@phdthesis{EscalantePerez2010,
  author    = {Escalante Perez, Maria},
  title     = {Poplar responses to biotic and abiotic stress},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-46893},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {In this study poplar trees have been examined under different stress conditions. Apart from the detailed descriptions above two main conclusions might be drawn: i) A small plant like Arabidopsis thaliana is highly susceptible to stress situations that might become life-threatening compared to a tree that has extremely more biomass at its disposal. Such an organism might be able to compensate severe stress much longer than a smaller one. It seems therefore reasonable that a crop like Arabidopsis reacts earlier and faster to a massive threat. ii) In poplar both tested stress responses seemed to be regulated by hormones. The reactions to abiotic salt stress are mainly controlled by ABA, which also has a strong impact upon cold and drought stress situations. The term commonly used for ABA is "stress hormone" and is at least applicable to all abiotic stresses. In case of herbivory (biotic stress), jasmonic acid appears to be the key-player that coordinates the defence mechanism underlying extrafloral nectary and nectar production. Thus the presented work has gained a few more insights into the complex network of general stress induced processes of poplar trees. Future studies will help to understand the particular role of the intriguing indirect defence system of the extrafloral nectaries in more detail.},
  subject      = {abiotic stress},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Kuhlmann2009,
  author    = {Kuhlmann, Franziska},
  title     = {The influence of ultraviolet radiation on plant-insect interactions},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-39608},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {Plants must respond to multiple stimuli in a natural environment. Therefore they need the ability to rapidly reorganise and specifically build up appropriate metabolites to adapt to their environment. Abiotic cues, such as ambient solar radiation, influence the next trophic level directly, but also an altered plant composition triggered by these environmental cues can have an effect on the behaviour of herbivores. The aim of this study was to test effects of the important ultraviolet (UV) radiation on plants and on plant-insect interactions using multi-level investigations. The focus was on the conduction of controlled experiments with broccoli plants in highly engineered greenhouses covered with innovative materials, which only differed in their UV-B transmission. For the first time in this controlled environment the plant-mediated UV-B effects on phloem-feeding aphids were studied. Broccoli plants (Brassica oleracea L. convar. botrytis, Brassicaceae) were under filter tents either exposed to (inclusion, +UV) or not exposed to (exclusion, -UV) UV-A / UV-B radiation. In greenhouses covered with new, innovative materials transmitting high (80\%), medium (23\%) or low (4\%) levels of ambient solar UV-B radiation, in particular the influence of UV-B radiation on broccoli was examined. Plants respond highly specific to environmental stimuli such as UV-B radiation and herbivory. UV-B radiation has a strong impact on the plants' architecture and flavonoid contents, which can in turn influence plant-insect interactions. Phloem-feeding aphids can be negatively affected by UV-B mediated plant changes. However, a direct effect of UV radiation on the behaviour of herbivores is also evident. Mainly the number, composition and quality of herbivorous species as well as an exceeding of a certain infestation threshold determine the mode of plant changes. In conclusion, UV-B radiation has the potential to harden plants against herbivores and simultaneously increases the concentrations of valuable secondary metabolites for human nutrition in important crop species such as broccoli.},
  subject      = {ultraviolette Strahlung},
  language  = {en}
}