@article{AbendrothNaurothRichteretal.2022, author = {Abendroth, Johanna and Nauroth, Peter and Richter, Tobias and Gollwitzer, Mario}, title = {Non-strategic detection of identity-threatening information: Epistemic validation and identity defense may share a common cognitive basis}, series = {PLoS ONE}, volume = {17}, journal = {PLoS ONE}, number = {1}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0261535}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-301019}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Readers use prior knowledge to evaluate the validity of statements and detect false information without effort and strategic control. The present study expands this research by exploring whether people also non-strategically detect information that threatens their social identity. Participants (N = 77) completed a task in which they had to respond to a "True" or "False" probe after reading true, false, identity-threatening, or non-threatening sentences. Replicating previous studies, participants reacted more slowly to a positive probe ("True") after reading false (vs. true) sentences. Notably, participants also reacted more slowly to a positive probe after reading identity-threatening (vs. non-threatening) sentences. These results provide first evidence that identity-threatening information, just as false information, is detected at a very early stage of information processing and lends support to the notion of a routine, non-strategic identity-defense mechanism.}, language = {en} } @article{TibkenRichterLindenetal.2022, author = {Tibken, Catharina and Richter, Tobias and Linden, Nicole von der and Schmiedeler, Sandra and Schneider, Wolfgang}, title = {The role of metacognitive competences in the development of school achievement among gifted adolescents}, series = {Child Development}, volume = {93}, journal = {Child Development}, number = {1}, doi = {10.1111/cdev.13640}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-258376}, pages = {117-133}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Gifted underachievers perform worse in school than would be expected based on their high intelligence. Possible causes for underachievement are low motivational dispositions (need for cognition) and metacognitive competences. This study tested the interplay of these variables longitudinally with gifted and non-gifted students from Germany (N = 341, 137 females) in Grades 6 (M = 12.02 years at t1) and 8 (M = 14.07 years). Declarative and procedural metacognitive competences were assessed in the domain of reading comprehension. Path analyses showed incremental effects of procedural metacognition over and above intelligence on the development of school achievement in gifted students (β = .139). Moreover, declarative metacognition and need for cognition interactively predicted procedural metacognition (β = .169), which mediated their effect on school achievement.}, language = {en} } @article{RichterHertelKubiketal.2022, author = {Richter, Tobias and Hertel, Silke and Kubik, Veit and Marksteiner, Tamara and Souvignier, Elmar and Sparfeldt, J{\"o}rn R.}, title = {In welchen Branchen und f{\"u}r welche beruflichen T{\"a}tigkeiten werden Psychologinnen und Psychologen gesucht und was sollten sie k{\"o}nnen? : Eine systematische Inhaltsanalyse von Stellenanzeigen}, series = {Psychologische Rundschau}, volume = {73}, journal = {Psychologische Rundschau}, number = {4}, issn = {0033-3042}, doi = {10.1026/0033-3042/a000557}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-251451}, pages = {229-242}, year = {2022}, abstract = {{\"U}ber die Struktur des Arbeitsmarkts f{\"u}r Psychologinnen und Psychologen, insbesondere {\"u}ber die quantitative Verteilung von Stellen auf verschiedene Besch{\"a}ftigungsbereiche, berufliche T{\"a}tigkeiten, geforderte Kompetenzen und Abschl{\"u}sse, liegen keine zuverl{\"a}ssigen und aktuellen Informationen vor. Wir berichten die Ergebnisse einer systematischen Inhaltsanalyse von 2025 Stellenanzeigen, die im Zeitraum von jeweils einem Monat in den Jahren 2018 und 2020 in g{\"a}ngigen deutschen Online-Stellenb{\"o}rsen ver{\"o}ffentlicht wurden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass der Arbeitsmarkt f{\"u}r Psychologinnen und Psychologen {\"a}ußerst vielf{\"a}ltig ist und eine große Bandbreite beruflicher T{\"a}tigkeiten im Gesundheits-‍, Bildungs- und Sozialwesen, der Wirtschaft, der Wissenschaft sowie bei Polizei, Justiz und Verwaltung umfasst. Die Psychotherapie war mit 35 \% das gr{\"o}ßte Berufsfeld, w{\"a}hrend sich die Mehrzahl der Stellen auf berufliche T{\"a}tigkeiten verteilte, die sich in der Regel keinem einzelnen Fachgebiet der Psychologie zuordnen ließen. F{\"u}r 27 \% der ausgeschriebenen Stellen war eine Approbation erforderlich, und 28 \% der Stellen waren befristet. Die Ergebnisse liefern wichtige Informationen f{\"u}r die Konzeption und professionsorientierte Gestaltung von psychologischen Studieng{\"a}ngen.}, language = {de} }