@article{GraebGeidel2019,
  author    = {Gr{\"a}b, Patrick and Geidel, Ekkehard},
  title     = {Spectroscopic studies of food colorings},
  series = {World Journal of Chemical Education},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {World Journal of Chemical Education},
  number    = {2},
  doi       = {10.12691/wjce-7-2-13},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-201908},
  pages     = {136-144},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {In chemical education, it is often a challenge to understand the basic principles of spectroscopic techniques due to missing connections to the real world. Therefore, the present contribution offers context-based applications of UV/Vis spectroscopy for analytics of food colorings with which learners can improve their skills regarding this method. The spectroscopic determination of food colorings seems to be a promising approach due to the long tradition and omnipresence of dyes in supermarket products. The therefor-required spectral data for commonly used dyes are provided for educational usage. Qualitative and quantitative analytics of food colorings in four different lemonades and chocolate beans have been used to introduce learners to important analytical techniques like sample preparation or elimination of confounding factors. These analytics also display the limitations of the method in the visible range of light in the case of tartrazine and curcumin. By applying Lambert-Beer-Bouguer's Law in different variations, typical calculations of concentrations can be studied in quantitative analyses. The studied food samples demonstrate the different usage of food colorings depending on the country of sale. Finally, a 3D-printable low-cost photometer suitable for the discussed quantitative analytics in educational contexts is presented.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EmmertHessGraebetal.2020,
  author    = {Emmert, Marcel and Heß, Konrad and Gr{\"a}b, Patrick and Geidel, Ekkehard},
  title     = {Experiments to Introduce Students into the Temperature Dependence of the Reaction Rate},
  series = {World Journal of Chemical Education},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {World Journal of Chemical Education},
  number    = {2},
  doi       = {10.12691/wjce-8-2-5},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-229993},
  pages     = {92-99},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {It is a challenge in chemical education to understand basic principles of chemical reaction kinetics on an experimental basis because of the relatively extensive experimental setup and the often time-consuming measurement series. This contribution offers an introduction into the field of the temperature dependence of reaction rate with easy-to-use experiments. Data logging systems have been used to get sufficient data-sets to evaluate different measurements in reaction kinetics. Several experiments were designed for practical courses in chemistry, which allow students to derive the simple van't Hoff rule on the one hand. On the other hand, the Arrhenius equation can only be derived on the basis of experimental data with the help of information from collision theory and Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Graeb2021,
  author    = {Gr{\"a}b, Patrick},
  title     = {Physikalisch-chemische Methoden und Experimente f{\"u}r Unterricht und Lehramtsstudium},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-24763},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-247636},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Die Lehre von physikalisch-chemischen Inhalten in der universit{\"a}ren Lehramtsausbildung und im gymnasialen Chemieunterricht ist herausfordernd. M{\"o}gliche Ursachen hierf{\"u}r sind das teils hohe Abstraktionsniveau und fehlende Messger{\"a}te. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden kosteng{\"u}nstige Messger{\"a}te entwickelt, mit denen Lernende in typische physikochemische Methoden und deren Anwendungen experimentell eingef{\"u}hrt werden k{\"o}nnen. Durch offen gestaltete und kontextbezogene Experimente zu Themenfeldern der Spektroskopie, Thermodynamik und Kinetik sollen Lernende einen ph{\"a}nomenologischen Zugang zur physikalischen Chemie finden. Durch eine entsprechende didaktische und experimentelle Aufarbeitung der Konzepte sollen insbesondere Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}ler ohne gr{\"o}ßeres Vorwissen f{\"u}r physikalisch-chemische Inhalte im Sinne eines modernen und experimentell orientierten Chemieunterrichts begeistert werden.},
  subject      = {Hochschule},
  language  = {de}
}