@article{KraussVikukYoungetal.2020,
  author    = {Krauss, Jochen and Vikuk, Veronika and Young, Carolyn A. and Krischke, Markus and Mueller, Martin J. and Baerenfaller, Katja},
  title     = {Epichlo{\"e} endophyte infection rates and alkaloid content in commercially available grass seed mixtures in Europe},
  series = {Microorganisms},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Microorganisms},
  number    = {4},
  issn      = {2076-2607},
  doi       = {10.3390/microorganisms8040498},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-203323},
  pages     = {498},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Fungal endophytes of the genus Epichlo{\"e} live symbiotically in cool season grass species and can produce alkaloids toxic to insects and vertebrates, yet reports of intoxication of grazing animals have been rare in Europe in contrast to overseas. However, due to the beneficial resistance traits observed in Epichlo{\"e} infected grasses, the inclusion of Epichlo{\"e} in seed mixtures might become increasingly advantageous. Despite the toxicity of fungal alkaloids, European seed mixtures are rarely tested for Epichlo{\"e} infection and their infection status is unknown for consumers. In this study, we tested 24 commercially available seed mixtures for their infection rates with Epichlo{\"e} endophytes and measured the concentrations of the alkaloids ergovaline, lolitrem B, paxilline, and peramine. We detected Epichlo{\"e} infections in six seed mixtures, and four contained vertebrate and insect toxic alkaloids typical for Epichlo{\"e} festucae var. lolii infecting Lolium perenne. As Epichlo{\"e} infected seed mixtures can harm livestock, when infected grasses become dominant in the seeded grasslands, we recommend seed producers to test and communicate Epichlo{\"e} infection status or avoiding Epichlo{\"e} infected seed mixtures.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KraussVikukYoungetal.2020,
  author    = {Krauss, Jochen and Vikuk, Veronika and Young, Carolyn A. and Krischke, Markus and Mueller, Martin J. and Baerenfaller, Katja},
  title     = {Correction: Krauss, J., et al. Epichlo{\"e} endophyte infection rates and alkaloid content in commercially available grass seed mixtures in Europe. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 498},
  series = {Microorganisms},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Microorganisms},
  number    = {10},
  issn      = {2076-2607},
  doi       = {10.3390/microorganisms8101616},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-216254},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  language  = {en}
}