@article{AvotaSchneiderSchaulies2014,
  author    = {Avota, Elita and Schneider-Schaulies, Sibylle},
  title     = {The Role of Sphingomyelin Breakdown in Measles Virus Immunmodulation},
  series = {Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry},
  volume    = {34},
  journal   = {Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry},
  number    = {1},
  issn      = {1015-8987},
  doi       = {10.1159/000362981},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-120004},
  pages     = {20-26},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Measles virus (MV) efficiently causes generalized immunosuppression which accounts to a major extent for cases of measles-asscociated severe morbidity and mortality. MV infections alter many functions of antigen presenting cells (APC) (dendritic cells (DCs)) and lymphocytes, yet many molecular targets of the virus remain poorly defined. Cellular interactions and effector functions of DCs and lymphocytes are regulated by surface receptors. Associating with other proteins involved in cell signaling, receptors form part of receptosomes that respond to and transmit external signals through dynamic interctions with the cytoskeleton. Alterations in the composition and metabolism of membrane sphingolipids have a substantial impact on both processes. In this review we focus on the regulation of sphingomyelinase activity and ceramide release in cells exposed to MV and discuss the immunosuppressive role of sphingomyelin breakdown induced by MV.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HaistStegeLangetal.2022,
  author    = {Haist, Maximilian and Stege, Henner and Lang, Berenice Mareen and Tsochataridou, Aikaterini and Salzmann, Martin and Mohr, Peter and Schadendorf, Dirk and Ugurel, Selma and Placke, Jan-Malte and Weichenthal, Michael and Gutzmer, Ralf and Leiter, Ulrike and Kaatz, Martin and Haferkamp, Sebastian and Berking, Carola and Heppt, Markus and Tschechne, Barbara and Schummer, Patrick and Gebhardt, Christoffer and Grabbe, Stephan and Loquai, Carmen},
  title     = {Response to first-line treatment with immune-checkpoint inhibitors in patients with advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a multicenter, retrospective analysis from the German ADOReg registry},
  series = {Cancers},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {Cancers},
  number    = {22},
  issn      = {2072-6694},
  doi       = {10.3390/cancers14225543},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-297506},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a common malignancy of the skin and has an overall favorable outcome, except for patients with an advanced stage of the disease. The efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors (CPI) for advanced cSCC has been demonstrated in recent clinical studies, but data from real-world cohorts and trial-ineligible cSCC patients are limited. We retrospectively investigated patients with advanced cSCC who have been treated with CPI in a first-line setting at eight German skin cancer centers registered within the multicenter registry ADOReg. Clinical outcome parameters including response, progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS), time-to-next-treatment (TTNT), and toxicity were analyzed and have been stratified by the individual immune status. Among 39 evaluable patients, the tumor response rate (rwTRR) was 48.6\%, the median PFS was 29.0 months, and the median OS was not reached. In addition, 9 patients showed an impaired immune status due to immunosuppressive medication or hematological diseases. Our data demonstrated that CPI also evoked tumor responses among immunocompromised patients (rwTRR: 48.1 vs. 50.0\%), although these responses less often resulted in durable remissions. In line with this, the median PFS (11 vs. 40 months, p = 0.059), TTNT (12 months vs. NR, p = 0.016), and OS (29 months vs. NR, p < 0.001) were significantly shorter for this patient cohort. CPI therapy was well tolerated in both subcohorts with 15\% discontinuing therapy due to toxicity. Our real-world data show that first-line CPI therapy produced strong and durable responses among patients with advanced cSCC. Immunocompromised patients were less likely to achieve long-term benefit from anti-PD1 treatment, despite similar tumor response rates.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GernertTonyFroehlichetal.2022,
  author    = {Gernert, Michael and Tony, Hans-Peter and Fr{\"o}hlich, Matthias and Schwaneck, Eva Christina and Schmalzing, Marc},
  title     = {Immunosuppressive therapy after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in systemic sclerosis patients — high efficacy of Rituximab},
  series = {Frontiers in Immunology},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Immunology},
  issn      = {1664-3224},
  doi       = {10.3389/fimmu.2021.817893},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-254345},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Background Systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients often need immunosuppressive medication (IS) for disease control. If SSc is progressive despite IS, autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) is a treatment option for selected SSc patients. aHSCT is effective with good available evidence, but not all patients achieve a treatment-free remission after aHSCT. Thus far, data about the need of IS after aHSCT in SSc is not published. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of IS after aHSCT, its efficacy, and the occurrence of severe adverse events (SAEs). Methods Twenty-seven patients with SSc who had undergone aHSCT were included in this single-center retrospective cohort study. Clinical data, including IS, SAEs, and lung function data, were collected. Results Sixteen of 27 (59.3\%) patients received IS after aHSCT. Methotrexate, rituximab, mycophenolate, cyclophosphamide, and hydroxychloroquine were most commonly used. The main reason for starting IS was SSc progress. Nine patients received rituximab after aHSCT and showed an improvement in modified Rodnan skin score and a stabilization of lung function 2 years after rituximab. SAEs in patients with IS after aHSCT (50.0\%) were not more common than in patients without IS (54.6\%). SAEs were mostly due to SSc progress, secondary autoimmune diseases, or infections. Two deaths after aHSCT were transplantation related and three during long-term follow-up due to pulmonary arterial hypertension. Conclusion Disease progression and secondary autoimmune diseases may necessitate IS after aHSCT in SSc. Rituximab seems to be an efficacious treatment option in this setting. Long-term data on the safety of aHSCT is reassuring.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WaagaKrzymanskiUlrichsetal.1993,
  author    = {Waaga, AM and Krzymanski, M. and Ulrichs, Karin and Wierusz-Wysocka, Bogna and M{\"u}ller-Buchholtz, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Hematological effects of the new immunosuppressive drug 15-deoxyspergualin},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-44701},
  year      = {1993},
  abstract  = {Since systematic hematological studies on blood and bone marrow changes after treatment with 15-Deoxyspergualin (DOS) are lacking, a quantitative assessment was performed fourteen or twenty eight days after intraperitoneal application of DOS to rats. Further observations done 7 and 14 days after discontinuation of DOS administration allowed analysis of banc marrow regeneration. DOS induced lymphocytopenia, granUlocytopenia and anemia with a decrease of bone marrow cellularity due to suppression of cell maturation. The effect was dose-dependent and bone marrow as well as blood changes were observed in animals treated with doses from 0.5 to 10.0 mg/kg DOS. Within 14 days after termination of the treatment, rapid recovery with normalization of all hematological parameters was observed. In the light of our data, these hematological side effects may not be a major disadvantage, if DOS is used in doses below 2.5 mg/kg, and for a course of therapy which is limited to 7 to 14 days.},
  subject      = {Chirurgie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WagnerDrouetTeschnerWolschkeetal.2021,
  author    = {Wagner-Drouet, Eva and Teschner, Daniel and Wolschke, Christine and Sch{\"a}fer-Eckart, Kerstin and G{\"a}rtner, Johannes and Mielke, Stephan and Schreder, Martin and Kobbe, Guido and Hilgendorf, Inken and Klein, Stefan and Verbeek, Mareike and Ditschkowski, Markus and Koch, Martina and Lindemann, Monika and Schmidt, Traudel and Rascle, Anne and Barabas, Sascha and Deml, Ludwig and Wagner, Ralf and Wolff, Daniel},
  title     = {Comparison of cytomegalovirus-specific immune cell response to proteins versus peptides using an IFN-γ ELISpot assay after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation},
  series = {Diagnostics},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Diagnostics},
  number    = {2},
  issn      = {2075-4418},
  doi       = {10.3390/diagnostics11020312},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-228843},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Measuring CMV-specific cellular immunity may improve the risk stratification and management of patients. IFN-γ ELISpot assays, based on the stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with CMV pp65 and IE-1 proteins or peptides, have been validated in clinical settings. However, it remains unclear to which extend the T-cell response to synthetic peptides reflect that mediated by full-length proteins processed by antigen-presenting cells. We compared the stimulating ability of pp65 and IE-1 proteins and corresponding overlapping peptides in 16 HSCT recipients using a standardized IFN-γ ELISpot assay. Paired qualitative test results showed an overall 74.4\% concordance. Discordant results were mainly due to low-response tests, with one exception. One patient with early CMV reactivation and graft-versus-host disease, sustained CMV DNAemia and high CD8\(^+\) counts showed successive negative protein-based ELISpot results but a high and sustained response to IE-1 peptides. Our results suggest that the response to exogenous proteins, which involves their uptake and processing by antigen-presenting cells, more closely reflects the physiological response to CMV infection, while the response to exogenous peptides may lead to artificial in vitro T-cell responses, especially in strongly immunosuppressed patients.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RiegerLissMellinghoffetal.2018,
  author    = {Rieger, C. T. and Liss, B. and Mellinghoff, S. and Buchheidt, D. and Cornely, O. A. and Egerer, G. and Heinz, W. J. and Hentrich, M. and Maschmeyer, G. and Mayer, K. and Sandherr, M. and Silling, G. and Ullmann, A. and Vehreschild, M. J. G. T. and von Lilienfeld-Toal, M. and Wolf, H. H. and Lehners, N.},
  title     = {Anti-infective vaccination strategies in patients with hematologic malignancies or solid tumors-Guideline of the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society for Hematology and Medical Oncology (DGHO)},
  series = {Annals of Oncology},
  volume    = {29},
  journal   = {Annals of Oncology},
  number    = {6},
  doi       = {10.1093/annonc/mdy117},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-226196},
  pages     = {1354-1365},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Infectious complications are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with malignancies specifically when receiving anticancer treatments. Prevention of infection through vaccines is an important aspect of clinical care of cancer patients. Immunocompromising effects of the underlying disease as well as of antineoplastic therapies need to be considered when devising vaccination strategies. This guideline provides clinical recommendations on vaccine use in cancer patients including autologous stem cell transplant recipients, while allogeneic stem cell transplantation is subject of a separate guideline. The document was prepared by the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society for Hematology and Medical Oncology (DGHO) by reviewing currently available data and applying evidence-based medicine criteria.},
  language  = {en}
}