@article{SchieleReinhardReifetal.2016, author = {Schiele, Miriam A. and Reinhard, Julia and Reif, Andreas and Domschke, Katharina and Romanos, Marcel and Deckert, J{\"u}rgen and Pauli, Paul}, title = {Developmental aspects of fear: Comparing the acquisition and generalization of conditioned fear in children and adults}, series = {Developmental Psychobiology}, volume = {58}, journal = {Developmental Psychobiology}, number = {4}, doi = {10.1002/dev.21393}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-189488}, pages = {471-481}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Most research on human fear conditioning and its generalization has focused on adults whereas only little is known about these processes in children. Direct comparisons between child and adult populations are needed to determine developmental risk markers of fear and anxiety. We compared 267 children and 285 adults in a differential fear conditioning paradigm and generalization test. Skin conductance responses (SCR) and ratings of valence and arousal were obtained to indicate fear learning. Both groups displayed robust and similar differential conditioning on subjective and physiological levels. However, children showed heightened fear generalization compared to adults as indexed by higher arousal ratings and SCR to the generalization stimuli. Results indicate overgeneralization of conditioned fear as a developmental correlate of fear learning. The developmental change from a shallow to a steeper generalization gradient is likely related to the maturation of brain structures that modulate efficient discrimination between danger and (ambiguous) safety cues.}, language = {en} } @article{ManukjanRippergerVenturinietal.2016, author = {Manukjan, Georgi and Ripperger, Tim and Venturini, Letizia and Stadler, Michael and G{\"o}hring, Gudrun and Schambach, Axel and Schlegelberger, Brigitte and Steinemann, Doris}, title = {GABP is necessary for stem/progenitor cell maintenance and myeloid differentiation in human hematopoiesis and chronic myeloid leukemia}, series = {Stem Cell Research}, volume = {16}, journal = {Stem Cell Research}, number = {3}, doi = {10.1016/j.scr.2016.04.007}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-168165}, pages = {677-681}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells and their potential to give rise to progenitors of differentiated lymphoid and myeloid cells are accomplished by a network of regulatory processes. As a part of this network, the heteromeric transcription factor GA-binding protein (GABP) plays a crucial role in self-renewal of murine hematopoietic and leukemic stem cells. Here, we report the consequences of functional impairment of GABP in human hematopoietic and in leukemic stem/progenitor cells. Ectopic overexpression of a dominant-negative acting GABP mutant led to impaired myeloid differentiation of CD34\(^{+}\) hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells obtained from healthy donors. Moreover, drastically reduced clonogenic capacity of leukemic stem/progenitor cells isolated from bone marrow aspirates of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients underlines the importance of GABP on stem/progenitor cell maintenance and confirms the relevance of GABP for human myelopoiesis in healthy and diseased states.}, language = {en} } @article{GambaryanSubramanianKehreretal.2016, author = {Gambaryan, Stepan and Subramanian, Hariharan and Kehrer, Linda and Mindukshev, Igor and Sudnitsyna, Julia and Reiss, Cora and Rukoyatkina, Natalia and Friebe, Andreas and Sharina, Iraida and Martin, Emil and Walter, Ulrich}, title = {Erythrocytes do not activate purified and platelet soluble guanylate cyclases even in conditions favourable for NO synthesis}, series = {Cell Communication and Signaling}, volume = {14}, journal = {Cell Communication and Signaling}, number = {16}, doi = {10.1186/s12964-016-0139-9}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-161223}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Background Direct interaction between Red blood cells (RBCs) and platelets is known for a long time. The bleeding time is prolonged in anemic patients independent of their platelet count and could be corrected by transfusion of RBCs, which indicates that RBCs play an important role in hemostasis and platelet activation. However, in the last few years, opposing mechanisms of platelet inhibition by RBCs derived nitric oxide (NO) were proposed. The aim of our study was to identify whether RBCs could produce NO and activate soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) in platelets. Methods To test whether RBCs could activate sGC under different conditions (whole blood, under hypoxia, or even loaded with NO), we used our well-established and highly sensitive models of NO-dependent sGC activation in platelets and activation of purified sGC. The activation of sGC was monitored by detecting the phosphorylation of Vasodilator Stimulated Phosphoprotein (VASPS239) by flow cytometry and Western blot. ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's test and Student's t-test were used as appropriate. Results We show that in the whole blood, RBCs prevent NO-mediated inhibition of ADP and TRAP6-induced platelet activation. Likewise, coincubation of RBCs with platelets results in strong inhibition of NO-induced sGC activation. Under hypoxic conditions, incubation of RBCs with NO donor leads to Hb-NO formation which inhibits sGC activation in platelets. Similarly, RBCs inhibit activation of purified sGC, even under conditions optimal for RBC-mediated generation of NO from nitrite. Conclusions All our experiments demonstrate that RBCs act as strong NO scavengers and prevent NO-mediated inhibition of activated platelets. In all tested conditions, RBCs were not able to activate platelet or purified sGC.}, language = {en} } @article{StolzeTrautmannGoebeleretal.2016, author = {Stolze, Ina and Trautmann, Axel and Goebeler, Matthias and Stoevesandt, Johanna}, title = {Dangerous Leg Cramps: Severe Pustular Exanthema Caused by an Over-the-Counter Drug}, series = {Acta Dermato-Venereologica}, volume = {96}, journal = {Acta Dermato-Venereologica}, doi = {10.2340/00015555-2324}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-171285}, pages = {703-704}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Abstract is missing}, language = {en} } @article{SonnenbergBannert2016, author = {Sonnenberg, Christoph and Bannert, Maria}, title = {Evaluating the Impact of Instructional Support Using Data Mining and Process Mining: A Micro-Level Analysis of the Effectiveness of Metacognitive Prompts}, series = {Journal of Educational Data Mining}, volume = {8}, journal = {Journal of Educational Data Mining}, number = {2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-152375}, pages = {51-83}, year = {2016}, abstract = {In computer-supported learning environments, the deployment of self-regulatory skills represents an essential prerequisite for successful learning. Metacognitive prompts are a promising type of instructional support to activate students' strategic learning activities. However, despite positive effects in previous studies, there are still a large number of students who do not benefit from provided support. Therefore, it may be necessary to consider explicitly the conditions under which a prompt is beneficial for a student, i.e., so-called adaptive scaffolding. The current study aims to (i) classify the effectiveness of prompts on regulatory behavior, (ii) investigate the correspondence of the classification with learning outcome, and (iii) discover the conditions under which prompts induce regulatory activities (i.e., the proper temporal positioning of prompts). The think-aloud data of an experiment in which metacognitive prompts supported the experimental group (n = 35) was used to distinguish between effective and non-effective prompts. Students' activities preceding the prompt presentation were analyzed using data mining and process mining techniques. The results indicate that approximately half of the presented prompts induced metacognitive learning activities as expected. Moreover, the number of induced monitoring activities correlates positively with transfer performance. Finally, the occurrence of orientation and monitoring activities, which are not well-embedded in the course of learning, increases the effectiveness of a presented prompt. In general, our findings demonstrate the benefits of investigating metacognitive support using process data, which can provide implications for the design of effective instructional support.}, language = {en} } @article{GoldmannHornung2016, author = {Goldmann, Julius and Hornung, Christoph}, title = {Interview mit Prof. (em.) Dr. Frank-Rutger Hausmann}, series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, volume = {2}, journal = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, issn = {2510-2613}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-161586}, pages = {15-22}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Frank-Rutger Hausmann war Professor f{\"u}r Romanische Philologie (Schwerpunkt franz{\"o}sische und italienische Literatur) in Freiburg, Aachen und wiederum Freiburg. Hausmann hat sich zudem intensiv mit der Fachgeschichte der deutschen Romanistik und der Geisteswissenschaften allgemein besch{\"a}ftigt. F{\"u}r die zweite Ausgabe der promptus-Interviewreihe durften wir ihn nach seiner Perspektive auf die historische und aktuelle Situation der Romanistik befragen. Er arbeitet momentan u.a. an einem Romanistenlexikon, das online ver{\"o}ffentlicht wird, und hat das Romanistenarchiv in Augsburg gegr{\"u}ndet.}, subject = {Romansitik}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-16124, title = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik. Band 2}, series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, volume = {2/2016}, journal = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, editor = {Bobineau, Julien and Callsen, Berit and Gold, Martina and Goldmann, Julius and Hesselbach, Robert and Hornung, Christoph and Meisnitzer, Benjamin and Ravasio, Paola}, isbn = {978-3-946101-01-7}, issn = {2364-6705}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-161247}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Die Zeitschrift promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik richtet sich an alle NachwuchswissenschaftlerInnen im Bereich der romanistischen Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft sowie der Fachdidaktik. Das Ziel der Zeitschrift ist die F{\"o}rderung der romanistischen Forschung im Allgemeinen und des wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchses der Romanistik im Besonderen. Sie versteht sich damit als Impulsgeber f{\"u}r junge romanistische Forschung, ohne sich dabei thematisch zu beschr{\"a}nken.}, subject = {Romanistik}, language = {mul} } @article{WidmannArtingerBiesingeretal.2016, author = {Widmann, Annekathrin and Artinger, Marc and Biesinger, Lukas and Boepple, Kathrin and Peters, Christina and Schlechter, Jana and Selcho, Mareike and Thum, Andreas S.}, title = {Genetic Dissection of Aversive Associative Olfactory Learning and Memory in Drosophila Larvae}, series = {PLoS Genetics}, volume = {12}, journal = {PLoS Genetics}, number = {10}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pgen.1006378}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-166672}, pages = {e1006378}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Memory formation is a highly complex and dynamic process. It consists of different phases, which depend on various neuronal and molecular mechanisms. In adult Drosophila it was shown that memory formation after aversive Pavlovian conditioning includes—besides other forms—a labile short-term component that consolidates within hours to a longer-lasting memory. Accordingly, memory formation requires the timely controlled action of different neuronal circuits, neurotransmitters, neuromodulators and molecules that were initially identified by classical forward genetic approaches. Compared to adult Drosophila, memory formation was only sporadically analyzed at its larval stage. Here we deconstruct the larval mnemonic organization after aversive olfactory conditioning. We show that after odor-high salt conditioning larvae form two parallel memory phases; a short lasting component that depends on cyclic adenosine 3'5'-monophosphate (cAMP) signaling and synapsin gene function. In addition, we show for the first time for Drosophila larvae an anesthesia resistant component, which relies on radish and bruchpilot gene function, protein kinase C activity, requires presynaptic output of mushroom body Kenyon cells and dopamine function. Given the numerical simplicity of the larval nervous system this work offers a unique prospect for studying memory formation of defined specifications, at full-brain scope with single-cell, and single-synapse resolution.}, language = {en} } @article{StaussBrunnerBerberichSiebeltetal.2016, author = {Stauss, Dennis and Brunner, Cornelia and Berberich-Siebelt, Friederike and H{\"o}pken, Uta E. and Lipp, Martin and M{\"u}ller, Gerd}, title = {The transcriptional coactivator Bob1 promotes the development of follicular T helper cells via Bcl6}, series = {Embo Journal}, volume = {35}, journal = {Embo Journal}, number = {8}, doi = {10.15252/embj.201591459}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-189506}, pages = {881-898}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Follicular T helper (Tfh) cells are key regulators of the germinal center reaction and long-term humoral immunity. Tfh cell differentiation requires the sustained expression of the transcriptional repressor Bcl6; however, its regulation in CD4\(^+\) T cells is incompletely understood. Here, we report that the transcriptional coactivator Bob1, encoded by the Pou2af1 gene, promotes Bcl6 expression and Tfh cell development. We found that Bob1 together with the octamer transcription factors Oct1/Oct2 can directly bind to and transactivate the Bcl6 and Btla promoters. Mixed bone marrow chimeras revealed that Bob1 is required for the expression of normal levels of Bcl6 and BTLA, thereby controlling the pool size and composition of the Tfh compartment in a T cell-intrinsic manner. Our data indicate that T cell-expressed Bob1 is directly involved in Tfh cell differentiation and required for mounting normal T cell-dependent B-cell responses.}, language = {en} } @article{DeebGiordanoRossietal.2016, author = {Deeb, Wissam and Giordano, James J. and Rossi, Peter J. and Mogilner, Alon Y. and Gunduz, Aysegul and Judy, Jack W. and Klassen, Bryan T. and Butson, Christopher R. and Van Horne, Craig and Deny, Damiaan and Dougherty, Darin D. and Rowell, David and Gerhardt, Greg A. and Smith, Gwenn S. and Ponce, Francisco A. and Walker, Harrison C. and Bronte-Stewart, Helen M. and Mayberg, Helen S. and Chizeck, Howard J. and Langevin, Jean-Philippe and Volkmann, Jens and Ostrem, Jill L. and Shute, Jonathan B. and Jimenez-Shahed, Joohi and Foote, Kelly D. and Wagle Shukla, Aparna and Rossi, Marvin A. and Oh, Michael and Pourfar, Michael and Rosenberg, Paul B. and Silburn, Peter A. and de Hemptine, Coralie and Starr, Philip A. and Denison, Timothy and Akbar, Umer and Grill, Warren M. and Okun, Michael S.}, title = {Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Deep Brain Stimulation Think Tank: A Review of Emerging Issues and Technologies}, series = {Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience}, volume = {10}, journal = {Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience}, number = {38}, doi = {10.3389/fnint.2016.00038}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-168493}, year = {2016}, abstract = {This paper provides an overview of current progress in the technological advances and the use of deep brain stimulation (DBS) to treat neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, as presented by participants of the Fourth Annual DBS Think Tank, which was convened in March 2016 in conjunction with the Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration at the University of Florida, Gainesveille FL, USA. The Think Tank discussions first focused on policy and advocacy in DBS research and clinical practice, formation of registries, and issues involving the use of DBS in the treatment of Tourette Syndrome. Next, advances in the use of neuroimaging and electrochemical markers to enhance DBS specificity were addressed. Updates on ongoing use and developments of DBS for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, Alzheimer's disease, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, obesity, addiction were presented, and progress toward innovation(s) in closed-loop applications were discussed. Each section of these proceedings provides updates and highlights of new information as presented at this year's international Think Tank, with a view toward current and near future advancement of the field.}, language = {en} }