@article{ElHawarySayedMohammedetal.2019,
  author    = {El-Hawary, Seham S. and Sayed, Ahmed M. and Mohammed, Rabab and Hassan, Hossam M. and Rateb, Mostafa E. and Amin, Elham and Mohammed, Tarek A. and El-Mesery, Mohamed and Bin Muhsinah, Abdullatif and Alsayari, Abdulrhman and Wajant, Harald and Anany, Mohamed A. and Abdelmohsen, Usama Ramadan},
  title     = {Bioactive brominated oxindole alkaloids from the Red Sea sponge Callyspongia siphonella},
  series = {Marine Drugs},
  volume    = {17},
  journal   = {Marine Drugs},
  number    = {8},
  doi       = {10.3390/md17080465},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-201485},
  pages     = {465},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {In the present study, LC-HRESIMS-assisted dereplication along with bioactivity-guided isolation led to targeting two brominated oxindole alkaloids (compounds 1 and 2) which probably play a key role in the previously reported antibacterial, antibiofilm, and cytotoxicity of Callyspongia siphonella crude extracts. Both metabolites showed potent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 8 and 4 µg/mL) and Bacillus subtilis (MIC = 16 and 4 µg/mL), respectively. Furthermore, they displayed moderate biofilm inhibitory activity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (49.32\% and 41.76\% inhibition, respectively), and moderate in vitro antitrypanosomal activity (13.47 and 10.27 µM, respectively). In addition, they revealed a strong cytotoxic effect toward different human cancer cell lines, supposedly through induction of necrosis. This study sheds light on the possible role of these metabolites (compounds 1 and 2) in keeping fouling organisms away from the sponge outer surface, and the possible applications of these defensive molecules in the development of new anti-infective agents.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EspinaPaganLopezetal.2015,
  author    = {Espina, Laura and Pag{\´a}n, Rafael and L{\´o}pez, Daniel and Garc{\´i}a-Gonzalo, Diego},
  title     = {Individual Constituents from Essential Oils Inhibit Biofilm Mass Production by Multi-Drug Resistant Staphylococcus aureus},
  series = {Molecules},
  volume    = {20},
  journal   = {Molecules},
  doi       = {10.3390/molecules200611357},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-151845},
  pages     = {11357 -- 11372},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {Biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus represents a problem in both the medical field and the food industry, because the biofilm structure provides protection to embedded cells and it strongly attaches to surfaces. This circumstance is leading to many research programs seeking new alternatives to control biofilm formation by this pathogen. In this study we show that a potent inhibition of biofilm mass production can be achieved in community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive strains using plant compounds, such as individual constituents (ICs) of essential oils (carvacrol, citral, and (+)-limonene). The Crystal Violet staining technique was used to evaluate biofilm mass formation during 40 h of incubation. Carvacrol is the most effective IC, abrogating biofilm formation in all strains tested, while CA-MRSA was the most sensitive phenotype to any of the ICs tested. Inhibition of planktonic cells by ICs during initial growth stages could partially explain the inhibition of biofilm formation. Overall, our results show the potential of EOs to prevent biofilm formation, especially in strains that exhibit resistance to other antimicrobials. As these compounds are food additives generally recognized as safe, their anti-biofilm properties may lead to important new applications, such as sanitizers, in the food industry or in clinical settings.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Meininger2022,
  author    = {Meininger, Markus},
  title     = {Calcium hydroxide as antibacterial implant coating},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-26112},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-261122},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {In modern medicine hip and knee joint replacement are common surgical procedures. However, about 11 \% of hip implants and about 7 \% of knee implants need re-operations. The comparison of implant registers revealed two major indications for re-operations: aseptic loosening and implant infections, that both severely impact the patients' health and are an economic burden for the health care system. To address these problems, a calcium hydroxide coating on titanium was investigated in this thesis. Calcium hydroxide is a well-known antibacterial agent and used with success in dentistry. The coatings were applied with electrochemically assisted deposition, a versatile tool that combines easiness of process with the ability to coat complex geometries homogeneously. The pH-gradient during coating was investigated and showed the surface confinement of the coating process. Surface pre-treatment altered the surface morphology and chemistry of the titanium substrates and was shown to affect the morphology of the calcium hydroxide coatings. The influence of the coating parameters stirring speed and current pulsing were examined in various configurations and combinations and could also affect the surface morphology. A change in surface morphology results in a changed adhesion and behavior of cells and bacteria. Thus, the parameters surface pre-treatment, stirring speed and current pulsing presented a toolset for tailoring cellular response and antibacterial properties. Microbiological tests with S. aureus and S. epidermidis were performed to test the time-dependent antibacterial activity of the calcium hydroxide coatings. A reduction of both strains could be achieved for 13 h, which makes calcium hydroxide a promising antibacterial coating. To give insight into biofilm growth, a protocol for biofilm staining was investigated on titanium disks with S. aureus and S. epidermidis. Biofilm growth could be detected after 5 days of bacterial incubation, which was much earlier than the 3 weeks that are currently assumed in medical treatment. Thus, it should be considered to treat infections as if a biofilm were present from day 5 on. The ephemeral antibacterial properties of calcium hydroxide were further enhanced and prolonged with the addition of silver and copper ions. Both ionic modifications significantly enhanced the bactericidal potential. The copper modification showed higher antibacterial effects than the silver modification and had a higher cytocompatibility which was comparable to the pure calcium hydroxide coating. Thus, copper ions are an auspicious option to enhance the antibacterial properties. Calcium hydroxide coatings presented in this thesis have promising antibacterial properties and can easily be applied to complex geometries, thus they are a step in fighting aseptic loosening and implant infections.},
  subject      = {Calciumhydroxid},
  language  = {en}
}