@article{LiuKoleBudimanetal.2021, author = {Liu, Zhiqiang and Kole, Goutam Kumar and Budiman, Yudha P. and Tian, Ya-Ming and Friedrich, Alexandra and Luo, Xiaoling and Westcott, Stephen A. and Radius, Udo and Marder, Todd B.}, title = {Transition metal catalyst-free, base-promoted 1,2-additions of polyfluorophenylboronates to aldehydes and ketones}, series = {Angewandte Chemie International Edition}, volume = {60}, journal = {Angewandte Chemie International Edition}, number = {30}, doi = {10.1002/anie.202103686}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-256487}, pages = {16529-16538}, year = {2021}, abstract = {A novel protocol for the transition metal-free 1,2-addition of polyfluoroaryl boronate esters to aldehydes and ketones is reported, which provides secondary alcohols, tertiary alcohols, and ketones. Control experiments and DFT calculations indicate that both the ortho-F substituents on the polyfluorophenyl boronates and the counterion K\(^+\) in the carbonate base are critical. The distinguishing features of this procedure include the employment of commercially available starting materials and the broad scope of the reaction with a wide variety of carbonyl compounds giving moderate to excellent yields. Intriguing structural features involving O-H⋅⋅⋅O and O-H⋅⋅⋅N hydrogen bonding, as well as arene-perfluoroarene interactions, in this series of racemic polyfluoroaryl carbinols have also been addressed.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Volk2002, author = {Volk, Ralf}, title = {Schnarchen unter Alkoholeinfluss - eine klinische experimentelle Studie}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-3630}, school = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {2002}, abstract = {Schnarchen ist ein Leitsymptom des obstruktiven Schlafapnoesyndroms (OSAS). Diese Erkrankung wird durch abendlichen Alkoholgenuss verst{\"a}rkt. Die Frage, ob Alkohol auch zu einer Zunahme der Schnarchh{\"a}ufigkeit/-lautst{\"a}rke f{\"u}hrt und damit Schlafst{\"o}rungen v.a. beim Bettpartner hervorrufen kann, ist bisher nicht untersucht worden. In der vorliegenden Studie wurden 20 gesunde M{\"a}nner an 3 N{\"a}chten polysomnographiert, jeweils ohne Alkohol, mit 0,5 per mille- und 0,8 per mille-Blutalkoholkonzentration (BAK). Die Schnarchger{\"a}usche wurden mit einem Raum- und K{\"o}rpermikrophon aufgezeichnet und computerunterst{\"u}tzt nach H{\"a}ufigkeit und Lautst{\"a}rke (>55 dB(A), >70 dB(A)) analysiert. Bei prim{\"a}ren Schnarchern (n=10), die bereits ohne Alkohol schnarchten, nahm die durchschnittliche Schnarchh{\"a}ufigkeit und -lautst{\"a}rke dosisabh{\"a}ngig signifikant zu. Prim{\"a}re Nichtschnarcher (n=10) zeigten dagegen keine signifikante Zunahme: Nur 4 Probanden schnarchten bei 0,8 per mille BAK, 2 andere nur bei 0,5 per mille BAK. Weniger die K{\"o}rperlage im Schlaf als die Gesamtk{\"o}rpermasse oder das Alter scheinen Einflussfaktoren f{\"u}r die Zunahme des Schnarchens zu sein. Abendlicher Alkoholgenuss bei schnarchenden M{\"a}nnern verst{\"a}rkt deren Schnarchdauer und -lautst{\"a}rke, l{\"o}st jedoch bei Nichtschnarchern nicht regelm{\"a}ßig Schnarchen aus. Als Konsequenz sollte somit bei prim{\"a}ren Schnarchern eine strikte abendliche Alkoholkarenz empfohlen werden, was die schnarchbedingte L{\"a}rmbel{\"a}stigung des Bettpartners reduziert.}, language = {de} } @article{Krueger1988, author = {Kr{\"u}ger, H.-P.}, title = {Psychologische Charakteristika der "D{\"u}ker-Aufgabe" oder "Was ist die Leistung an der Leistung?"}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-41460}, year = {1988}, abstract = {In den Experimenten H. D{\"u}kers haben die Vpn regelhaft sehr viele sehr einfache hochge{\"u}bte T{\"a}tigkeiten auszuf{\"u}hren. Wird dies durch das Einf{\"u}hren von Zusatzaufgaben kompliziert, kann eine Steigerung der Leistung resultieren (erkl{\"a}rt etwa durch "Reaktive Anspannungssteigerung") oder eine Minderung (wie f{\"u}r das "Unterschwellige Wollen" gezeigt). Eine n{\"a}here Analyse der D{\"u}ker-Aufgabe zeigt, daß die Variable "Arbeitsrhythmus" f{\"u}r diesen Unterschied verantwortlich ist. Wird dieser Rhythmus {\"u}ber eine externe Quelle gegeben oder kann eine Zusatzaufgabe in den vorhandenen Rhythmus integriert werden, resultiert eine Verbesserung. Treten zwei inkompatible Rhythmen in einer Situation auf, resultiert ein drastischer Leistungseinbruch. Diese Systematik wird am pharmakopsychologischen Beispiel einer Statistik {\"u}ber Verkehrsunf{\"a}lle unter Alkoholeinfluß diskutiert.}, language = {de} } @article{ZhaoYuHuetal.2015, author = {Zhao, De-Wei and Yu, Mang and Hu, Kai and Wang, Wei and Yang, Lei and Wang, Ben-Jie and Gao, Xiao-Hong and Guo, Yong-Ming and Xu, Yong-Qing and Wei, Yu-Shan and Tian, Si-Miao and Yang, Fan and Wang, Nan and Huang, Shi-Bo and Xie, Hui and Wei, Xiao-Wei and Jiang, Hai-Shen and Zang, Yu-Qiang and Ai, Jun and Chen, Yuan-Liang and Lei, Guang-Hua and Li, Yu-Jin and Tian, Geng and Li, Zong-Sheng and Cao, Yong and Ma, Li}, title = {Prevalence of Nontraumatic Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head and its Associated Risk Factors in the Chinese Population: Results from a Nationally Representative Survey}, series = {Chinese Medical Journal}, volume = {128}, journal = {Chinese Medical Journal}, number = {21}, doi = {10.4103/0366-6999.168017}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-138482}, pages = {2843-2850}, year = {2015}, abstract = {Background: Nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (NONFH) is a debilitating disease that represents a significant financial burden for both individuals and healthcare systems. Despite its significance, however, its prevalence in the Chinese general population remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of NONFH and its associated risk factors in the Chinese population. Methods: A nationally representative survey of 30,030 respondents was undertaken from June 2012 to August 2013. All participants underwent a questionnaire investigation, physical examination of hip, and bilateral hip joint X-ray and/or magnetic resonance imaging examination. Blood samples were taken after overnight fasting to test serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. We then used multivariate logistic regression analysis to investigate the associations between various metabolic, demographic, and lifestyle-related variables and NONFH. Results: NONFH was diagnosed in 218 subjects (0.725\%) and the estimated NONFH cases were 8.12 million among Chinese people aged 15 years and over. The prevalence of NONFH was significantly higher in males than in females (1.02\% vs. 0.51\%, \(\chi^2\) = 24.997, P < 0.001). Among NONFH patients, North residents were subjected to higher prevalence of NONFH than that of South residents (0.85\% vs. 0.61\%, \(\chi^2\) = 5.847, P = 0.016). Our multivariate regression analysis showed that high blood levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and non-HDL-cholesterol, male, urban residence, family history of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, heavy smoking, alcohol abuse and glucocorticoid intake, overweight, and obesity were all significantly associated with an increased risk of NONFH. Conclusions: Our findings highlight that NONFH is a significant public health challenge in China and underscore the need for policy measures on the national level. Furthermore, NONFH shares a number of risk factors with atherosclerosis.}, language = {en} } @article{SuchotzkiGamer2018, author = {Suchotzki, Kristina and Gamer, Matthias}, title = {Alcohol facilitates detection of concealed identity information}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {8}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, number = {7825}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-018-25811-z}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-176662}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The Concealed Information Test (CIT) is a well-validated means to detect whether someone possesses certain (e.g., crime-relevant) information. The current study investigated whether alcohol intoxication during CIT administration influences reaction time (RT) CIT-effects. Two opposing predictions can be made. First, by decreasing attention to critical information, alcohol intoxication could diminish CIT-effects. Second, by hampering the inhibition of truthful responses, alcohol intoxication could increase CIT-effects. A correlational field design was employed. Participants (n = 42) were recruited and tested at a bar, where alcohol consumption was voluntary and incidental. Participants completed a CIT, in which they were instructed to hide knowledge of their true identity. BAC was estimated via breath alcohol ratio. Results revealed that higher BAC levels were correlated with higher CIT-effects. Our results demonstrate that robust CIT effects can be obtained even when testing conditions differ from typical laboratory settings and strengthen the idea that response inhibition contributes to the RT-CIT effect.}, language = {en} }