@article{EvdokimovDinkelFranketal.2020,
  author    = {Evdokimov, Dimitar and Dinkel, Philine and Frank, Johanna and Sommer, Claudia and {\"U}{\c{c}}eyler, Nurcan},
  title     = {Characterization of dermal skin innervation in fibromyalgia syndrome},
  series = {PLoS One},
  volume    = {15},
  journal   = {PLoS One},
  number    = {1},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0227674},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-229299},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Introduction We characterized dermal innervation in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) as potential contribution to small fiber pathology. Methods Skin biopsies of the calf were collected (86 FMS patients, 35 healthy controls). Skin was immunoreacted with antibodies against protein gene product 9.5, calcitonine gene-related peptide, substance P, CD31, and neurofilament 200 for small fiber subtypes. We assessed two skin sections per patient; on each skin section, two dermal areas (150 x 700 mu m each) were investigated for dermal nerve fiber length (DNFL). Results In FMS patients we found reduced DNFL of fibers with vessel contact compared to healthy controls (p<0.05). There were no differences for the other nerve fiber subtypes. Discussion We found less dermal nerve fibers in contact with blood vessels in FMS patients than in controls. The pathophysiological relevance of this finding is unclear, but we suggest the possibility of a relationship with impaired thermal tolerance commonly reported by FMS patients.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ElhfnawyElsalamawyAbdelraoufetal.2020,
  author    = {Elhfnawy, Ahmed Mohamed and Elsalamawy, Doaa and Abdelraouf, Mervat and Schliesser, Mira and Volkmann, Jens and Fluri, Felix},
  title     = {Red flags for a concomitant giant cell arteritis in patients with vertebrobasilar stroke: a cross-sectional study and systematic review},
  series = {Acta Neurologica Belgica},
  volume    = {120},
  journal   = {Acta Neurologica Belgica},
  number    = {6},
  issn      = {0300-9009},
  doi       = {10.1007/s13760-020-01344-z},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-315610},
  pages     = {1389-1398},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Giant cell arteritis (GCA) may affect the brain-supplying arteries, resulting in ischemic stroke, whereby the vertebrobasilar territory is most often involved. Since etiology is unknown in 25\% of stroke patients and GCA is hardly considered as a cause, we examined in a pilot study, whether screening for GCA after vertebrobasilar stroke might unmask an otherwise missed disease. Consecutive patients with vertebrobasilar stroke were prospectively screened for GCA using erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), hemoglobin, and halo sign of the temporal and vertebral artery on ultrasound. Furthermore, we conducted a systematic literature review for relevant studies. Sixty-five patients were included, and two patients (3.1\%) were diagnosed with GCA. Patients with GCA were older in age (median 85 versus 69 years, p = 0.02). ESR and CRP were significantly increased and hemoglobin was significantly lower in GCA patients compared to non-GCA patients (median, 75 versus 11 mm in 1 h, p = 0.001; 3.84 versus 0.25 mg/dl, p = 0.01, 10.4 versus 14.6 mg/dl, p = 0.003, respectively). Multiple stenoses/occlusions in the vertebrobasilar territory affected our two GCA patients (100\%), but only five (7.9\%) non-GCA patients (p = 0.01). Our literature review identified 13 articles with 136 stroke patients with concomitant GCA. Those were old in age. Headache, increased inflammatory markers, and anemia were frequently reported. Multiple stenoses/occlusions in the vertebrobasilar territory affected around 70\% of stroke patients with GCA. Increased inflammatory markers, older age, anemia, and multiple stenoses/occlusions in the vertebrobasilar territory may be regarded as red flags for GCA among patients with vertebrobasilar stroke.},
  language  = {en}
}