@article{GoeringSchumannMuelleretal.2022, author = {G{\"o}ring, Lukas and Schumann, Sarah and M{\"u}ller, Jessica and Buck, Andreas K. and Port, Matthias and Lassmann, Michael and Scherthan, Harry and Eberlein, Uta}, title = {Repair of a-particle-induced DNA damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells after internal ex vivo irradiation with \(^{223}\)Ra}, series = {European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging}, volume = {49}, journal = {European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging}, number = {12}, doi = {10.1007/s00259-022-05860-3}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-324557}, pages = {3981-3988}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Purpose As α-emitters for radiopharmaceutical therapies are administered systemically by intravenous injection, blood will be irradiated by α-particles that induce clustered DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Here, we investigated the induction and repair of DSB damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as a function of the absorbed dose to the blood following internal ex vivo irradiation with [\(^{223}\)Ra]RaCl2. Methods Blood samples of ten volunteers were irradiated by adding [\(^{223}\)Ra]RaCl2 solution with different activity concentrations resulting in absorbed doses to the blood of 3 mGy, 25 mGy, 50 mGy and 100 mGy. PBMCs were isolated, divided in three parts and either fixed directly (d-samples) or after 4 h or 24 h culture. After immunostaining, the induced γ-H2AX α-tracks were counted. The time-dependent decrease in α-track frequency was described with a model assuming a repair rate R and a fraction of non-repairable damage Q. Results For 25 mGy, 50 mGy and 100 mGy, the numbers of α-tracks were significantly increased compared to baseline at all time points. Compared to the corresponding d-samples, the α-track frequency decreased significantly after 4 h and after 24 h. The repair rates R were (0.24 ± 0.05) h-1 for 25 mGy, (0.16 ± 0.04) h-1 for 50 mGy and (0.13 ± 0.02) h-1 for 100 mGy, suggesting faster repair at lower absorbed doses, while Q-values were similar. Conclusion The results obtained suggest that induction and repair of the DSB damage depend on the absorbed dose to the blood. Repair rates were similar to what has been observed for irradiation with low linear energy transfer.}, language = {en} } @article{SchumannEberleinLapaetal.2021, author = {Schumann, S. and Eberlein, U. and Lapa, C. and M{\"u}ller, J. and Serfling, S. and Lassmann, M. and Scherthan, H.}, title = {α-Particle-induced DNA damage tracks in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of [\(^{223}\)Ra]RaCl\(_{2}\)-treated prostate cancer patients}, series = {European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging}, volume = {48}, journal = {European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging}, number = {9}, issn = {1619-7089}, doi = {10.1007/s00259-020-05170-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-265462}, pages = {2761-2770}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Purpose One therapy option for prostate cancer patients with bone metastases is the use of [\(^{223}\)Ra]RaCl\(_{2}\). The α-emitter \(^{223}\)Ra creates DNA damage tracks along α-particle trajectories (α-tracks) in exposed cells that can be revealed by immunofluorescent staining of γ-H2AX+53BP1 DNA double-strand break markers. We investigated the time- and absorbed dose-dependency of the number of α-tracks in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients undergoing their first therapy with [\(^{223}\)Ra]RaCl\(_{2}\). Methods Multiple blood samples from nine prostate cancer patients were collected before and after administration of [\(^{223}\)Ra]RaCl\(_{2}\), up to 4 weeks after treatment. γ-H2AX- and 53BP1-positive α-tracks were microscopically quantified in isolated and immuno-stained PBMCs. Results The absorbed doses to the blood were less than 6 mGy up to 4 h after administration and maximally 16 mGy in total. Up to 4 h after administration, the α-track frequency was significantly increased relative to baseline and correlated with the absorbed dose to the blood in the dose range < 3 mGy. In most of the late samples (24 h - 4 weeks after administration), the α-track frequency remained elevated. Conclusion The γ-H2AX+53BP1 assay is a potent method for detection of α-particle-induced DNA damages during treatment with or after accidental incorporation of radionuclides even at low absorbed doses. It may serve as a biomarker discriminating α- from β-emitters based on damage geometry.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Kreutzmann2021, author = {Kreutzmann, Moritz Paul}, title = {Untersuchung von Markern f{\"u}r oxidativen Stress und DNA-Sch{\"a}den bei arterieller Hypertonie}, doi = {10.25972/OPUS-24338}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-243380}, school = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Patienten mit arterieller Hypertonie haben ein erh{\"o}htes Risiko eine Tumorerkrankung, insbesondere Nierenzellkarzinome, zu entwickeln. Die arterielle Hypertonie ist {\"u}ber die Entstehung von oxidativem Stress mit der Entwicklung von DNA-Sch{\"a}den verkn{\"u}pft, wobei ein hochreguliertes Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosteron-System (RAAS) eine entscheidende Rolle einnimmt. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war es zum einen Hypertoniker (HypAll) und gesunde Kontrollen und zum anderen gut (HypGut) und schlecht (HypSch) eingestellte Hypertoniker unter Ber{\"u}cksichtigung der eingenommenen Antihypertensiva bez{\"u}glich ihrer Level an oxidativem Stress und DNA-Sch{\"a}den zu vergleichen. Zus{\"a}tzlich erfolgte im Rahmen einer L{\"a}ngsschnittanalyse der intraindividuelle Vergleich unter den Hypertonikern. Hierf{\"u}r erfolgte die Bestimmung von SHp, D-ROM und 3-Nitrotyrosin als Marker f{\"u}r oxidativen Stress im Plasma, von 8-oxodG, 15-F2t-Isoprostan und Malondialdehyd als Marker f{\"u}r oxidativen Stress im Urin und von γ-H2AX und Mikrokernen als Marker f{\"u}r DNA-Sch{\"a}den in Lymphozyten. Dabei konnte ein erh{\"o}hter oxidativer Stress in der HypAll-Gruppe verglichen zu den Kontrollen anhand aller Marker f{\"u}r oxidativen Stress mit Ausnahme von Malondialdehyd festgestellt werden. Nach Altersadjustierung zeigte sich dieser Gruppenunterschied nur noch f{\"u}r die Proteinstressmarker SHp und 3-Nitrotyrosin signifikant. Bez{\"u}glich der Marker f{\"u}r DNA-Sch{\"a}den ergab sich kein Unterschied zwischen HypAll und Kontrollen. Ebenso zeigte sich kein signifikanter Unterschied in den Leveln f{\"u}r oxidativen Stress und DNA-Sch{\"a}den zwischen der HypGut- und HypSch-Gruppe. Zuletzt konnte im Rahmen der L{\"a}ngsschnittstudie ein positiver Zusammenhang zwischen der Entwicklung des Blutdrucks und des oxidativen Stresses anhand der Ver{\"a}nderung von D-ROM und des systolischen Blutdrucks beobachtet werden. Die teils nicht-signifikanten und teils mangelnden Unterschiede zwischen HypAll und Kontrollen sowie zwischen HypGut und HypSch sind am ehesten durch das besondere Patientengut, welches sich auch grundlegend von dem anderer vergleichbarer Studien unterscheidet, erkl{\"a}rbar. Die Patienten mit therapieresistenter Hypertonie (TRH) zeichnen sich durch eine langj{\"a}hrige Einnahme zahlreicher Antihypertensiva aus. Diese, insbesondere die RAAS-wirksamen, besitzen eine {\"u}ber die reine Blutdrucksenkung hinausgehende antioxidative und antigenotoxische Wirkung, welche vermutlich zu einer Angleichung der Level f{\"u}r oxidativen Stress und DNA-Sch{\"a}den gef{\"u}hrt hat. Um die Dynamik der Biomarker und den Einfluss der Antihypertensiva auf oxidativen Stress und DNA-Sch{\"a}den besser zu verstehen, sind weitere Studien {\"u}ber einen l{\"a}ngeren Beobachtungszeitraum sowie mit zus{\"a}tzlich therapienaiven Hypertonikern sinnvoll. Die weitere Erforschung von Biomarkern, um sie im klinischen Alltag zur Verbesserung der Patientenbehandlung einsetzen zu k{\"o}nnen, ist notwendig.}, subject = {Oxidativer Stress}, language = {de} } @article{SchumannScherthanFranketal.2020, author = {Schumann, Sarah and Scherthan, Harry and Frank, Torsten and Lapa, Constantin and M{\"u}ller, Jessica and Seifert, Simone and Lassmann, Michael and Eberlein, Uta}, title = {DNA Damage in Blood Leukocytes of Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing PET/CT Examinations with [\(^{68}\)Ga]Ga-PSMA I\&T}, series = {Cancers}, volume = {12}, journal = {Cancers}, number = {2}, issn = {2072-6694}, doi = {10.3390/cancers12020388}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-200585}, pages = {388}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The aim was to investigate the induction and repair of radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) as a function of the absorbed dose to the blood of patients undergoing PET/CT examinations with [68Ga]Ga-PSMA. Blood samples were collected from 15 patients before and at four time points after [68Ga]Ga-PSMA administration, both before and after the PET/CT scan. Absorbed doses to the blood were calculated. In addition, blood samples with/without contrast agent from five volunteers were irradiated ex vivo by CT while measuring the absorbed dose. Leukocytes were isolated, fixed, and stained for co-localizing γ-H2AX+53BP1 DSB foci that were enumerated manually. In vivo, a significant increase in γ-H2AX+53BP1 foci compared to baseline was observed at all time points after administration, although the absorbed dose to the blood by 68Ga was below 4 mGy. Ex vivo, the increase in radiation-induced foci depended on the absorbed dose and the presence of contrast agent, which could have caused a dose enhancement. The CT-dose contribution for the patients was estimated at about 12 mGy using the ex vivo calibration. The additional number of DSB foci induced by CT, however, was comparable to the one induced by 68Ga. The significantly increased foci numbers after [68Ga]Ga-PSMA administration may suggest a possible low-dose hypersensitivity.}, language = {en} } @article{SchuhmannEberleinMuelleretal.2018, author = {Schuhmann, Sarah and Eberlein, Uta and M{\"u}ller, Jessica and Scherthan, Harry and Lassmann, Michael}, title = {Correlation of the absorbed dose to the blood and DNA damage in leukocytes after internal ex-vivo irradiation of blood samples with Ra-224}, series = {EJNMMI Research}, volume = {8}, journal = {EJNMMI Research}, number = {77}, doi = {10.1186/s13550-018-0422-4}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-176593}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Background: Irradiation with α-particles creates densely packed damage tracks along particle trajectories in exposed cells, including complex DNA damage and closely spaced double-strand breaks (DSBs) in hit nuclei. Here, we investigated the correlation of the absorbed dose to the blood and the number of α-induced DNA damage tracks elicited in human blood leukocytes after ex-vivo in-solution exposure with Ra-224. The aim was to compare the data to previously published data on Ra-223 and to investigate differences in DNA damage induction between the two radium isotopes. Results: Blood samples from three healthy volunteers were exposed ex-vivo to six different concentrations of Ra-224 dichloride. Absorbed doses to the blood were calculated assuming local energy deposition of all α- and β-particles of the Ra-224 decay chain, ranging from 0 to 127 mGy. γ-H2AX + 53BP1 DNA damage co-staining and analysis was performed on ethanol-fixed leukocytes isolated from the irradiated blood samples. For damage quantification, α-induced DNA damage tracks and small γ-H2AX + 53BP1 DSB foci were enumerated in the exposed leukocytes. This revealed a linear relationship between the frequency of α-induced γ-H2AX damage tracks and the absorbed dose to the blood, while the frequency of small γ-H2AX + 53BP1 DSB foci indicative of β-irradiation was similar to baseline values. Conclusions: Our data provide a first estimation of the DNA damage induced by Ra-224 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. A comparison with our previously published Ra-223 data suggests that there is no difference in the induction of radiation-induced DNA damage between the two radium isotopes due to their similar decay properties.}, language = {en} }