@phdthesis{Aehnlich2022,
  author    = {Aehnlich, Flora},
  title     = {Untersuchungen zur Pr{\"a}sentation kryptischer und kanonischer Peptide {\"u}ber den MHC-Klasse-I-Komplex in Patienten mit akuter myeloischer Leuk{\"a}mie},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-27003},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-270036},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Die AML stellt mit einem Anteil von 80 \% an den akuten Leuk{\"a}mien bei Erwachsenen eine bedeutende Erkrankung f{\"u}r die Gesellschaft dar. Aufgrund fehlender durchbrechender Erfolge in der Therapieentwicklung liegt die durchschnittliche F{\"u}nfjahres{\"u}berlebensrate dennoch nur bei etwa 25 \%. Der Blick auf die Kraft des Graft-versus-Leuk{\"a}mie-Effekts nach allogener Stammzelltransplantation, eine Langzeitremission der AML erzielen zu k{\"o}nnen, weist jedoch auf die Immunogenit{\"a}t und Eignung der Erkrankung f{\"u}r neue immuntherapeutische Ans{\"a}tze hin. Anhand der Kartierung der in-vivo pr{\"a}sentierten MHC-Klasse-I-Peptidome auf AML-Blasten sollten in dieser Arbeit potenziell geeignete Therapietargets identifiziert werden, um eine breitere Anwendung immuntherapeutischer Strategien bei AML-Patienten zu erm{\"o}glichen. Auf prim{\"a}ren Patientenmaterialien, Zelllinien und benignen Zellen wurden hierzu {\"u}ber eine Immunoaffinit{\"a}tschromatographie mit nachfolgenden Purifizierungsschritten die MHC-pr{\"a}sentierten Peptide massenspekrometrisch-basiert identifiziert. Zus{\"a}tzlich erfolgte eine Quantifizierung der Oberfl{\"a}chen- und intrazellul{\"a}ren MHC-Klasse-I-Molek{\"u}le der verwendeten Proben durch einen indirekten Immunfluoreszenz-Assay. Unter der Gesamtheit von 17.750 identifizierten nicht-redundanten MHC-Klasse- I-pr{\"a}sentierten Peptiden konnte eine Vielzahl von 5.626 Peptiden mit Pr{\"a}sentationsfrequenzen bis zu 72 \% als AML-exklusiv beschrieben werden. Hierunter wurden 240 kryptische Peptide vermeintlich nicht-codierenden Ursprungs identifiziert. Zudem wurden mehrere potenziell CMV-kreuzreaktive AML-Peptide erfasst, die zu der reduzierten Rezidivrate bei CMV-Infektion nach allogener Stammzelltransplantation f{\"u}hren k{\"o}nnten. Bei der MHC-Quantifizierung wiesen die AML-Blasten keine verminderte MHC-Expression auf und stellten sich somit als geeignete Target-Zellen f{\"u}r eine T-Zell-Immuntherapie dar.},
  subject      = {Akute myeloische Leuk{\"a}mie},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Forkuor2014,
  author    = {Forkuor, Gerald},
  title     = {Agricultural Land Use Mapping in West Africa Using Multi-sensor Satellite Imagery},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-108687},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Rapid population growth in West Africa has led to expansion in croplands due to the need to grow more food to meet the rising food demand of the burgeoning population. These expansions negatively impact the sub-region's ecosystem, with implications for water and soil quality, biodiversity and climate. In order to appropriately monitor the changes in croplands and assess its impact on the ecosystem and other environmental processes, accurate and up-to-date information on agricultural land use is required. But agricultural land use mapping (i.e. mapping the spatial distribution of crops and croplands) in West Africa has been challenging due to the unavailability of adequate satellite images (as a result of excessive cloud cover), small agricultural fields and a heterogeneous landscape. This study, therefore, investigated the possibilities of improving agricultural land use mapping by utilizing optical satellite images with higher spatial and temporal resolution as well as images from Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) systems which are near-independent of weather conditions. The study was conducted at both watershed and regional scales. At watershed scale, classification of different crop types in three watersheds in Ghana, Burkina Faso and Benin was conducted using multi-temporal: (1) only optical images (RapidEye) and (2) optical plus dual polarimetric (VV/VH) SAR images (TerraSAR-X). In addition, inter-annual or short term (2-3 years) changes in cropland area in the past ten years were investigated using historical Landsat images. Results obtained indicate that the use of only optical images to map different crop types in West Africa can achieve moderate classification accuracies (57\% to 71\%). Overlaps between the cropping calendars of most crops types and certain inter-croppings pose a challenge to optical images in achieving an adequate separation between those crop classes. Integration of SAR images, however, can improve classification accuracies by between 8 and 15\%, depending on the number of available images and their acquisition dates. The sensitivity of SAR systems to different crop canopy architectures and land surface characteristics improved the separation between certain crop types. The VV polarization of TerraSAR-X was found to better discrimination between crop types than the VH. Images acquired between August and October were found to be very useful for crop mapping in the sub-region due to structural differences in some crop types during this period. At the regional scale, inter-annual or short term changes in cropland area in the Sudanian Savanna agro-ecological zone in West Africa were assessed by upscaling historical cropland information derived at the watershed scale (using Landsat imagery) unto a coarse spatial resolution, but geographically large, satellite imagery (MODIS) using regression based modeling. The possibility of using such regional scale cropland information to improve government-derived agricultural statistics was investigated by comparing extracted cropland area from the fractional cover maps with district-level agricultural statistics from Ghana The accuracy of the fractional cover maps (MAE between 14.2\% and 19.1\%) indicate that the heterogeneous agricultural landscape of West Africa can be suitably represented at the regional or continental scales by estimating fractional cropland cover on low resolution Analysis of the results revealed that cropland area in the Sudanian Savanna zone has experienced inter-annual or short term fluctuations in the past ten years due to a variety of factors including climate factors (e.g. floods and droughts), declining soil fertility, population increases and agricultural policies such as fertilizer subsidies. Comparison of extracted cropland area from the fractional cover maps with government's agricultural statistics (MoFA) for seventeen districts (second administrative units) in Ghana revealed high inconsistencies in the government statistics, and highlighted the potential of satellite derived cropland information at regional scales to improve national/sub-national agricultural statistics in West Africa. The results obtained in this study is promising for West Africa, considering the recent launch of optical (Landsat 8) and SAR sensors (Sentinel-1) that will provide free data for crop mapping in the sub-region. This will improve chances of obtaining adequate satellite images acquired during the cropping season for agricultural land use mapping and bolster opportunities of operationalizing agricultural land use mapping in West Africa. This can benefit a wide range of biophysical and economic models and improve decision making based on their results.},
  subject      = {Westafrika},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{NoellieAhouRUETH2010,
  author    = {Noellie Ahou RUETH, geb. YAO},
  title     = {Mapping Bushfire Distribution and Burn Severity in West Africa Using Remote Sensing Observations},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-54244},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Fire has long been considered to be the main ecological factor explaining the origin and maintenance of West African savannas. It has a very high occurrence in these savannas due to high human pressure caused by strong demographic growth and, concomitantly, is used to transform natural savannas into farmland and is also used as a provider of energy. This study was carried out with the support of the BIOTA project funded by the German ministry for Research and Education. The objective of this study is to establish the spatial and temporal distribution of bushfires during a long observation period from 2000 to 2009 as well as to assess fire impact on vegetation through mapping of the burn severity; based on remote sensing and field data collections. Remote sensing was used for this study because of the advantages that it offers in collecting data for long time periods and on different scales. In this case, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite instrument at 1km resolution is used to assess active fires, and understand the seasonality of fire, its occurrence and its frequency within the vegetation types on a regional scale. Landsat ETM+ imagery at 30 m and field data collections were used to define the characteristics of burn severity related to the biomass loss on a local scale. At a regional scale, the occurrence of fires and rainfall per month correlated very well (R2 = 0.951, r = -0.878, P < 0.01), which shows that the lower the amount of rainfall, the higher the fire occurrence and vice versa. In the dry season, four fire seasons were determined on a regional scale, namely very early fires, which announce the beginning of the fires, early and late fires making up the peak of fire in December/January and very late fires showing the end of the fire season and the beginning of the rainy season. Considerable fire activity was shown to take place in the vegetation zones between the Forest and the Sahel areas. Within these zones, parts of the Sudano-Guinean and the Guinean zones showed a high pixel frequency, i.e. fires occurred in the same place in many years. This high pixel frequency was also found in most protected areas in these zones. As to the kinds of land cover affected by fire, the highest fire occurrence is observed within the Deciduous woodlands and Deciduous shrublands. Concerning the burn severity, which was observed at a local scale, field data correlated closely with the ΔNBR derived from Landsat scenes of Pendjari National Park (R2 = 0.76). The correlation coefficient according to Pearson is r = 0.84 and according to Spearman-Rho, the correlation coefficient is r = 0.86. Very low and low burn severity (with ΔNBR value from 0 to 0.40) affected the vegetation weakly (0-35 percent of biomass loss) whereas moderate and high burn severity greatly affected the vegetation, leading to up to 100 percent of biomass loss, with the ΔNBR value ranging from 0.41 to 0.99. It can be seen from these results that remotely sensed images offer a tool to determine the fire distribution over large regions in savannas and that the Normalised Burn Ratio index can be applied to West Africa savannas. The outcomes of this thesis will hopefully contribute to understanding and, eventually, improving fire regimes in West Africa and their response to climate change and changes in vegetation diversity.},
  subject      = {Westafrika},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Schaefer2003,
  author    = {Sch{\"a}fer, Dirk},
  title     = {Globale Selbstlokalisation autonomer mobiler Roboter - Ein Schl{\"u}sselproblem der Service-Robotik},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-7601},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Die Dissertation behandelt die Problemstellung der globalen Selbstlokalisation autonomer mobiler Roboter, welche folgendermaßen beschrieben werden kann: Ein mobiler Roboter, eingesetzt in einem Geb{\"a}ude, kann unter Umst{\"a}nden das Wissen {\"u}ber seinen Standort verlieren. Man geht nun davon aus, dass dem Roboter eine Geb{\"a}udekarte als Modell zur Verf{\"u}gung steht. Mit Hilfe eines Laser-Entfernungsmessers kann das mobile Ger{\"a}t neue Informationen aufnehmen und damit bei korrekter Zuordnung zur Modellkarte geeignete hypothetische Standorte ermitteln. In der Regel werden diese Positionen aber mehrdeutig sein. Indem sich der Roboter intelligent in seiner Einsatzumgebung bewegt, kann er die urspr{\"u}nglichen Sensordaten verifizieren und ermittelt im besten Fall seine tats{\"a}chliche Position.F{\"u}r diese Problemstellung wird ein neuer L{\"o}sungsansatz in Theorie und Praxis pr{\"a}sentiert, welcher die jeweils aktuelle lokale Karte und damit alle Sensordaten mittels feature-basierter Matchingverfahren auf das Modell der Umgebung abbildet. Ein Explorationsalgorithmus bewegt den Roboter w{\"a}hrend der Bewegungsphase autonom zu Sensorpunkten, welche neue Informationen bereitstellen. W{\"a}hrend der Bewegungsphase werden dabei die bisherigen hypothetischen Positionen best{\"a}rkt oder geschw{\"a}cht, sodaß nach kurzer Zeit eine dominante Position, die tats{\"a}chliche Roboterposition,{\"u}brigbleibt.},
  subject      = {Mobiler Roboter},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Gutbrod1999,
  author    = {Gutbrod, Heidrun},
  title     = {Untersuchungen zur genetischen Kontrolle des Melanom-induzierenden Gens von Xiphophorus},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-1370},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {1999},
  abstract  = {Die Melanomentstehung bei R{\"u}ckkreuzungshybriden des Zahnkarpfens Xiphophorus wird durch die {\"U}berexpression des geschlechtschromosomalen Xmrk Onkogens verursacht. Im Wildtyp ist die Aktivit{\"a}t von Xmrk durch einen autosomalen Regulatorlocus R unterdr{\"u}ckt. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, Erkenntnisse {\"u}ber die Expressionsregulation des Xmrk Onkogens zu gewinnen. Dazu wurden einerseits Experimente zur Kartierung von R durchgef{\"u}hrt, die eine Positionsklonierung des Gens erlauben w{\"u}rden. Zum anderen konnte durch die Analyse verschiedener Xmrk Mutanten ein genregulatorisches Element im Xmrk Onkogen identifiziert werden.},
  subject      = {Schwertk{\"a}rpfling},
  language  = {de}
}