@phdthesis{Eckert2000,
  author    = {Eckert, Martin},
  title     = {Zur Regulation und Expression von Aquaporinen unter Ber{\"u}cksichtigung des pflanzlichen Wasserhaushaltes},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-1114},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2000},
  abstract  = {Die Methodik und Technik der Gaswechselmessung von Pflanzen wurde f{\"u}r den Modellorganismus Arabidopsis thaliana optimiert und f{\"u}r Untersuchungen zur Beteiligung des Aquaporins PIP1b an Wassertransportvorg{\"a}ngen w{\"a}hrend der Stoma{\"o}ffnung verwendet. Die Messungen der Transpirationsraten von PIP1b-Antisense-Pflanzen ergaben keine Hinweise auf Ver{\"a}nderungen des zeitlichen Verlaufs der Stoma{\"o}ffnung. Die Wasserpermeabilit{\"a}ten von Schließzell-Plasmamembranen scheinen somit nicht von der Expression des Aquaporins PIP1b beeinflußt zu sein. - Gaswechselmessungen an Nicotiana tabacum NtAQP1-Antisense-Pflanzen zeigten eine Verringerung der Transpirationsraten im Licht und eine geringere Grundtranspiration im Dunkeln. Dies deutet auf eine Beteiligung von NtAQP1 am Wassertransport hin. - Ausgew{\"a}hlte Arabidopsis thaliana-Mutanten wurden hinsichtlich ihrer stomat{\"a}ren Antwort auf Rot- und Rot-/Blaulicht-Bestrahlung analysiert. Hierf{\"u}r wurde ein Doppelbestrahlungs-Protokoll entwickelt. Vergleiche mit den Wildtypen ergaben signifikante Unterschiede bei der Phytochrom-Mutante phyA-103, der Abscisins{\"a}ure-Mutante aba3-2 und der Auxin-resistenten Mutante axr1-3. Ferner zeigte die Mutante npq1-2 nicht die beschriebene Abweichung der stomat{\"a}ren Antwort auf Blaulicht. - Die Expressionsmuster eines PIP1b-GFP-Reportergens in transgenen Arabidopsis thaliana-Pflanzen wurden analysiert. Hohe Promotor-Aktivit{\"a}ten konnten in meristematischen Bereichen von Wurzel und Sproß, in Elementen der Leitb{\"u}ndel, in jungen Kotyledonen und in Staubbl{\"a}ttern beobachtet werden. Es zeigte sich eine enge Korrelation zwischen PIP1b-Promotoraktivit{\"a}t und Streckungswachstum. - Eine Sequenzanalyse des NtAQP1-Promotors ergab {\"U}bereinstimmungen mit spezifischen Bindungsmotiven von MYB-{\"a}hnlichen Transkriptionsfaktoren. Mit Promotor-Reportergenen konnte die Beteiligung eines dieser Sequenzmotive an der GA- und ABA-induzierten Aktivierung des NtAQP1-Promotors gezeigt werden. Zur Analyse der Phytohormon-Wirkungen auf deletierte Promotorbereiche wurde ein duales Vektorsystem entwickelt und bei der transienten Transformation von BY2-Protoplasten eingesetzt. - Die Expression eines GFP::NtAQP1-Fusionsgens in BY2-Zellen zeigte die subzellul{\"a}re Lokalisation des Aquaporins in der Zytoplasmamembran. Ferner wurde Fusionsprotein in Vesikel-{\"a}hnlichen Strukturen beobachtet.},
  subject      = {Pflanzen},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Mederer2009,
  author    = {Mederer, Joachim},
  title     = {Water Resources and Dynamics of the Troodos Igneous Aquifer-system, Cyprus - Balanced Groundwater Modelling -},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-37306},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {The study investigates the water resources and aquifer dynamics of the igneous fractured aquifer-system of the Troodos Mountains in Cyprus, using a coupled, finite differences water balance and groundwater modelling approach. The numerical water balance modelling forms the quantitative framework by assessing groundwater recharge and evapotranspiration, which form input parameters for the groundwater flow models. High recharge areas are identified within the heavily fractured Gabbro and Sheeted Dyke formations in the upper Troodos Mountains, while the impervious Pillow Lava promontories - with low precipitation and high evapotranspiration - show unfavourable recharge conditions. Within the water balance studies, evapotranspiration is split into actual evapotranspiration and the so called secondary evapotranspiration, representing the water demand for open waters, moist and irrigated areas. By separating the evapotranspiration of open waters and moist areas from the one of irrigated areas, groundwater abstraction needs are quantified, allowing the simulation of single well abstraction rates in the groundwater flow models. Two sets of balanced groundwater models simulate the aquifer dynamics in the presented study: First, the basic groundwater percolation system is investigated using two-dimensional vertical flow models along geological cross-sections, depicting the entire Troodos Mountains up to a depth of several thousands of metres. The deeply percolating groundwater system starts in the high recharge areas of the upper Troodos, shows quasi stratiform flow in the Gabbro and Sheeted Dyke formations, and rises to the surface in the vicinity of the impervious Pillow Lava promontories. The residence times mostly yield less than 25 years, the ones of the deepest fluxes several hundreds of years. Moreover, inter basin flow and indirect recharge of the Circum Troodos Sedimentary Succession are identified. In a second step, the upper and most productive part of the fractured igneous aquifer-system is investigated in a regional, horizontal groundwater model, including management scenarios and inter catchment flow studies. In a natural scenario without groundwater abstractions, the recovery potential of the aquifer is tested. Predicted future water demand is simulated in an increased abstraction scenario. The results show a high sensitivity to well abstraction rate changes in the Pillow Lava and Basal Group promontories. The changes in groundwater heads range from a few tens of metres up to more than one hundred metres. The sensitivity in the more productive parts of the aquifer-system is lower. Inter-catchment flow studies indicate that - besides the dominant effluent conditions in the Troodos Mountains - single reaches show influent conditions and are sub-flown by groundwater. These fluxes influence the local water balance and generate inter catchment flow. The balanced groundwater models form thus a comprehensive modelling system, supplying future detail models with information concerning boundary conditions and inter-catchment flow, and allowing the simulation of impacts of landuse or climate change scenarios on the dynamics and water resources of the Troodos aquifer-system.},
  subject      = {Zypern},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Duenkeloh2011,
  author    = {D{\"u}nkeloh, Armin},
  title     = {Water Balance Dynamics of Cyprus - Actual State and Impacts of Climate Change},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-75165},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {A completely revised and enhanced version of the water balance model MODBIL of the regional water balance dynamics of Cyprus was developed for this study. The model is based on a physical, process-oriented, spatially distributed concept and is applied for the calculation of all important water balance components of the island for the time period of 1961-2004. The calibrated results are statistically analysed and visualised for the whole island area, and evaluated with respect to the renewability of natural water resources. Climate variability and changes of the past decades are analysed with regard to their influence on water balances. A further part of the study focusses on the simulation of impacts of potential climate change. The water balances are simulated under changing climatic conditions on the base of theoretical precipitation, temperature and relative humidity changes and the revealed impacts on the water balances and renewable resources are discussed. Furthermore, a first principal water balance scenario is developed for the assessment of the regional hydrological changes expected for Cyprus by the end of the 21st century. The scenarios are based on recently calculated climate change assessments for this part of the Mediterranean, under an assumed further increase of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere.},
  subject      = {Wasserhaushalt},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Schmidt2000,
  author    = {Schmidt, Gerold},
  title     = {Plant size and intraspecific variability in vascular epiphytes},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-2000},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2000},
  abstract  = {A central objective of many ecophysiological investigations is the establishment of mechanistic explanations for plant distributions in time and space. The important, albeit mostly ignored, question arises as to the nature of the organisms that should be used as representative in pertinent experiments. I suggest that it is essential to use a "demographic approach" in physiological ecology, because physiological parameters such as photosynthetic capacity (PC, determined under non-limiting conditions with the oxygen electrode) may change considerably with plant size. Moreover, as shown for nine epiphyte species covering the most important taxonomic groups, the intraspecific variability in PC was almost always higher than the interspecific variability when comparing only large individuals. In situ studies with the epiphytic bromeliad V. sanguinolenta revealed that besides physiological parameters (such as PC) almost all morphological, anatomical and other physiological leaf parameters studied changed with plant size as well. Likewise, important processes proved to be size-dependent on whole-plant level. For example, long-term water availability was clearly improved in large specimens compared to smaller conspecifics due to the increased efficiency of the tanks to bridge rainless periods. As model calculations on whole-plant level for V. sanguinolenta under natural conditions have shown photosynthetic leaf carbon gain as well as respiratory losses of heterotrophic plant parts scaled with plant size. The resulting area related annual carbon balances were similar for plants of varying size, which corresponded to observations of size-independent (and low) relative growth rates in situ. Under favorable conditions in the greenhouse, however, small V. sanguinolenta exhibited surprisingly high relative growth rates, similar to annuals, which clearly contradicts the prevalent, but barely tested notion of epiphytes as inherently slow growing plants and simultaneously illustrates the profound resource limitations that epiphytes are subjected to in the canopy of a seasonal rain forest. From habitat conditions it seems that size-related differences in water availability are the driving force behind the observed size-dependent ecophysiological changes: the larger an epiphyte grows the more independent it is with regard to precipitation patterns. In conclusion, the results strongly emphasize the need to treat plant size as an important source of intraspecific variability and thus urge researchers to consider plant size in the design of ecophysiological experiments with vascular epiphytes.},
  subject      = {Gef{\"a}ßpflanzen},
  language  = {en}
}