@phdthesis{Schewe2020,
  author    = {Schewe, Victoria Kristina},
  title     = {Mikrokernbildung in Mundschleimhautzellen von Patienten mit Kopf-Hals-Tumoren w{\"a}hrend Radio-/Radiochemotherapie},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-21535},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-215354},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war die Mikrokernbildung in Mundschleimhautzellen von 35 Patienten mit Kopf-Hals-Tumoren w{\"a}hrend einer sechsw{\"o}chigen Radio-/Radiochemotherapie und sechs Wochen danach darzustellen. Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Arbeit zeigten, dass Patienten mit Kopf-Hals-Tumoren im Vergleich zu gesunden Probanden erh{\"o}hte Mikrokernraten aufwiesen. Ebenfalls konnte gezeigt werden, dass es zu einer vermehrten Bildung von Mikrokernen w{\"a}hrend einer sechsw{\"o}chigen Radio-/Radiochemotherapie kam. Nach Therapiebeendigung sanken die Werte nach drei bis sechs Wochen und lagen unter dem Ausgangswert, in dem Bereich von spontan entstehenden Mikrokernen. In Bezug auf die Tumorgr{\"o}ße konnte nur in der zweiten Woche ein signifikanter Unterschied in der Mikrokernrate zwischen T1- und T4-Stadium beobachtet werden. Es konnte keine Korrelation zwischen einer zus{\"a}tzlich verabreichten Chemotherapie, Grading des Tumors, Alter sowie Geschlecht der Patienten und einem Anstieg der Mikrokernrate festgestellt werden.},
  subject      = {Kleinkern},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{ShuklaMannheim2020,
  author    = {Shukla, A. and Mannheim, K.},
  title     = {Gamma-ray flares from relativistic magnetic reconnection in the jet of the quasar 3C 279},
  series = {Nature Communications},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Nature Communications},
  doi       = {10.1038/s41467-020-17912-z},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-231328},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Spinning black holes in the centres of galaxies can release powerful magnetised jets. When the jets are observed at angles of less than a few degrees to the line-of-sight, they are called blazars, showing variable non-thermal emission across the electromagnetic spectrum from radio waves to gamma rays. It is commonly believed that shock waves are responsible for this dissipation of jet energy. Here we show that gamma-ray observations of the blazar 3C 279 with the space-borne telescope Fermi-LAT reveal a characteristic peak-in-peak variability pattern on time scales of minutes expected if the particle acceleration is instead due to relativistic magnetic reconnection. The absence of gamma-ray pair attenuation shows that particle acceleration takes place at a distance of ten thousand gravitational radii from the black hole where the fluid dynamical kink instability drives plasma turbulence.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{IUedaWoersdoerferetal.2020,
  author    = {I, Takashi and Ueda, Yuichiro and W{\"o}rsd{\"o}rfer, Philipp and Sumita, Yoshinori and Asahina, Izumi and Erg{\"u}n, S{\"u}leyman},
  title     = {Resident CD34-positive cells contribute to peri-endothelial cells and vascular morphogenesis in salivary gland after irradiation},
  series = {Journal of Neural Transmission},
  volume    = {127},
  journal   = {Journal of Neural Transmission},
  issn      = {0300-9564},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00702-020-02256-1},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-235613},
  pages     = {1467-1479},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Salivary gland (SG) hypofunction is a common post-radiotherapy complication. Besides the parenchymal damage after irradiation (IR), there are also effects on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which were shown to contribute to regeneration and repair of damaged tissues by differentiating into stromal cell types or releasing vesicles and soluble factors supporting the healing processes. However, there are no adequate reports about their roles during SG damage and regeneration so far. Using an irradiated SG mouse model, we performed certain immunostainings on tissue sections of submandibular glands at different time points after IR. Immunostaining for CD31 revealed that already one day after IR, vascular impairment was induced at the level of capillaries. In addition, the expression of CD44—a marker of acinar cells—diminished gradually after IR and, by 20 weeks, almost disappeared. In contrast, the number of CD34-positive cells significantly increased 4 weeks after IR and some of the CD34-positive cells were found to reside within the adventitia of arteries and veins. Laser confocal microscopic analyses revealed an accumulation of CD34-positive cells within the area of damaged capillaries where they were in close contact to the CD31-positive endothelial cells. At 4 weeks after IR, a fraction of the CD34-positive cells underwent differentiation into α-SMA-positive cells, which suggests that they may contribute to regeneration of smooth muscle cells and/or pericytes covering the small vessels from the outside. In conclusion, SG-resident CD34-positive cells represent a population of progenitors that could contribute to new vessel formation and/or remodeling of the pre-existing vessels after IR and thus, might be an important player during SG tissue healing.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FathyFawzyHintzscheetal.2019,
  author    = {Fathy, Moustafa and Fawzy, Michael Atef and Hintzsche, Henning and Nikaido, Toshio and Dandekar, Thomas and Othman, Eman M.},
  title     = {Eugenol exerts apoptotic effect and modulates the sensitivity of HeLa cells to cisplatin and radiation},
  series = {Molecules},
  volume    = {24},
  journal   = {Molecules},
  number    = {21},
  issn      = {1420-3049},
  doi       = {10.3390/molecules24213979},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-193227},
  pages     = {3979},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Eugenol is a phytochemical present in different plant products, e.g., clove oil. Traditionally, it is used against a number of different disorders and it was suggested to have anticancer activity. In this study, the activity of eugenol was evaluated in a human cervical cancer (HeLa) cell line and cell proliferation was examined after treatment with various concentrations of eugenol and different treatment durations. Cytotoxicity was tested using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme leakage. In order to assess eugenol's potential to act synergistically with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, cell survival was calculated after eugenol treatment in combination with cisplatin and X-rays. To elucidate its mechanism of action, caspase-3 activity was analyzed and the expression of various genes and proteins was checked by RT-PCR and western blot analyses. Eugenol clearly decreased the proliferation rate and increased LDH release in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. It showed synergistic effects with cisplatin and X-rays. Eugenol increased caspase-3 activity and the expression of Bax, cytochrome c (Cyt-c), caspase-3, and caspase-9 and decreased the expression of B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2, cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) indicating that eugenol mainly induced cell death by apoptosis. In conclusion, eugenol showed antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects via apoptosis and also synergism with cisplatin and ionizing radiation in the human cervical cancer cell line.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DrozdSaenkoBrenneretal.2015,
  author    = {Drozd, Valentina M. and Saenko, Vladimir A. and Brenner, Alina V. and Drozdovitch, Vladimir and Pashkevich, Vasilii I. and Kudelsky, Anatoliy V. and Demidchik, Yuri E. and Branovan, Igor and Shiglik, Nikolay},
  title     = {Major Factors Affecting Incidence of Childhood Thyroid Cancer in Belarus after the Chernobyl Accident: Do Nitrates in Drinking Water Play a Role?},
  series = {PLoS One},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {PLoS One},
  number    = {9},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0137226},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-141863},
  pages     = {e0137226},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {One of the major health consequences of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident in 1986 was a dramatic increase in incidence of thyroid cancer among those who were aged less than 18 years at the time of the accident. This increase has been directly linked in several analytic epidemiological studies to iodine-131 (I-131) thyroid doses received from the accident. However, there remains limited understanding of factors that modify the I-131-related risk. Focusing on post-Chernobyl pediatric thyroid cancer in Belarus, we reviewed evidence of the effects of radiation, thyroid screening, and iodine deficiency on regional differences in incidence rates of thyroid cancer. We also reviewed current evidence on content of nitrate in groundwater and thyroid cancer risk drawing attention to high levels of nitrates in open well water in several contaminated regions of Belarus, i.e. Gomel and Brest, related to the usage of nitrogen fertilizers. In this hypothesis generating study, based on ecological data and biological plausibility, we suggest that nitrate pollution may modify the radiation-related risk of thyroid cancer contributing to regional differences in rates of pediatric thyroid cancer in Belarus. Analytic epidemiological studies designed to evaluate joint effect of nitrate content in groundwater and radiation present a promising avenue of research and may provide useful insights into etiology of thyroid cancer.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchieflerPiontekDoescheretal.2014,
  author    = {Schiefler, Carlotta and Piontek, Guido and Doescher, Johannes and Schuettler, Dominik and Mißlbeck, Martin and Rudelius, Martina and Haug, Anna and Reiter, Rudolf and Brockhoff, Gero and Pickhard, Anja},
  title     = {Inhibition of SphK1 reduces radiation-induced migration and enhances sensitivity to cetuximab treatment by affecting the EGFR/SphK1 crosstalk},
  series = {Oncotarget},
  volume    = {5},
  journal   = {Oncotarget},
  number    = {20},
  issn      = {1949-2553},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-120929},
  pages     = {9877-9888},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {SphK1 is known to play a role in tumor progression, resistance to radiochemotherapy, and migration patterns. As the overall survival rates of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) remain poor due to limitations in surgery and irradiation and chemotherapy resistance, SphK1 is an important enzyme to investigate. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the impact of SphK1 on irradiation efficacy of HNSCC in-vitro with emphasis on EGFR signaling. By immunhistochemical staining we found a positive correlation between EGFR and SphK1 expression in patient specimens. In colony formation assays irradiation sensitive cell lines showed a poor response to cetuximab, an EGFR inhibitor, and SKI-II, a SphK1 inhibitor, and vice versa. In irradiation sensitive cells an enhanced reduction of cell migration and survival was found upon simultaneous targeting of EGFR and SphK1. In the present study, we elucidated a linkage between the two signaling pathways with regard to the efficacy of cetuximab treatment and the impact on the migration behavior of tumor cells. We investigated the biological impact of inhibiting these pathways and examined the biochemical implications after different treatments. An understanding of the processes involved could help to improve the treatment of patients with HNSCC.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{VainioValtonenHeberetal.2013,
  author    = {Vainio, Rami and Valtonen, Eino and Heber, Bernd and Malandraki, Olga E. and Papaioannou, Athanasios and Klein, Karl-Ludwig and Afanasiev, Alexander and Agueda, Neus and Aurass, Henry and Battarbee, Markus and Braune, Stephan and Dr{\"o}ge, Wolfgang and Ganse, Urs and Hamadache, Clarisse and Heynderickx, Daniel and Huttunen-Heikinmaa, Kalle and Kiener, J{\"u}rgen and Kilian, Patrick and Kopp, Andreas and Kouloumvakos, Athanasios and Maisala, Sami and Mishev, Alexander and Miteva, Rosita and Nindos, Alexander and Oittinen, Tero and Raukunen, Osku and Riihonen, Esa and Rodriguez-Gasen, Rosa and Saloniemi, Oskari and Sanahuja, Blai and Scherer, Renate and Spanier, Felix and Tatischeff, Vincent and Tziotziou, Kostas and Usoskin, Ilya G. and Vilmer, Nicole},
  title     = {The first SEPServer event catalogue similar to ~68-MeV solar proton events observed at 1 AU in 1996-2010},
  series = {Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate},
  volume    = {3},
  journal   = {Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate},
  number    = {A12},
  issn      = {2115-7251},
  doi       = {10.1051/swsc/2013030},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-122847},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {SEPServer is a three-year collaborative project funded by the seventh framework programme (FP7-SPACE) of the European Union. The objective of the project is to provide access to state-of-the-art observations and analysis tools for the scientific community on solar energetic particle (SEP) events and related electromagnetic (EM) emissions. The project will eventually lead to better understanding of the particle acceleration and transport processes at the Sun and in the inner heliosphere. These processes lead to SEP events that form one of the key elements of space weather. In this paper we present the first results from the systematic analysis work performed on the following datasets: SOHO/ERNE, SOHO/EPHIN, ACE/EPAM, Wind/WAVES and GOES X-rays. A catalogue of SEP events at 1 AU, with complete coverage over solar cycle 23, based on high-energy (similar to 68-MeV) protons from SOHO/ERNE and electron recordings of the events by SOHO/EPHIN and ACE/EPAM are presented. A total of 115 energetic particle events have been identified and analysed using velocity dispersion analysis (VDA) for protons and time-shifting analysis (TSA) for electrons and protons in order to infer the SEP release times at the Sun. EM observations during the times of the SEP event onset have been gathered and compared to the release time estimates of particles. Data from those events that occurred during the European day-time, i.e., those that also have observations from ground-based observatories included in SEPServer, are listed and a preliminary analysis of their associations is presented. We find that VDA results for protons can be a useful tool for the analysis of proton release times, but if the derived proton path length is out of a range of 1 AU < s less than or similar to 3 AU, the result of the analysis may be compromised, as indicated by the anti-correlation of the derived path length and release time delay from the associated X-ray flare. The average path length derived from VDA is about 1.9 times the nominal length of the spiral magnetic field line. This implies that the path length of first-arriving MeV to deka-MeV protons is affected by interplanetary scattering. TSA of near-relativistic electrons results in a release time that shows significant scatter with respect to the EM emissions but with a trend of being delayed more with increasing distance between the flare and the nominal footpoint of the Earth-connected field line.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Ebel2006,
  author    = {Ebel, Christian},
  title     = {Der Einfluss des Implantatlagers auf die Erfolgsquote enossaler Implantate - Eine Nachuntersuchung des betreffenden Patientenkollektivs mit BoneLock®-Implantaten an der Klinik und Poliklinik f{\"u}r Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie der Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-19019},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Die Versorgung von Patienten mit konventioneller Prothetik st{\"o}ßt an ihre Grenzen, wenn diese anatomische Ver{\"a}nderungen der oralen Hart- und Weichgewebe aufweisen. Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumen-Spalten, Tumoren, entz{\"u}ndliche Erkrankungen und Traumata k{\"o}nnen mitunter erhebliche Knochendefekte in Ober- und Unterkiefer verursachen. Auch durch Atrophie kann die F{\"a}higkeit der oralen Gewebe einen Zahnersatz zufrieden stellend zu tragen deutlich eingeschr{\"a}nkt werden. Durch ein chirurgisch-implantat-prothetisches Behandlungskonzept k{\"o}nnen derartig betroffene Patienten eine kaufunktionelle und {\"a}sthetische Rehabilitation erfahren. An der Klinik und Poliklinik f{\"u}r Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie der Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg wurden sowohl gesunden Patienten als auch Tumorpatienten Implantate vom Typ BoneLock® eingesetzt. Zahlreiche Patienten mit unzureichenden Kieferknochen erhielten zuvor eine Rekonstruktion bzw. Augmentation mit autogenen oder allogenen Knochentransplantaten. In diesem Behandlungskonzept schneidet das BoneLock®-Implantat f{\"u}r das gesamte Patientenkollektiv mit einer nach dem Verfahren von KAPLAN \& MEIER ermittelten Erfolgsquote von 87,7 \% nach 5 Jahren und 78,4 \% nach 10 Jahren {\"a}hnlich gut ab wie andere Implantatsysteme. Es bestehen keine signifikanten Erfolgsunterschiede zwischen gesunden Patienten (77,4 \% nach 10 Jahren) und Tumorpatienten (80,6 \% nach 10 Jahren). Unter besonderer Ber{\"u}cksichtigung stehen in dieser Arbeit die verschiedenen Implantatlager. Weder bestrahlter (94,0 \% nach 5 Jahren) noch transplantierter Knochen (96,6 \% nach 5 Jahren) zeigt gegen{\"u}ber nativem Kieferknochen (84,6 \% nach 5 Jahren) einen signifikanten Unterschied bez{\"u}glich der Erfolgswahrscheinlichkeit. In erster Linie sind pathologische Ursachen, wie bindegewebige Einheilung (33,7 \%) und Periimplantitis (26,9 \%) als Gr{\"u}nde f{\"u}r einen Implantatverlust anzuf{\"u}hren. Um Ver{\"a}nderungen am Implantatlager und am periimplant{\"a}ren Weichgewebe rechtzeitig erkennen und beurteilen zu k{\"o}nnen, wurden verschiedene Indizes im Rahmen der Implantat-Nachsorge aufgenommen. Die Untersuchungen ergaben eine gute, aber mit der Zeit etwas nachlassende Pflege der Implantate. Durchschnittlich zeigte sich eine minimale bis geringgradige Entz{\"u}ndung der Mukosa, die mit einer leicht zunehmenden Taschensondierung einhergeht. Die Beurteilung des periimplant{\"a}ren Knochens ergab nur einen geringf{\"u}gigen Abbau des Knochens. Lediglich zwischen Implantation und prothetischer Versorgung waren h{\"o}here Resorptionen zu ermitteln. Zwischen den unterschiedlichen Implantatlagern (nativ, bestrahlt, transplantiert) bestehen keine signifikanten Unterschiede. Die implantat-prothetische Versorgung ist als erfolgreiche Alternative zur konventionellen Prothetik schon seit geraumer Zeit bekannt und wird durch die aktuellen Ergebnisse erneut best{\"a}tigt. Die vorliegende Studie zeigt dar{\"u}ber hinaus, dass auch bei Tumorpatienten, sowohl im rekonstruierten als auch bestrahlten Knochen, ein implantatverankerter Zahnersatz mit gleich großem Erfolg m{\"o}glich ist. Dadurch besteht die M{\"o}glichkeit einer weitgehenden kaufunktionellen und {\"a}sthetischen Rehabilitation dieser h{\"a}ufig durch die Tumorresektion in starke Mitleidenschaft gezogenen Personen. Insbesondere bei voran gegangener Radiatio ist jedoch bei diesen Patienten noch mehr Aufmerksamkeit der Planung, der Implantatinsertion, der Einheilung, der Anfertigung des Zahnersatzes und der Nachsorge zu widmen als bei gesunden Menschen. {\"A}hnlich hohe Erfolgsaussichten gelten auch f{\"u}r Patienten, die wegen unzureichendem Implantatlager vor der Implantation eine Augmentation ihrer Kieferknochen erhielten.},
  language  = {de}
}