@article{WillekeJansonZinketal.2021, author = {Willeke, Kristina and Janson, Patrick and Zink, Katharina and Stupp, Carolin and Kittel-Schneider, Sarah and Bergh{\"o}fer, Anne and Ewert, Thomas and King, Ryan and Heuschmann, Peter U. and Zapf, Andreas and Wildner, Manfred and Keil, Thomas}, title = {Occurrence of mental illness and mental health risks among the self-employed: a systematic review}, series = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health}, volume = {18}, journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health}, number = {16}, issn = {1660-4601}, doi = {10.3390/ijerph18168617}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-245085}, year = {2021}, abstract = {We aimed to systematically identify and evaluate all studies of good quality that compared the occurrence of mental disorders in the self-employed versus employees. Adhering to the Cochrane guidelines, we conducted a systematic review and searched three major medical databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase), complemented by hand search. We included 26 (three longitudinal and 23 cross-sectional) population-based studies of good quality (using a validated quality assessment tool), with data from 3,128,877 participants in total. The longest of these studies, a Swedish national register evaluation with 25 years follow-up, showed a higher incidence of mental illness among the self-employed compared to white-collar workers, but a lower incidence compared to blue-collar workers. In the second longitudinal study from Sweden the self-employed had a lower incidence of mental illness compared to both blue- and white-collar workers over 15 years, whereas the third longitudinal study (South Korea) did not find a difference regarding the incidence of depressive symptoms over 6 years. Results from the cross-sectional studies showed associations between self-employment and poor general mental health and stress, but were inconsistent regarding other mental outcomes. Most studies from South Korea found a higher prevalence of mental disorders among the self-employed compared to employees, whereas the results of cross-sectional studies from outside Asia were less consistent. In conclusion, we found evidence from population-based studies for a link between self-employment and increased risk of mental illness. Further longitudinal studies are needed examining the potential risk for the development of mental disorders in specific subtypes of the self-employed.}, language = {en} } @article{FrickeAvilaKelleretal.2020, author = {Fricke, Julia and {\´A}vila, Gabriela and Keller, Theresa and Weller, Karsten and Lau, Susanne and Maurer, Marcus and Zuberbier, Torsten and Keil, Thomas}, title = {Prevalence of chronic urticaria in children and adults across the globe: Systematic review with meta-analysis}, series = {Allergy}, volume = {75}, journal = {Allergy}, number = {2}, doi = {10.1111/all.14037}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-213700}, pages = {423 -- 432}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Background and objectives: Urticaria is a frequent skin condition, but reliable prevalence estimates from population studies particularly of the chronic form are scarce. The objective of this study was to systematically evaluate and summarize the prevalence of chronic urticaria by evaluating population-based studies worldwide. Methods: We performed a systematic search in PUBMED and EMBASE for population-based studies of cross-sectional or cohort design and studies based on health insurance/system databases. Risk of bias was assessed using a specific tool for prevalence studies. For meta-analysis, we used a random effects model. Results: Eighteen studies were included in the systematic evaluation and 11 in the meta-analysis including data from over 86 000 000 participants. Risk of bias was mainly moderate, whereas the statistical heterogeneity (I\(^{2}\)) between the studies was high. Asian studies combined showed a higher point prevalence of chronic urticaria (1.4\%, 95\%-CI 0.5-2.9) than those from Europe (0.5\%, 0.2-1.0) and Northern American (0.1\%, 0.1-0.1). Women were slightly more affected than men, whereas in children < 15 years we did not find a sex-specific difference in the prevalence. The four studies that examined time trends indicated an increasing prevalence of chronic urticaria over time. Conclusions: On a global level, the prevalence of chronic urticaria showed considerable regional differences. There is a need to obtain more sex-specific population-based and standardized international data particularly for children and adolescents, different chronic urticaria subtypes and potential risk and protective factors.}, language = {en} } @article{HessMengSchulteetal.2020, author = {Heß, Verena and Meng, Karin and Schulte, Thomas and Neuderth, Silke and Bengel, J{\"u}rgen and Faller, Hermann and Schuler, Michael}, title = {Prevalence and predictors of cancer patients' unexpressed needs in the admission interview of inpatient rehabilitation}, series = {Psycho-Oncology}, volume = {29}, journal = {Psycho-Oncology}, number = {10}, doi = {10.1002/pon.5450}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-228369}, pages = {1549 -- 1556}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Objective The admission interview in oncological inpatient rehabilitation might be a good opportunity to identify cancer patients' needs present after acute treatment. However, a relevant number of patients may not express their needs. In this study, we examined (a) the proportion of cancer patients with unexpressed needs, (b) topics of unexpressed needs and reasons for not expressing needs, (c) correlations of not expressing needs with several patient characteristics, and (d) predictors of not expressing needs. Methods We enrolled 449 patients with breast, prostate, and colon cancer at beginning and end of inpatient rehabilitation. We obtained self-reports about unexpressed needs and health-related variables (quality of life, depression, anxiety, adjustment disorder, and health literacy). We estimated frequencies and conducted correlation and ordinal logistic regression analyses. Results A quarter of patients stated they had "rather not" or "not at all" expressed all relevant needs. Patients mostly omitted fear of cancer recurrence. Most frequent reasons for not expressing needs were being focused on physical consequences of cancer, concerns emerging only later, and not knowing about the possibility of talking about distress. Not expressing needs was associated with several health-related outcomes, for example, emotional functioning, adjustment disorder, fear of progression, and health literacy. Depression measured at the beginning of rehabilitation showed only small correlations and is therefore not sufficient to identify patients with unexpressed needs. Conclusions A relevant proportion of cancer patients reported unexpressed needs in the admission interview. This was associated with decreased mental health. Therefore, it seems necessary to support patients in expressing needs.}, language = {en} } @article{GrabenhenrichTrendelenburgBellachetal.2020, author = {Grabenhenrich, Linus and Trendelenburg, Val{\´e}rie and Bellach, Johanna and Y{\"u}rek, Song{\"u}l and Reich, Andreas and Fiandor, Ana and Rivero, Daniela and Sigurdardottir, Sigurveig and Clausen, Michael and Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G. and Xepapadaki, Paraskevi and Sprikkelman, Aline B. and Dontje, Bianca and Roberts, Graham and Grimshaw, Kate and Kowalski, Marek L. and Kurowski, Marcin and Dubakiene, Ruta and Rudzeviciene, Odilija and Fern{\´a}ndez-Rivas, Montserrat and Couch, Philip and Versteeg, Serge A. and van Ree, Ronald and Mills, Clare and Keil, Thomas and Beyer, Kirsten}, title = {Frequency of food allergy in school-aged children in eight European countries—The EuroPrevall-iFAAM birth cohort}, series = {Allergy}, volume = {75}, journal = {Allergy}, number = {9}, doi = {10.1111/all.14290}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-214746}, pages = {2294 -- 2308}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Background The prevalence of food allergy (FA) among European school children is poorly defined. Estimates have commonly been based on parent-reported symptoms. We aimed to estimate the frequency of FA and sensitization against food allergens in primary school children in eight European countries. Methods A follow-up assessment at age 6-10 years of a multicentre European birth cohort based was undertaken using an online parental questionnaire, clinical visits including structured interviews and skin prick tests (SPT). Children with suspected FA were scheduled for double-blind, placebo-controlled oral food challenges (DBPCFC). Results A total of 6105 children participated in this school-age follow-up (57.8\% of 10 563 recruited at birth). For 982 of 6069 children (16.2\%), parents reported adverse reactions after food consumption in the online questionnaire. Of 2288 children with parental face-to-face interviews and/or skin prick testing, 238 (10.4\%) were eligible for a DBPCFC. Sixty-three foods were challenge-tested in 46 children. Twenty food challenges were positive in 17 children, including seven to hazelnut and three to peanut. Another seventy-one children were estimated to suffer FA among those who were eligible but refused DBPCFC. This yielded prevalence estimates for FA in school age between 1.4\% (88 related to all 6105 participants of this follow-up) and 3.8\% (88 related to 2289 with completed eligibility assessment). Interpretation In primary school children in eight European countries, the prevalence of FA was lower than expected even though parents of this cohort have become especially aware of allergic reactions to food. There was moderate variation between centres hampering valid regional comparisons.}, language = {en} } @article{TiffeWagnerRueckeretal.2017, author = {Tiffe, Theresa and Wagner, Martin and R{\"u}cker, Viktoria and Morbach, Caroline and Gelbrich, G{\"o}tz and St{\"o}rk, Stefan and Heuschmann, Peter U.}, title = {Control of cardiovascular risk factors and its determinants in the general population - findings from the STAAB cohort study}, series = {BMC Cardiovascular Disorders}, volume = {17}, journal = {BMC Cardiovascular Disorders}, number = {276}, doi = {10.1186/s12872-017-0708-x}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159391}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Background: While data from primary care suggest an insufficient control of vascular risk factors, little is known about vascular risk factor control in the general population. We therefore aimed to investigate the adoption of adequate risk factor control and its determinants in the general population free of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: Data from the Characteristics and Course of Heart Failure Stages A-B and Determinants of Progression (STAAB) Cohort Study, a population-based study of inhabitants aged 30 to 79 years from the general population of W{\"u}rzburg (Germany), were used. Proportions of participants without established CVD meeting targets for risk factor control recommended by 2016 ESC guideline were identified. Determinants of the accumulation of insufficiently controlled vascular risk factors (three or more) were assessed. Results: Between December 2013 and April 2015, 1379 participants without CVD were included; mean age was 53.1 ± 11.9 years and 52.9\% were female; 30.8\% were physically inactive, 55.2\% overweight, 19.3\% current smokers. Hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus were prevalent in 31.8\%, 57.6\%, and 3.9\%, respectively. Treatment goals were not reached despite medication in 52.7\% of hypertensive, in 37.3\% of hyperlipidemic and in 44.0\% of diabetic subjects. Insufficiently controlled risk was associated with male sex (OR 1.94, 95\%CI 1.44-2.61), higher age (OR for 30-39 years vs. 70-79 years 4.01, 95\%CI 1.94-8.31) and lower level of education (OR for primary vs. tertiary 2.15, 95\%CI 1.48-3.11). Conclusions: In the general population, prevalence of vascular risk factors was high. We found insufficient identification and control of vascular risk factors and a considerable potential to improve adherence to cardiovascular guidelines for primary prevention. Further studies are needed to identify and overcome patient- and physician-related barriers impeding successful control of vascular risk factors in the general population.}, language = {en} } @article{SteppuhnLangenScheidtNaveetal.2013, author = {Steppuhn, Henriette and Langen, Ute and Scheidt-Nave, Christa and Keil, Thomas}, title = {Major comorbid conditions in asthma and association with asthma-related hospitalizations and emergency department admissions in adults: results from the German national health telephone interview survey (GEDA) 2010}, series = {BMC Pulmonary Medicine}, volume = {13}, journal = {BMC Pulmonary Medicine}, number = {46}, doi = {10.1186/1471-2466-13-46}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-122121}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Background: It remains unclear to what extent asthma in adults is linked to allergic rhinitis (AR), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and acetylsalicylic acid exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), and how these comorbidities may affect asthma outcomes in the general population. We therefore aimed to assess the prevalence of these major comorbidities among adults with asthma and examine their impact on asthma exacerbations requiring hospital care. Methods: A total of 22,050 adults 18 years and older were surveyed in the German National Health Telephone Interview Survey (GEDA) 2010 using a highly standardized computer-assisted interview technique. The study population comprised participants with self-reported physician-diagnosed asthma, among which the current (last 12 months) prevalence of AR and GERD-like symptoms (GERS), and life-time prevalence of AERD was estimated. Weighted bivariate analyses and logistic regression models were applied to assess the association of each comorbid condition with the asthma outcome (any self-reported asthma-related hospitalization and/or emergency department (ED) admission in the past year). Results: Out of 1,136 adults with asthma, 49.6\% had GERS and 42.3\% had AR within the past 12 months; 14.0\% met the criteria of AERD, and 75.7\% had at least one out of the three conditions. Overall, the prevalence of at least one exacerbation requiring emergency room or hospital admission within the past year was 9.0\%. Exacerbation prevalence was higher among participants with comorbidities than among those without (9.8\% vs. 8.2\% for GERS; 11.2\% vs. 7.6\% for AR, and 22.2\% vs. 7.0\% for AERD), but only differences in association with AERD were statistically significant. A strong association between asthma exacerbation and AERD persisted in multivariable logistic regression analyses adjusting for sex, age group, level of body mass index, smoking status, educational attainment, and duration of asthma: odds ratio (OR) = 4.5, 95\% confidence interval (CI) = 2.5-8.2. Conclusions: Data from this large nation-wide study provide evidence that GERS, AR and AERD are all common comorbidities among adults with asthma. Our data underline the public health and clinical impact of asthma with complicating AERD, contributing considerably to disease-specific hospitalization and/or ED admission in a defined asthma population, and emphasize the importance of its recognition in asthma care.}, language = {en} }