@article{GrimmWeberKittelSchneideretal.2020,
  author    = {Grimm, Oliver and Weber, Heike and Kittel-Schneider, Sarah and Kranz, Thorsten M. and Jacob, Christian P. and Lesch, Klaus-Peter and Reif, Andreas},
  title     = {Impulsivity and Venturesomeness in an Adult ADHD Sample: Relation to Personality, Comorbidity, and Polygenic Risk},
  series = {Frontiers in Psychiatry},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Psychiatry},
  issn      = {1664-0640},
  doi       = {10.3389/fpsyt.2020.557160},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-219751},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {While impulsivity is a basic feature of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), no study explored the effect of different components of the Impulsiveness (Imp) and Venturesomeness (Vent) scale (IV7) on psychiatric comorbidities and an ADHD polygenic risk score (PRS). We used the IV7 self-report scale in an adult ADHD sample of 903 patients, 70\% suffering from additional comorbid disorders, and in a subsample of 435 genotyped patients. Venturesomeness, unlike immediate Impulsivity, is not specific to ADHD. We consequently analyzed the influence of Imp and Vent also in the context of a PRS on psychiatric comorbidities of ADHD. Vent shows a distinctly different distribution of comorbidities, e.g., less anxiety and depression. PRS showed no effect on different ADHD comorbidities, but correlated with childhood hyperactivity. In a complementary analysis using principal component analysis with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition ADHD criteria, revised NEO Personality Inventory, Imp, Vent, and PRS, we identified three ADHD subtypes. These are an impulsive-neurotic type, an adventurous-hyperactive type with a stronger genetic component, and an anxious-inattentive type. Our study thus suggests the importance of adventurousness and the differential consideration of impulsivity in ADHD. The genetic risk is distributed differently between these subtypes, which underlines the importance of clinically motivated subtyping. Impulsivity subtyping might give insights into the organization of comorbid disorders in ADHD and different genetic background.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WeberMaihoferJaksicetal.2022,
  author    = {Weber, Heike and Maihofer, Adam X. and Jaksic, Nenad and Bojic, Elma Feric and Kucukalic, Sabina and Dzananovic, Emina Sabic and Uka, Aferdita Goci and Hoxha, Blerina and Haxhibeqiri, Valdete and Haxhibeqiri, Shpend and Kravic, Nermina and Umihanic, Mirnesa Muminovic and Franc, Ana Cima and Babic, Romana and Pavlovic, Marko and Mehmedbasic, Alma Bravo and Aukst-Margetic, Branka and Kucukalic, Abdulah and Marjanovic, Damir and Babic, Dragan and Jakovljevic, Miro and Sinanovic, Osman and Avidbegović, Esmina and Agani, Ferid and Warrings, Bodo and Domschke, Katharina and Nievergelt, Caroline M. and Dzubur-Kulenovic, Alma and Erhardt, Angelika},
  title     = {Association of polygenic risk scores, traumatic life events and coping strategies with war-related PTSD diagnosis and symptom severity in the South Eastern Europe (SEE)-PTSD cohort},
  series = {Journal of Neural Transmission},
  volume    = {129},
  journal   = {Journal of Neural Transmission},
  number    = {5-6},
  issn      = {1435-1463},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00702-021-02446-5},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-268541},
  pages     = {661-674},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Objectives Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is triggered by extremely stressful environmental events and characterized by high emotional distress, re-experiencing of trauma, avoidance and hypervigilance. The present study uses polygenic risk scores (PRS) derived from the UK Biobank (UKBB) mega-cohort analysis as part of the PGC PTSD GWAS effort to determine the heritable basis of PTSD in the South Eastern Europe (SEE)-PTSD cohort. We further analyzed the relation between PRS and additional disease-related variables, such as number and intensity of life events, coping, sex and age at war on PTSD and CAPS as outcome variables. Methods Association of PRS, number and intensity of life events, coping, sex and age on PTSD were calculated using logistic regression in a total of 321 subjects with current and remitted PTSD and 337 controls previously subjected to traumatic events but not having PTSD. In addition, PRS and other disease-related variables were tested for association with PTSD symptom severity, measured by the Clinician Administrated PTSD Scale (CAPS) by liner regression. To assess the relationship between the main outcomes PTSD diagnosis and symptom severity, each of the examined variables was adjusted for all other PTSD related variables. Results The categorical analysis showed significant polygenic risk in patients with remitted PTSD and the total sample, whereas no effects were found on symptom severity. Intensity of life events as well as the individual coping style were significantly associated with PTSD diagnosis in both current and remitted cases. The dimensional analyses showed as association of war-related frequency of trauma with symptom severity, whereas the intensity of trauma yielded significant results independently of trauma timing in current PTSD. Conclusions The present PRS application in the SEE-PTSD cohort confirms modest but significant polygenic risk for PTSD diagnosis. Environmental factors, mainly the intensity of traumatic life events and negative coping strategies, yielded associations with PTSD both categorically and dimensionally with more significant p-values. This suggests that, at least in the present cohort of war-related trauma, the association of environmental factors and current individual coping strategies with PTSD psychopathology was stronger than the polygenic risk.},
  language  = {en}
}