@article{YangHeydarianKozjakPavlovicetal.2020,
  author    = {Yang, Tao and Heydarian, Motaharehsadat and Kozjak-Pavlovic, Vera and Urban, Manuela and Harbottle, Richard P. and Rudel, Thomas},
  title     = {Folliculin Controls the Intracellular Survival and Trans-Epithelial Passage of Neisseria gonorrhoeae},
  series = {Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology},
  number    = {422},
  issn      = {2235-2988},
  doi       = {10.3389/fcimb.2020.00422},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-211372},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Neisseria gonorrhoeae, a Gram-negative obligate human pathogenic bacterium, infects human epithelial cells and causes sexually transmitted diseases. Emerging multi-antibiotic resistant gonococci and increasing numbers of infections complicate the treatment of infected patients. Here, we used an shRNA library screen and next-generation sequencing to identify factors involved in epithelial cell infection. Folliculin (FLCN), a 64 kDa protein with a tumor repressor function was identified as a novel host factor important for N. gonorrhoeae survival after uptake. We further determined that FLCN did not affect N. gonorrhoeae adherence and invasion but was essential for its survival in the cells by modulating autophagy. In addition, FLCN was also required to maintain cell to cell contacts in the epithelial layer. In an infection model with polarized cells, FLCN inhibited the polarized localization of E-cadherin and the transcytosis of gonococci across polarized epithelial cells. In conclusion, we demonstrate here the connection between FLCN and bacterial infection and in particular the role of FLCN in the intracellular survival and transcytosis of gonococci across polarized epithelial cell layers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HeydarianYangSchweinlinetal.2019,
  author    = {Heydarian, Motaharehsadat and Yang, Tao and Schweinlin, Matthias and Steinke, Maria and Walles, Heike and Rudel, Thomas and Kozjak-Pavlovic, Vera},
  title     = {Biomimetic human tissue model for long-term study of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection},
  series = {Frontiers in Microbiology},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Microbiology},
  number    = {1740},
  issn      = {1664-302X},
  doi       = {10.3389/fmicb.2019.01740},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-197912},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Gonorrhea is the second most common sexually transmitted infection in the world and is caused by Gram-negative diplococcus Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Since N. gonorrhoeae is a human-specific pathogen, animal infection models are only of limited use. Therefore, a suitable in vitro cell culture model for studying the complete infection including adhesion, transmigration and transport to deeper tissue layers is required. In the present study, we generated three independent 3D tissue models based on porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) scaffold by co-culturing human dermal fibroblasts with human colorectal carcinoma, endometrial epithelial, and male uroepithelial cells. Functional analyses such as transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and FITC-dextran assay indicated the high barrier integrity of the created monolayer. The histological, immunohistochemical, and ultra-structural analyses showed that the 3D SIS scaffold-based models closely mimic the main characteristics of the site of gonococcal infection in human host including the epithelial monolayer, the underlying connective tissue, mucus production, tight junction, and microvilli formation. We infected the established 3D tissue models with different N. gonorrhoeae strains and derivatives presenting various phenotypes regarding adhesion and invasion. The results indicated that the disruption of tight junctions and increase in interleukin production in response to the infection is strain and cell type-dependent. In addition, the models supported bacterial survival and proved to be better suitable for studying infection over the course of several days in comparison to commonly used Transwell® models. This was primarily due to increased resilience of the SIS scaffold models to infection in terms of changes in permeability, cell destruction and bacterial transmigration. In summary, the SIS scaffold-based 3D tissue models of human mucosal tissues represent promising tools for investigating N. gonorrhoeae infections under close-to-natural conditions.},
  language  = {en}
}