven selection) and automatized (based on well-learned routines) to voluntary (top-down, goal-driven selection, e.g., based on instructions). However, one type of voluntary control has yet only been examined in the manual and not in the oculomotor domain, namely free-choice selection among arbitrary targets, that is, targets that are of equal interest from both a bottom-up and top-down processing perspective. Here, we ask which features of targets (identity- or location-related) are used to determine such oculomotor free-choice behavior. In two experiments, participants executed a saccade to one of four peripheral targets in three different choice conditions: unconstrained free choice, constrained free choice based on target identity (color), and constrained free choice based on target location. The analysis of choice frequencies revealed that unconstrained free-choice selection closely resembled constrained choice based on target location. The results suggest that free-choice oculomotor control is mainly guided by spatial (location-based) target characteristics. We explain these results by assuming that participants tend to avoid less parsimonious recoding of target-identity representations into spatial codes, the latter being a necessary prerequisite to configure oculomotor commands.},
  language  = {en}
}