@article{ShekharHowellNedopiletal.2022,
  author    = {Shekhar, Adithya and Howell, Stephen M. and Nedopil, Alexander J. and Hull, Maury L.},
  title     = {Excellent and good results treating stiffness with early and late manipulation after unrestricted caliper-verified kinematically aligned TKA},
  series = {Journal of Personalized Medicine},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Journal of Personalized Medicine},
  number    = {2},
  issn      = {2075-4426},
  doi       = {10.3390/jpm12020304},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-262094},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) for stiffness within 6 to 12 weeks after mechanically aligned total knee arthroplasty (TKA) generally yields better outcome scores than an MUA performed later. However, the timing of MUA after unrestricted, caliper-verified, kinematically aligned (KA) TKA remains uncertain. A retrospective review identified 82 of 3558 (2.3\%) KA TKA patients treated with an MUA between 2010 and 2017. Thirty patients treated with an MUA within 3 months of the TKA (i.e., early) and 24 in the late group (i.e., >3 months) returned a questionnaire after a mean of 6 years and 5 years, respectively. Mean outcome scores for the early vs. late group were 78 vs. 62 for the Forgotten Joint Score (FJS) (p = 0.023) and 42 vs. 39 for the Oxford Knee Score (OKS) (p = 0.037). Subjectively, the early vs. late group responses indicated that 83\% vs. 67\% walked without a limp, 73\% vs. 54\% had normal extension, and 43\% vs. 25\% had normal flexion. An MUA within 3 months after unrestricted KA TKA provided excellent FJS and OKS at final follow-up relative to a late MUA. A late MUA performed after 3 months is worth consideration because of the good FJS and OKS scores, albeit with a risk of a persistent limp and limitation in knee extension and flexion.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HowellGillSheltonetal.2022,
  author    = {Howell, Stephen M. and Gill, Manpreet and Shelton, Trevor J. and Nedopil, Alexander J.},
  title     = {Reoperations are few and confined to the most valgus phenotypes 4 years after unrestricted calipered kinematically aligned TKA},
  series = {Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy},
  volume    = {30},
  journal   = {Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy},
  number    = {3},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00167-021-06473-3},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-265291},
  pages     = {948-957},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Purpose The present study determined the postoperative phenotypes after unrestricted calipered kinematically aligned (KA) total knee arthroplasty (TKA), whether any phenotypes were associated with reoperation, implant revision, and lower outcome scores at 4 years, and whether the proportion of TKAs within each phenotype was comparable to those of the nonarthritic contralateral limb. Methods From 1117 consecutive primary TKAs treated by one surgeon with unrestricted calipered KA, an observer identified all patients (N = 198) that otherwise had normal paired femora and tibiae on a long-leg CT scanogram. In both legs, the distal femur-mechanical axis angle (FMA), proximal tibia-mechanical axis angle (TMA), and the hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA) were measured. Each alignment angle was assigned to one of Hirschmann's five FMA, five TMA, and seven HKA phenotype categories. Results Three TKAs (1.5\%) underwent reoperation for anterior knee pain or patellofemoral instability in the subgroup of patients with the more valgus phenotypes. There were no implant revisions for component loosening, wear, or tibiofemoral instability. The median Forgotten Joint Score (FJS) was similar between phenotypes. The median Oxford Knee Score (OKS) was similar between the TMA and HKA phenotypes and greatest in the most varus FMA phenotype. The phenotype proportions after calipered KA TKA were comparable to the contralateral leg. Conclusion Unrestricted calipered KA's restoration of the wide range of phenotypes did not result in implant revision or poor FJS and OKS scores at a mean follow-up of 4 years. The few reoperated patients had a more valgus setting of the prosthetic trochlea than recommended for mechanical alignment. Designing a femoral component specifically for KA that restores patellofemoral kinematics with all phenotypes, especially the more valgus ones, is a strategy for reducing reoperation risk.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DhaliwalZamoraNedopiletal.2022,
  author    = {Dhaliwal, Anand and Zamora, Tomas and Nedopil, Alexander J. and Howell, Stephen M. and Hull, Maury L.},
  title     = {Six commonly used postoperative radiographic alignment parameters do not predict clinical outcome scores after unrestricted caliper-verified kinematically aligned TKA},
  series = {Journal of Personalized Medicine},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Journal of Personalized Medicine},
  number    = {9},
  issn      = {2075-4426},
  doi       = {10.3390/jpm12091468},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-288186},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Background: Unrestricted caliper-verified kinematically aligned (KA) TKA restores patient's prearthritic coronal and sagittal alignments, which have a wide range containing outliers that concern the surgeon practicing mechanical alignment (MA). Therefore, knowing which radiographic parameters are associated with dissatisfaction could help a surgeon decide whether to rely on them as criteria for revising an unhappy patient with a primary KA TKA using MA principles. Hence, we determined whether the femoral mechanical angle (FMA), hip-knee-ankle angle (HKAA), tibial mechanical angle (TMA), tibial slope angle (TSA), and the indicators of patellofemoral tracking, including patella tilt angle (PTA) and the lateral undercoverage of the trochlear resection (LUCTR), are associated with clinical outcome scores. Methods: Forty-three patients with a CT scan and skyline radiograph after a KA TKA with PCL retention and medial stabilized design were analyzed. Linear regression determined the strength of the association between the FMA, HKA angle, PTS, PTA, and LUCTR and the forgotten joint score (FJS), Oxford knee score (OKS), and KOOS Jr score obtained at a mean of 23 months. Results: There was no correlation between the FMA (range 2° varus to -10° valgus), HKAA (range 10° varus to -9° valgus), TMA (range 10° varus to -0° valgus), TSA (range 14° posterior to -4° anterior), PTA (range, -10° medial to 14° lateral), and the LUCTR resection (range 2 to 9 mm) and the FJS (median 83), the OKS (median 44), and the KOOS Jr (median 85) (r = 0.000 to 0.079). Conclusions: Surgeons should be cautious about using postoperative FMA, HKAA, TMA, TSA, PTA, and LUCTR values within the present study's reported ranges to explain success and dissatisfaction after KA TKA.},
  language  = {en}
}