@article{BarnekowSchartl1987,
  author    = {Barnekow, A. and Schartl, Manfred},
  title     = {Comparative studies on the src proto-oncogene and its gene product pp60\(^{c-src}\) in normal and neoplastic tissues of lower vertebrates},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61869},
  year      = {1987},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Physiologische Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BarnekowPaulSchartl1987,
  author    = {Barnekow, A. and Paul, E. and Schartl, Manfred},
  title     = {Expression of the c-src protooncogene in human skin tumors},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61870},
  year      = {1987},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Physiologische Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AnelliOrdasKneitzetal.2018,
  author    = {Anelli, Viviana and Ordas, Anita and Kneitz, Susanne and Sagredo, Leonel Munoz and Gourain, Victor and Schartl, Manfred and Meijer, Annemarie H. and Mione, Marina},
  title     = {Ras-Induced miR-146a and 193a Target Jmjd6 to Regulate Melanoma Progression},
  series = {Frontiers in Genetics},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Genetics},
  number    = {675},
  issn      = {1664-8021},
  doi       = {10.3389/fgene.2018.00675},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196963},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Ras genes are among the most commonly mutated genes in human cancer; yet our understanding of their oncogenic activity at the molecular mechanistic level is incomplete. To identify downstream events that mediate ras-induced cellular transformation in vivo, we analyzed global microRNA expression in three different models of Ras-induction and tumor formation in zebrafish. Six microRNAs were found increased in Ras-induced melanoma, glioma and in an inducible model of ubiquitous Ras expression. The upregulation of the microRNAs depended on the activation of the ERK and AKT pathways and to a lesser extent, on mTOR signaling. Two Ras-induced microRNAs (miR-146a and 193a) target Jmjd6, inducing downregulation of its mRNA and protein levels at the onset of Ras expression during melanoma development. However, at later stages of melanoma progression, jmjd6 levels were found elevated. The dynamic of Jmjd6 levels during progression of melanoma in the zebrafish model suggests that upregulation of the microRNAs targeting Jmjd6 may be part of an anti-cancer response. Indeed, triple transgenic fish engineered to express a microRNA-resistant Jmjd6 from the onset of melanoma have increased tumor burden, higher infiltration of leukocytes and shorter melanoma-free survival. Increased JMJD6 expression is found in several human cancers, including melanoma, suggesting that the up-regulation of Jmjd6 is a critical event in tumor progression. The following link has been created to allow review of record GSE37015: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?token=jjcrbiuicyyqgpc\&acc=GSE37015.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{AndersSchartlBarnekow1984,
  author    = {Anders, Fritz and Schartl, Manfred and Barnekow, Angelika},
  title     = {Xiphophorus as an in vivo model for studies on oncogenes},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86398},
  year      = {1984},
  abstract  = {The capacity of Xiphophorus to develop neoplasia can be formally assigned to a "tumor gene" (Tu), which appears to be a normal part of the genome of all individuals. The wild fish have evolved population-specific and cell type-specific systems of regulatory genes (R) for Tu that protect the fish from neoplasia. Hybridization of members of different wild populations in the laborstory followed by treatment of the hybrids with carcinogens led to disintegration of the R systems permitting excessive expression of Tu and thus resulting in neoplasia. Certain hybrids developed neoplasia even spontaneously. Observations on the genuine phenotypic effect of the derepressed Tu in the early embryo indicated an essential normal function of this oncogene in cell differentiation, proliferation and cell-cell communication. Tu appeared to be indispensable in the genome but may also be present in accessory copics. Recently, c-src, the cellular homolog of the Rous sarcoma virus oncogene v-src, was detected in Xiphophorus. The protein product of c-src, pp60c-src, was identified and then examined by its associated kinase activity. This pp60c-src was found in all individuals tested, but, depending on the genotype, its kinase activity was different. The genetic characters of c-src, such as linkage relations, dosage relations, expression, etc., correspond to those of Tu. From a systematic study which showed that pp60c-src was present in all metazoa tested ranging from mammals down to sponges, we concluded that c-src has evolved with the multicellular organization of animals. Neoplasia of animals and humans is a characteristic closely related to this evolution. Our data showed that small aquariurn fish, besides being used successfully because they are time-, space-, and money-saving systems for carcinogenicity testing, are also highly suitable for basic studies on neoplasia at the populational, morphological, developmental, cell biological, and molecular levels.},
  subject      = {Schwertk{\"a}rpfling},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{AndersSchollSchartl1981,
  author    = {Anders, F. and Scholl, E. and Schartl, Manfred},
  title     = {Environmental and hereditary factors in the causation of neoplasia, based on studies of the Xiphophorus fish melanoma system},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86402},
  year      = {1981},
  abstract  = {Neoplasia in Xiphophorus can be classified into: a) a Jarge group triggered by carcinogens; b) a large group triggered by promoters; and c) a small group that develops "spontaneously" according to Mendelian Jaw. The process leading to susceptibility for neoplasia is represented by the disintegration of gene systems that normally protect the fish from neoplasia. Interpopulational arid interracial hybridization is the most effective process that Ieads to disintegration of the protective gene systems. Environmental factors may complete disintegration in somatic cells and thus may trigger neoplasia. The applications of the findings on Xiphophorus to humans are discussed.},
  subject      = {Schwertk{\"a}rpfling},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{AndersSchartlScholl1981,
  author    = {Anders, F. and Schartl, Manfred and Scholl, E.},
  title     = {Evaluation of environmental and hereditary factors in carcinogenesis, based on studies in Xiphophorus},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-72741},
  year      = {1981},
  abstract  = {Neoplasia in Xiphophorus can be classified into a) a large group that is triggered by carcinogens; b) a large group triggered by promoters; c) a small group that develops "spontaneously" following interpopulational and interracial hybridizations; and d) a small group that develops "spontaneously" following germ line mutation. The process leading to susceptibility for neoplasia is represented by the disintegration of gene systems that normally protect the fish from neoplasia. Hybridization is the most effective process that leads to disintegration of the protection gene systems. Environmental factors may complete disintegration and thus may trigger neoplasia. It is discussed whether the findings on Xiphophorus may also apply to humans.},
  subject      = {Schwertk{\"a}rpfling},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AndersSchartlBarnekowetal.1985,
  author    = {Anders, F. and Schartl, Manfred and Barnekow, A. and Schmidt, C. R. and Luke, W. and Jaenel-Dess, G. and Anders, A.},
  title     = {The genes that carcinogens act upon},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-72704},
  year      = {1985},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  subject      = {Onkogen},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{AltschmiedSchartl1994,
  author    = {Altschmied, Joachim and Schartl, Manfred},
  title     = {Genetics and molecular biology of tumour formation in Xiphophorus},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-69752},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {1994},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  subject      = {Schwertk{\"a}rpfling},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AdolfiHerpinRegensburgeretal.2016,
  author    = {Adolfi, Mateus C. and Herpin, Amaury and Regensburger, Martina and Sacquegno, Jacopo and Waxman, Joshua S. and Schartl, Manfred},
  title     = {Retinoic acid and meiosis induction in adult versus embryonic gonads of medaka},
  series = {Scientific Reports},
  volume    = {6},
  journal   = {Scientific Reports},
  doi       = {10.1038/srep34281},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147843},
  pages     = {34281},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {In vertebrates, one of the first recognizable sex differences in embryos is the onset of meiosis, known to be regulated by retinoic acid (RA) in mammals. We investigated in medaka a possible meiotic function of RA during the embryonic sex determination (SD) period and in mature gonads. We found RA mediated transcriptional activation in germ cells of both sexes much earlier than the SD stage, however, no such activity during the critical stages of SD. In adults, expression of the RA metabolizing enzymes indicates sexually dimorphic RA levels. In testis, RA acts directly in Sertoli, Leydig and pre-meiotic germ cells. In ovaries, RA transcriptional activity is highest in meiotic oocytes. Our results show that RA plays an important role in meiosis induction and gametogenesis in adult medaka but contrary to common expectations, not for initiating the first meiosis in female germ cells at the SD stage.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AdolfiHerpinMartinezBengocheaetal.2021,
  author    = {Adolfi, Mateus C. and Herpin, Amaury and Martinez-Bengochea, Anabel and Kneitz, Susanne and Regensburger, Martina and Grunwald, David J. and Schartl, Manfred},
  title     = {Crosstalk Between Retinoic Acid and Sex-Related Genes Controls Germ Cell Fate and Gametogenesis in Medaka},
  series = {Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology},
  issn      = {2296-634X},
  doi       = {10.3389/fcell.2020.613497},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-222669},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Sex determination (SD) is a highly diverse and complex mechanism. In vertebrates, one of the first morphological differences between the sexes is the timing of initiation of the first meiosis, where its initiation occurs first in female and later in male. Thus, SD is intimately related to the responsiveness of the germ cells to undergo meiosis in a sex-specific manner. In some vertebrates, it has been reported that the timing for meiosis entry would be under control of retinoic acid (RA), through activation of Stra8. In this study, we used a fish model species for sex determination and lacking the stra8 gene, the Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes), to investigate the connection between RA and the sex determination pathway. Exogenous RA treatments act as a stress factor inhibiting germ cell differentiation probably by activation of dmrt1a and amh. Disruption of the RA degrading enzyme gene cyp26a1 induced precocious meiosis and oogenesis in embryos/hatchlings of female and even some males. Transcriptome analyzes of cyp26a1-/-adult gonads revealed upregulation of genes related to germ cell differentiation and meiosis, in both ovaries and testes. Our findings show that germ cells respond to RA in a stra8 independent model species. The responsiveness to RA is conferred by sex-related genes, restricting its action to the sex differentiation period in both sexes.},
  language  = {en}
}