@article{RennerOttoKuebleretal.2023,
  author    = {Renner, Tobias and Otto, Paul and K{\"u}bler, Alexander C. and H{\"o}lscher-Doht, Stefanie and Gbureck, Uwe},
  title     = {Novel adhesive mineral-organic bone cements based on phosphoserine and magnesium phosphates or oxides},
  series = {Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine},
  volume    = {34},
  journal   = {Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine},
  doi       = {10.1007/s10856-023-06714-6},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-357342},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Present surgical situations require a bone adhesive which has not yet been developed for use in clinical applications. Recently, phosphoserine modified cements (PMC) based on mixtures of o-phosphoserine (OPLS) and calcium phosphates, such as tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) or α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) as well as chelate setting magnesium phosphate cements have gained increasing popularity for their use as mineral bone adhesives. Here, we investigated new mineral-organic bone cements based on phosphoserine and magnesium phosphates or oxides, which possess excellent adhesive properties. These were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, Fourier infrared spectroscopy and electron microscopy and subjected to mechanical tests to determine the bond strength to bone after ageing at physiological conditions. The novel biomineral adhesives demonstrate excellent bond strength to bone with approximately 6.6-7.3 MPa under shear load. The adhesives are also promising due to their cohesive failure pattern and ductile character. In this context, the new adhesive cements are superior to currently prevailing bone adhesives. Future efforts on bone adhesives made from phosphoserine and Mg2+ appear to be very worthwhile.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BruecknerMeiningerGrolletal.2019,
  author    = {Br{\"u}ckner, Theresa and Meininger, Markus and Groll, J{\"u}rgen and K{\"u}bler, Alexander C. and Gbureck, Uwe},
  title     = {Magnesium Phosphate Cement as Mineral Bone Adhesive},
  series = {Materials},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Materials},
  number    = {23},
  issn      = {1996-1944},
  doi       = {10.3390/ma12233819},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-193052},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Mineral bone cements were actually not developed for their application as bone-bonding agents, but as bone void fillers. In particular, calcium phosphate cements (CPC) are considered to be unsuitable for that application, particularly under moist conditions. Here, we showed the ex vivo ability of different magnesium phosphate cements (MPC) to adhere on bovine cortical bone substrates. The cements were obtained from a mixture of farringtonite (Mg\(_3\)(PO\(_4\))\(_2\)) with different amounts of phytic acid (C\(_6\)H\(_{18}\)O\(_{24}\)P\(_6\), inositol hexaphosphate, IP6), whereas cement setting occurred by a chelation reaction between Mg\(^{2+}\) ions and IP6. We were able to show that cements with 25\% IP6 and a powder-to-liquid ratio (PLR) of 2.0 g/mL resulted in shear strengths of 0.81 ± 0.12 MPa on bone even after 7 d storage in aqueous conditions. The samples showed a mixed adhesive-cohesive failure with cement residues on the bone surface as indicated by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. The presented material demonstrated appropriate bonding characteristics, which could enable a broadening of the mineral bone cements' application field to bone adhesives},
  language  = {en}
}