@article{DandekarFieselmannPoppetal.2012, author = {Dandekar, Thomas and Fieselmann, Astrid and Popp, Jasmin and Hensel, Michael}, title = {Salmonella enterica: a surprisingly well-adapted intracellular lifestyle}, series = {Frontiers in Microbiology}, journal = {Frontiers in Microbiology}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-123135}, year = {2012}, abstract = {The infectious intracellular lifestyle of Salmonella enterica relies on the adaptation to nutritional conditions within the Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV) in host cells. We summarize latest results on metabolic requirements for Salmonella during infection. This includes intracellular phenotypes of mutant strains based on metabolic modeling and experimental tests, isotopolog profiling using (13)C-compounds in intracellular Salmonella, and complementation of metabolic defects for attenuated mutant strains towards a comprehensive understanding of the metabolic requirements of the intracellular lifestyle of Salmonella. Helpful for this are also genomic comparisons. We outline further recent studies and which analyses of intracellular phenotypes and improved metabolic simulations were done and comment on technical required steps as well as progress involved in the iterative refinement of metabolic flux models, analyses of mutant phenotypes, and isotopolog analyses. Salmonella lifestyle is well-adapted to the SCV and its specific metabolic requirements. Salmonella metabolism adapts rapidly to SCV conditions, the metabolic generalist Salmonella is quite successful in host infection.}, language = {en} } @article{AmichKrappmann2012, author = {Amich, Jorge and Krappmann, Sven}, title = {Deciphering metabolic traits of the fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus: redundancy vs. essentiality}, series = {Frontiers in Microbiology}, volume = {3}, journal = {Frontiers in Microbiology}, doi = {10.3389/fmicb.2012.00414}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-123669}, pages = {414}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Incidence rates of infections caused by environmental opportunistic fungi have risen over recent decades. Aspergillus species have emerged as serious threat for the immunecompromised, and detailed knowledge about virulence-determining traits is crucial for drug target identification. As a prime saprobe, A. fumigatus has evolved to efficiently adapt to various stresses and to sustain nutritional supply by osmotrophy, which is characterized by extracellular substrate digestion followed by efficient uptake of breakdown products that are then fed into the fungal primary metabolism. These intrinsic metabolic features are believed to be related with its virulence ability. The plethora of genes that encode underlying effectors has hampered their in-depth analysis with respect to pathogenesis. Recent developments in Aspergillus molecular biology allow conditional gene expression or comprehensive targeting of gene families to cope with redundancy. Furthermore, identification of essential genes that are intrinsically connected to virulence opens accurate perspectives for novel targets in antifungal therapy.}, language = {en} }