@techreport{TiegnaZante2021,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Tiegna, Janneke and Zant{\´e}, Nestor},
  title     = {Forschung {\"u}ber B{\"u}rgerwehren in Burkina Faso: Herausforderungen und Strategien des Feldzugangs},
  issn      = {2698-2684},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-24057},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-240575},
  pages     = {37},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Dieses Working Paper veranschaulicht, wie sich die beiden Forscher*innen Janneke Tiegna und Nestor Zant{\´e} des Teilprojekts F „Lokale Selbstregelungen f{\"u}r die Herstellung von Sicherheit: B{\"u}rgerwehren in Burkina Faso", w{\"a}hrend ihres bisherigen Forschungsaufenthalts von September 2019 bis Februar 2020 Zugang in ihre Forschungsgemeinden im Westen und S{\"u}den Burkina Fasos verschafft haben. Zant{\´e} forschte zu der Selbstverteidigungsgruppe Koglw{\´e}ogo und Tiegna zu den Dozo-J{\"a}ger*innen. Dieses Working Paper erkl{\"a}rt zun{\"a}chst die Zielgruppe und die Forschungsgebiete und geht dabei kurz auf das Forschungsinteresse ein. Es folgen Erl{\"a}uterungen zur Vorbereitung auf den Feldaufenthalt. Ausf{\"u}hrlich werden die Herausforderungen der Forschung {\"u}ber diese sensible Thematik erl{\"a}utert sowie Abwehrreaktionen und Widerst{\"a}nde im Feld dargestellt. Anschließend erkl{\"a}ren Tiegna und Zant{\´e}, mit wel-chen Strategien sie diesen Herausforderungen begegnet sind.},
  subject      = {Burkina Faso},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Neubert2021,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Neubert, Dieter},
  title     = {The Hidden Side of Local Self-Organisation and Self-Regulation. Elements for the Comparative Analysis of the Constitution of Self-Organised Groups},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-25149},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-251493},
  pages     = {42},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The notions self-organisation and self-regulation are at least implicitly loaded with a positive democratic connotation. The main corresponding debates on social movements, governance and civil society mostly refer to the Global North with a well-functioning state and democratic political systems. One consequence is that the less democratic and less liberal hidden side of self-organisation, seen by some critics, does not gain much attention. After a short discussion of the main theoretical approaches, the paper presents a selection of self-organised groups depicting their different values, norms, and structural features. These examples reach from democratic groups marked by solidarity to racist violent groups that are a threat to differently minded people. The analysis of these examples leads to a set of criteria for the comparative analysis of the internal structure of self-organised groups including potential membership, in- and outward orientation, underlying basic principles of social order and types of trust with related types of decision-making. These basic elements help to understand the constitution and functioning of self-organisation, which are open to a wide range of value orientation.},
  subject      = {Selbstorganisation},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{MetzgerSchroederRafetseder2021,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Metzger, Florian and Schr{\"o}der, Svenja and Rafetseder, Albert},
  title     = {Subjective And Objective Assessment Of Video Game Context Factors},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-242471},
  pages     = {7},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The recently published ITU-T Recommendation G1.032 proposes a list of factors that may influence cloud and online gaming Quality of Experience (QoE). This paper provides two practical evaluations of proposed system and context influence factors: First, it investigates through an online survey (n=488) the popularity of platforms, preferred ways of distribution, and motivational aspects including subjective valuations of characteristics offered by today's prevalent gaming platforms. Second, the paper evaluates a large dataset of objective metrics for various gaming platforms: game lists, playthrough lengths, prices, etc., and contrasts these metrics against the gamers' opinions. The combined data-driven approach presented in this paper complements in-person and lab studies usually employed.},
  subject      = {Videospiel},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{KrauseFischer2021,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Krause, Theresa and Fischer, Doris},
  title     = {Data as the new driver for growth? European and Chinese perspectives on the new factor of production},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-22979},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-229794},
  pages     = {7},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Amidst an emerging international systemic competition between China and the Western world, China's sustained high economic growth rates, technological innovations and successful control of the corona pandemic have raised doubts over the West's systemic capabilities. In this context, data resources and regimes play an increasing role. This research note looks at data as present and future driver of innovation and economic growth in more detail. It compares the Chinese and the European perspective on data as well as their respective (planned) policy measures in order to draw tentative conclusions about their different approaches' implications.},
  subject      = {China},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{HeinemannIntraschakSalzeretal.2021,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Heinemann, Oliver and Intraschak, Nils and Salzer, Michel and Simon, Christoph},
  title     = {(Un-)Sichtbarkeit der EU in der Corona-Krise},
  issn      = {2625-6193},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-24062},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-240625},
  pages     = {82},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Die Corona-Krise stellt eine der gr{\"o}ßten Herausforderungen in der Geschichte der EU dar. Aufgrund der geringen Kompetenzen der EU im Gesundheitsbereich liegt die Pandemiebek{\"a}mpfung fast ausschließlich in den H{\"a}nden der Mitgliedstaaten. Diese reagierten jedoch zun{\"a}chst mit „nationalen Reflexen" und unsolidarischem Verhalten. Erst nach {\"U}berwindung des ersten Schocks im Fr{\"u}hjahr 2020 konnte die EU sichtbarer bei der Krisenbew{\"a}ltigung werden. Den H{\"o}hepunkt stellte die Einigung auf das historische 750 Mrd. EUR schwere Corona-Hilfspaket „Next Generation EU" (NGEU) dar, welches mit einer gemeinsamen Schuldenaufnahme einen Pr{\"a}zedenzfall geschaffen hat. Diese Arbeit untersucht, wie die EU auf die Pandemie reagiert hat und ob diese Reaktion zu ihrer St{\"a}rkung f{\"u}hren kann. Sie soll einen Beitrag zum besseren Verst{\"a}ndnis der Geschehnisse in der EU zwischen Januar 2020 und Mai 2021 leisten. Hierf{\"u}r werden zun{\"a}chst die Kompetenzen der EU im Gesundheitsbereich und beim Katastrophenschutz sowie deren Nutzung in der Pandemie aufgezeigt. Hauptteil der Arbeit ist die Untersuchung von Entstehung und Inhalt des NGEU-Hilfspaktes. Hier zeigt sich, dass die EU - mit Hilfe des deutsch-franz{\"o}sischen Motors - zur Solidarit{\"a}t zur{\"u}ckgefunden hat. Die Schwerpunktsetzung von NGEU verdeutlicht, dass neben dem Wiederaufbau auch die aktuellen Kernthemen der EU - Digitalisierung und Klimaschutz - einen zentralen Stellenwert einnehmen. Damit kann NGEU zur wesentlichen St{\"a}rkung der EU beitragen. Eine St{\"a}rkung ist ebenfalls im Gesundheitsbereich festzustellen, wo erste Schritte zu einer Gesundheitsunion vollzogen wurden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{FischerSchaper2021,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Fischer, Doris and Schaper, Anna-Katharina},
  title     = {Does Gender Matter for the Entrepreneurship Fairy Tale? An Analysis of Chinese Unicorn Start-ups},
  series = {CBE Research Notes},
  journal   = {CBE Research Notes},
  issn      = {2747-8661},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-24441},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-244415},
  pages     = {9},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Start-up ecosystems around the world have created a large number of successful and innovative unicorn companies in recent years. Our research note focuses on the case of China and offers a global comparative perspective on the current status of Chinese unicorn start-ups and their founding structure. We identify a predominantly male unicorn founding structure and illustrate a worrying decline of female entrepreneurship in China.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Erben2021,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Erben, Adrian S.},
  title     = {Kritische Regelungsgegenst{\"a}nde. Ein Konzept f{\"u}r eine relative Subkategorie},
  issn      = {2698-2684},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-24233},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-242331},
  pages     = {25},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Der Begriff „Regelungsgegenstand" meint ein gemeinschaftliches Problem, das entweder durch die Zentralmacht reguliert oder durch einen lokalen Akteur geregelt wird. Das vorliegende Papier bietet eine knappe Einf{\"u}hrung in eine besonders konflikttr{\"a}chtige, relative Subkategorie, die sogenannten „kritischen" Regelungsgegenst{\"a}nde. Das Attribut „kritisch" verweist dabei auf die Qualit{\"a}t der Konsequenzen, welche die Dysfunktionalit{\"a}t des Regelungssystems des Regelungsgegenstands nach sich ziehen kann. Nach einer kurzen Vorstellung des Konzepts werden unter Bezugnahme auf die eingangs formulierten Charakteristika am Beispiel der antiken Metropole Antiocheia am Orontes je zwei Beispiele aus den Regelungsbereichen „Materielle Grundlagen" (Lebensmittelversorgung; Wasserversorgung) und „Soziokulturelle Grundlagen" (Pferderennen; Episkopat) identifiziert. Zur Identifizierung kritischer Regelungsgegenst{\"a}nde eignen sich insbesondere zwei Anhaltspunkte: 1) Lokale Konflikte, die sich in {\"o}ffentlichen Unmutsbekundungen, Gewaltausbr{\"u}chen oder restaurativen Interventionen der Zentralmacht manifestieren k{\"o}nnen; 2) Euergetische Handlungen, die auf das Generieren von sozialem Kapital abzielen, konzentrieren sich auf besonders wichtige oder popul{\"a}re Regelungsgenst{\"a}nde. Der Ausblick enth{\"a}lt ein Res{\"u}mee und verweist auf transepochale und transdisziplin{\"a}re {\"U}bertragungsm{\"o}glichkeiten.},
  subject      = {Altertum},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Dandekar2021,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Dandekar, Thomas},
  title     = {A new cosmology of a crystallization process (decoherence) from the surrounding quantum soup provides heuristics to unify general relativity and quantum physics by solid state physics},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-23076},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-230769},
  pages     = {42 Seiten},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {We explore a cosmology where the Big Bang singularity is replaced by a condensation event of interacting strings. We study the transition from an uncontrolled, chaotic soup ("before") to a clearly interacting "real world". Cosmological inflation scenarios do not fit current observations and are avoided. Instead, long-range interactions inside this crystallization event limit growth and crystal symmetries ensure the same laws of nature and basic symmetries over our domain. Tiny mis-arrangements present nuclei of superclusters and galaxies and crystal structure leads to the arrangement of dark (halo regions) and normal matter (galaxy nuclei) so convenient for galaxy formation. Crystals come and go, allowing an evolutionary cosmology where entropic forces from the quantum soup "outside" of the crystal try to dissolve it. These would correspond to dark energy and leads to a big rip scenario in 70 Gy. Preference of crystals with optimal growth and most condensation nuclei for the next generation of crystals may select for multiple self-organizing processes within the crystal, explaining "fine-tuning" of the local "laws of nature" (the symmetry relations formed within the crystal, its "unit cell") to be particular favorable for self-organizing processes including life or even conscious observers in our universe. Independent of cosmology, a crystallization event may explain quantum-decoherence in general: The fact, that in our macroscopic everyday world we only see one reality. This contrasts strongly with the quantum world where you have coherence, a superposition of all quantum states. We suggest that a "real world" (so our everyday macroscopic world) happens only in our domain, i.e. inside a crystal. "Outside" of our domain and our observable universe there is the quantum soup of boiling quantum foam and superposition of all possibilities. In our crystallized world the vacuum no longer boils but is cooled down by the crystallization event and hence is 10**20 smaller, exactly as observed in our everyday world. As we live in a "solid" state, within a crystal, the different quanta which build our world have all their different states nicely separated. This theory postulates there are only n quanta and m states available for them (there is no Everett-like ever splitting multiverse after each decision). In the solid state we live in, there is decoherence, the states are nicely separated. The arrow of entropy for each edge of the crystal forms one fate, one worldline or clear development of a world, while the layers of the crystal are different system states. Some mathematical leads from loop quantum gravity point to required interactions and potentials. A complete mathematical treatment of this unified theory is far too demanding currently. Interaction potentials for strings or membranes of any dimension allow a solid state of quanta, so allowing decoherence in our observed world are challenging to calculate. However, if we introduce here the heuristic that any type of physical interaction of strings corresponds just to a type of calculation, there is already since 1898 the Hurwitz theorem showing that then only 1D, 2D, 4D and 8D (octonions) allow complex or hypercomplex number calculations. No other hypercomplex numbers and hence dimensions or symmetries are possible to allow calculations without yielding divisions by zero. However, the richest solution allowed by the Hurwitz theorem, octonions, is actually the observed symmetry of our universe, E8.  },
  subject      = {Kosmologie},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{BonillaPerez2021,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Bonilla P{\´e}rez, Nazaret},
  title     = {Children's Rights Promotion in Sahrawi Refugee Camps : A Study on the Vacaciones en Paz Programme from a Child Rights-Based Approach},
  issn      = {2199-4315},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-24383},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-243833},
  pages     = {1-53},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The Vacaciones en Paz programme (VeP) started in 1979 shortly after Morocco illegally occupied Western Sahara, which since 1975 has been a disputed territory pending a referendum for self-determination. The programme consists of Sahrawi children being hosted during summer by Spanish families who try to raise awareness for the Sahrawi cause and temporarily alleviate the children's living conditions. Meanwhile, approximately 170,000 Sahrawi refugees live in camps near Tindouf (Algeria) heavily dependent on humanitarian aid for their survival. This study aimed to determine the impact of the VeP programme on the promotion of children's rights based on the perspective of Sahrawi children. Research has shown that it serves as a temporary platform to implement some of those rights. This qualitative study is based on a literature review of the principles of the VeP programme, alongside a thematic analysis of the field data provided by Sahrawi children and teenagers. Analysis of the VeP programme demonstrated that the Convention of the Rights of the Child is not mentioned in its discourse. Notwithstanding, the results indicate an impact on the promotion of Sahrawi children's rights. On this basis, it is recommended to implement a children's rights-based discourse within the principles of the VeP programme, since the theoretical knowledge of their rights may be a key factor for strategic empowerment of Sahrawi children and teenagers in their representation of the Sahrawi cause.},
  subject      = {Westsahara},
  language  = {en}
}