@article{HaringGronroosNettletonetal.2014,
  author    = {Haring, Bernhard and Gronroos, Noelle and Nettleton, Jennifer A. and Wyler von Ballmoos, Moritz C. and Selvin, Elizabeth and Alsonso, Alvaro},
  title     = {Dietary Protein Intake and Coronary Heart Disease in a Large Community Based Cohort: Results from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0109552},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-113570},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Background Prospective data examining the relationship between dietary protein intake and incident coronary heart disease (CHD) are inconclusive. Most evidence is derived from homogenous populations such as health professionals. Large community-based analyses in more diverse samples are lacking. Methods We studied the association of protein type and major dietary protein sources and risk for incident CHD in 12,066 middle-aged adults (aged 45-64 at baseline, 1987-1989) from four U.S. communities enrolled in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study who were free of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease at baseline. Dietary protein intake was assessed at baseline and after 6 years of follow-up by food frequency questionnaire. Our primary outcome was adjudicated coronary heart disease events or deaths with following up through December 31, 2010. Cox proportional hazard models with multivariable adjustment were used for statistical analyses. Results During a median follow-up of 22 years, there were 1,147 CHD events. In multivariable analyses total, animal and vegetable protein were not associated with an increased risk for CHD before or after adjustment. In food group analyses of major dietary protein sources, protein intake from red and processed meat, dairy products, fish, nuts, eggs, and legumes were not significantly associated with CHD risk. The hazard ratios [with 95\% confidence intervals] for risk of CHD across quintiles of protein from poultry were 1.00 [ref], 0.83 [0.70-0.99], 0.93 [0.75-1.15], 0.88 [0.73-1.06], 0.79 [0.64-0.98], P for trend = 0.16). Replacement analyses evaluating the association of substituting one source of dietary protein for another or of decreasing protein intake at the expense of carbohydrates or total fats did not show any statistically significant association with CHD risk. Conclusion Based on a large community cohort we found no overall relationship between protein type and major dietary protein sources and risk for CHD.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HaringWylervonBallmoosAppeletal.2014,
  author    = {Haring, Bernhard and Wyler von Ballmoos, Moritz C. and Appel, Lawrence J. and Sacks, Frank M.},
  title     = {Healthy Dietary Interventions and Lipoprotein (a) Plasma Levels: Results from the Omni Heart Trial},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0114859},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-111005},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Background: Increased lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels are associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Studies of dietary interventions on changes in Lp(a) are sparse. We aimed to compare the effects of three healthy dietary interventions differing in macronutrient content on Lp(a) concentration. Methods: Secondary analysis of a randomized, 3-period crossover feeding study including 155 (89 blacks; 66 whites) individuals. Participants were given DASHtype healthy diets rich in carbohydrates [Carb], in protein [Prot] or in unsaturated fat [Unsat Fat] for 6 weeks each. Plasma Lp(a) concentration was assessed at baseline and after each diet. Results: Compared to baseline, all interventional diets increased mean Lp(a) by 2 to 5 mg/dl. Unsat Fat increased Lp(a) less than Prot with a difference of 1.0 mg/dl (95\% CI, -0.5, 2.5; p=0.196) in whites and 3.7 mg/dl (95\% CI, 2.4, 5.0; p<0.001) in blacks (p-value between races=0.008); Unsat Fat increased Lp(a) less than Carb with a difference of 20.6 mg/dl, 95\% CI, -2.1, 0.9; p=0.441) in whites and 21.5 mg/dl (95\% CI, -0.2, -2.8; p=0.021) in blacks (p-value between races=0.354). Prot increased Lp(a) more than Carb with a difference of 0.4 mg/dl (95\% CI, -1.1, 1.9; p=0.597) in whites and 2.2 mg/dl (95\%CI, 0.9, 3.5; p=0.001) in blacks (p-value between races=0.082). Conclusion: Diets high in unsaturated fat increased Lp(a) levels less than diets rich in carbohydrate or protein with greater changes in blacks than whites. Our results suggest that substitutions with dietary mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids in healthy diets may be preferable over protein or carbohydrates with regards to Lp(a).},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{VenjakobLeonhardtKlein2020,
  author    = {Venjakob, Christine and Leonhardt, Sara and Klein, Alexandra-Maria},
  title     = {Inter-individual nectar chemistry changes of field scabious, Knautia arvensis},
  series = {Insects},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Insects},
  number    = {2},
  issn      = {2075-4450},
  doi       = {10.3390/insects11020075},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-200866},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Nectar is crucial to maintain plant-pollinator mutualism. Nectar quality (nutritional composition) can vary strongly between individuals of the same plant species. The factors driving such inter-individual variation have however not been investigated closer. We investigated nectar quality of field scabious, Knautia arvensis in different grassland plant communities varying in species composition and richness to assess whether nectar quality can be affected by the surrounding plant community. We analyzed (with high performance liquid chromatography) the content of carbohydrates, overall amino acids, and essential amino acids. Amino acid and carbohydrate concentrations and proportions varied among plant individuals and with the surrounding plant community but were not related to the surrounding plant species richness. Total and individual carbohydrate concentrations were lowest, while proportions of the essential amino acids, valine, isoleucine, leucine (all phagostimulatory), and lysine were highest in plant species communities of the highest diversity. Our results show that K. arvensis nectar chemistry varies with the composition of the surrounding plant community, which may alter the taste and nutritional value and thus affect the plant's visitor spectrum and visitation rate. However, the strong inter-individual variation in nectar quality requires additional studies (e.g., in semi-field studies) to disentangle different biotic and abiotic factors contributing to inter-individual nectar chemistry in a plant-community context.},
  language  = {en}
}
@unpublished{PetersenLindnerMitric2018,
  author    = {Petersen, Jens and Lindner, Joachim O. and Mitric, Roland},
  title     = {Ultrafast Photodynamics of Glucose},
  series = {Journal of Physical Chemistry B},
  journal   = {Journal of Physical Chemistry B},
  doi       = {10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b08602},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159155},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {We have investigated the photodynamics of \(\beta\)-D-glucose employing our field-induced surface hopping method (FISH), which allows us to simulate the coupled electron-nuclear dynamics, including explicitly nonadiabatic effects and light-induced excitation. Our results reveal that from the initially populated S\(_{1}\) and S\(_{2}\) states, glucose returns nonradiatively to the ground state within about 200 fs. This takes place mainly via conical intersections (CIs) whose geometries in most cases involve the elongation of a single O-H bond, while in some instances ring-opening due to dissociation of a C-O bond is observed. Experimentally, excitation to a distinct excited electronic state is improbable due to the presence of a dense manifold of states bearing similar oscillator strengths. Our FISH simulations explicitly including a UV laser pulse of 6.43 eV photon energy reveals that after initial excitation the population is almost equally spread over several close-lying electronic states. This is followed by a fast nonradiative decay on the time scale of 100-200 fs, with the final return to the ground state proceeding via the S\(_{1}\) state through the same types of CIs as observed in the field-free simulations.},
  language  = {en}
}