@article{BaaderKianiBrunkhorstKanaanetal.2020,
  author    = {Baader, Anna and Kiani, Behnaz and Brunkhorst-Kanaan, Nathalie and Kittel-Schneider, Sarah and Reif, Andreas and Grimm, Oliver},
  title     = {A within-sample comparison of two innovative neuropsychological tests for assessing ADHD},
  series = {Brain Sciences},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Brain Sciences},
  number    = {1},
  issn      = {2076-3425},
  doi       = {10.3390/brainsci11010036},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-220089},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {New innovative neuropsychological tests in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD have been proposed as objective measures for diagnosis and therapy. The current study aims to investigate two different commercial continuous performance tests (CPT) in a head-to-head comparison regarding their comparability and their link with clinical parameters. The CPTs were evaluated in a clinical sample of 29 adult patients presenting in an ADHD outpatient clinic. Correlational analyses were performed between neuropsychological data, clinical rating scales, and a personality-based measure. Though inattention was found to positively correlate between the two tests (r = 0.49, p = 0.01), no association with clinical measures and inattention was found for both tests. While hyperactivity did not correlate between both tests, current ADHD symptoms were positively associated with Nesplora Aquarium's motor activity (r = 0.52 to 0.61, p < 0.05) and the Qb-Test's hyperactivity (r = 0.52 to 0.71, p < 0.05). Conclusively, the overall comparability of the tests was limited and correlation with clinical parameters was low. While our study shows some interesting correlation between clinical symptoms and sub-scales of these tests, usage in clinical practice is not recommended.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BiereKranzMaturaetal.2020,
  author    = {Biere, Silvia and Kranz, Thorsten M. and Matura, Silke and Petrova, Kristiyana and Streit, Fabian and Chiocchetti, Andreas G. and Grimm, Oliver and Brum, Murielle and Brunkhorst-Kanaan, Natalie and Oertel, Viola and Malyshau, Aliaksandr and Pfennig, Andrea and Bauer, Michael and Schulze, Thomas G. and Kittel-Schneider, Sarah and Reif, Andreas},
  title     = {Risk Stratification for Bipolar Disorder Using Polygenic Risk Scores Among Young High-Risk Adults},
  series = {Frontiers in Psychiatry},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Psychiatry},
  doi       = {10.3389/fpsyt.2020.552532},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-214976},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Objective: Identifying high-risk groups with an increased genetic liability for bipolar disorder (BD) will provide insights into the etiology of BD and contribute to early detection of BD. We used the BD polygenic risk score (PRS) derived from BD genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to explore how such genetic risk manifests in young, high-risk adults. We postulated that BD-PRS would be associated with risk factors for BD. Methods: A final sample of 185 young, high-risk German adults (aged 18-35 years) were grouped into three risk groups and compared to a healthy control group (n = 1,100). The risk groups comprised 117 cases with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), 45 with major depressive disorder (MDD), and 23 help-seeking adults with early recognition symptoms [ER: positive family history for BD, (sub)threshold affective symptomatology and/or mood swings, sleeping disorder]. BD-PRS was computed for each participant. Logistic regression models (controlling for sex, age, and the first five ancestry principal components) were used to assess associations of BD-PRS and the high-risk phenotypes. Results: We observed an association between BD-PRS and combined risk group status (OR = 1.48, p < 0.001), ADHD diagnosis (OR = 1.32, p = 0.009), MDD diagnosis (OR = 1.96, p < 0.001), and ER group status (OR = 1.7, p = 0.025; not significant after correction for multiple testing) compared to healthy controls. Conclusions: In the present study, increased genetic risk for BD was a significant predictor for MDD and ADHD status, but not for ER. These findings support an underlying shared risk for both MDD and BD as well as ADHD and BD. Improving our understanding of the underlying genetic architecture of these phenotypes may aid in early identification and risk stratification.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KittelSchneiderWolffQueiseretal.2019,
  author    = {Kittel-Schneider, Sarah and Wolff, Sarah and Queiser, Kristin and Wessendorf, Leonie and Meier, Anna Maria and Verdenhalven, Moritz and Brunkhorst-Kanaan, Nathalie and Grimm, Oliver and McNeill, Rhiannon and Grabow, Sascha and Reimertz, Christoph and Nau, Christoph and Klos, Michelle and Reif, Andreas},
  title     = {Prevalence of ADHD in accident victims: results of the PRADA study},
  series = {Journal of Clinical Medicine},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Journal of Clinical Medicine},
  number    = {10},
  issn      = {2077-0383},
  doi       = {10.3390/jcm8101643},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-193293},
  pages     = {1643},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Background: Recent research has shown an increased risk of accidents and injuries in ADHD patients, which could potentially be reduced by stimulant treatment. Therefore, the first aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of adult ADHD in a trauma surgery population. The second aim was to investigate accident mechanisms and circumstances which could be specific to ADHD patients, in comparison to the general population. Methods: We screened 905 accident victims for ADHD using the ASRS 18-item self-report questionnaire. The basic demographic data and circumstances of the accidents were also assessed. Results: Prevalence of adult ADHD was found to be 6.18\% in our trauma surgery patient sample. ADHD accident victims reported significantly higher rates of distraction, stress and overconfidence in comparison to non-ADHD accident victims. Overconfidence and being in thoughts as causal mechanisms for the accidents remained significantly higher in ADHD patients after correction for multiple comparison. ADHD patients additionally reported a history of multiple accidents. Conclusion: The majority of ADHD patients in our sample had not previously been diagnosed and were therefore not receiving treatment. The results subsequently suggest that general ADHD screening in trauma surgery patients may be useful in preventing further accidents in ADHD patients. Furthermore, psychoeducation regarding specific causal accident mechanisms could be implemented in ADHD therapy to decrease accident incidence rate},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Grimm2003,
  author    = {Grimm, Oliver},
  title     = {Mutationsanalyse des Gens f{\"u}r das Zelladh{\"a}sionsmolek{\"u}l CELSR1bei famili{\"a}rer katatoner Schizophrenie},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-9207},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {In einer k{\"u}rzlich durchgef{\"u}hrten Kopplungsanalyse der periodischen Katatonie wurden zwei Genlo­ci auf Chromosom 15 und auf Chromosom 22 identifiziert. F{\"u}r den Genlocus auf Chro­mosom 22p13.3 wurde ein LOD-Score von 1,85 (p=0,0018) ermittelt. Bei einer Durchsicht der in der fragli­chen Region auf Chromosom 22 lokalisierten Gene unter Ber{\"u}cksichtigung ihrer Funkti­on, erschien CELSR1 als eines der vielversprechendsten Gene, nicht zuletzt, da es relativ selektiv im Nervensys­tem exprimiert wird. CELSR1 ist ein zur Gruppe der Cadherine geh{\"o}rendes Zellad­h{\"a}sionsmolek{\"u}l. Cadherine spielen eine wichtige Rolle bei der Entwicklung des Gehirns, da sie eine Art Zell­sortiermechanismus darstellen, der die Bildung spezifischer Hirnnuclei durch Zella­greggation erm{\"o}glicht. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus sind sie an der synaptischen Plastizit{\"a}t, wie sie bei neuro­nalen Lernvor­g{\"a}ngen vorkommt, beteiligt [Huntley, (2002); Skaper, (2001)]. CELSR1 bildet in­nerhalb der Cadhe­rine eine eigene Subgruppe. Seine Funktion scheint zum einen in der fr{\"u}hen Embryonalentwicklung zu liegen, zum anderen ist das Drosophila-Ortholog Flamingo einer der wichtigsten Modulatoren des Dendritenwachstums. Dementsprechend erscheint CELSR1 als in­teressanter Kandidat f{\"u}r Schizo­phrenien, bei denen sowohl St{\"o}rungen in der Embryogenese des Gehirns, als auch eine Dysregulati­on der synaptischen Plastizit{\"a}t diskutiert wird. CELSR1 wurde in einer mutmaßlichen Promotorregion, dem Exonbereich, Exon/Intron-{\"U}ber­g{\"a}ngen und einem polymorphen Intron auf Mutationen untersucht. DNA-Proben von zwei der erkrankten Familienmitgliedern und drei Kontrollen wurden sequenziert und die so erhaltene Se­quenz mittels eines Online-Analyseprogramms verifiziert. Dabei wurden 18 Allelvarianten, 12 stumme Transi­tionen, f{\"u}nf missense-Mutationen und eine Insertion entdeckt, die aber in keiner der Patienten­proben exklusiv auftrat. Mit grosser Wahrscheinlichkeit enth{\"a}lt CELSR1 keine krank­heitsverursachende Mutation Die gefundenen Polymorphismen stellen eine interessante Ausgangsbasis f{\"u}r Assoziationsstudien dar.},
  language  = {de}
}