@phdthesis{WaagHiersch2017,
  author    = {Waag-Hiersch, Luisa},
  title     = {„iClick"-Reaktionen von Ru- und Rh-Azid-Komplexen mit elektronenarmen Alkinen: Regioselektivit{\"a}t, Stabilit{\"a}t und Kinetik},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-146286},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Die regioselektive Funktionalisierung von Bio(makro)molek{\"u}len erfordert Reaktionen, die mit einem biologischen System weder interagieren noch interferieren. Bestimmte funktionelle Gruppen, wie Azide oder Alkine, sind unter physiologischen Bedingungen inert, kommen nicht in der Natur vor, lassen sich selektiv miteinander verkn{\"u}pfen und sind nicht-toxisch gegen{\"u}ber Zellen und Organismen. F{\"u}r die Einf{\"u}hrung metallbasierter Funktionalit{\"a}ten in solche Zielstrukturen stellen Click-Reaktionen daher einen schnellen Zugang dar, wobei Reaktionen, die ohne Zusatz von Katalysator und bei Raumtemperatur ablaufen von besonderem Interesse sind. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es daher die „iClick"-Reaktion von Ruthenium-Azid-Komplexen der allgemeinen Formel [Ru(N3)(aren)(N-N)]+ mit bidentaten Stickstoffliganden sowie Rhodium-Azid-Komplexen der allgemeinen Formel [Rh(Cp*)(N3)(bpyR,R)]+ mit unterschiedlich substituierten 2,2'-Bipyridin-Coliganden (R = OCH3, H, COOCH3) gegen{\"u}ber elektronenarmen Alkinen zu untersuchen. R{\"o}ntgenstrukturanalysen der resultierenden Triazolat-Komplexe sollten den Koordinationsmodus best{\"a}tigten, da die Produkte der Click-Reaktionen prinzipiell als zwei verschiedene Regioisomere auftreten k{\"o}nnen. Die [Rh(Cp*)(N3)(bpyR,R)]CF3SO3-Komplexe mit 2,2'-Bipyridin (bpy), dem elektronenziehenden Ligand 4,4'-Bis(methoxycarbonyl)-2,2′-bipyridin (bpyCOOCH3,COOCH3) sowie dem elektronenschiebenden Ligand 4,4'-Dimethoxy-2,2'-bipyridin (bpyOCH3,OCH3) wurden aus den entsprechenden Rhodium-Chlorido-Komplexen durch F{\"a}llung des Halogenids mit Silbertrifluormethansulfonat und anschließender Umsetzung mit Natriumazid hergestellt. In L{\"o}sung waren diese Verbindungen jedoch nur begrenzt stabil, wobei der Komplex mit bpyOCH3,OCH3 am wenigsten empfindlich war, w{\"a}hrend [Rh(Cp*)(N3)(bpyCOOCH3,COOCH3)]CF3SO3 aufgrund der sehr schnellen Zersetzung nicht isoliert werden konnte. Die „iClick"-Reaktion der Rhodium-Azid-Komplexe mit 4,4,4-Trifluorobut-2-ins{\"a}ureethylester ergab dann aber die stabilen Triazolat-Komplexe [Rh(Cp*)(triazolatCF3,COOEt)(bpyR,R)]CF3SO3 in sehr guter Ausbeute. Die Ruthenium-Azid-Komplexe [Ru(N3)(N-N)(p­cym)]PF6 mit N-N = bpy, bpyCOOCH3,COOCH3, bpyOCH3,OCH3, Bipyrimidin (bpym) sowie Dipyrido[3,2­a:2',3'­c]phenazin (dppz) wurden ausgehend von den jeweiligen Ruthenium-Chlorido-Komplexen durch F{\"a}llung des Halogenid-Liganden mit Silbertrifluormethansulfonat und anschließender Umsetzung mit Natriumazid in guter bis moderater Ausbeute hergestellt. Um den Einfluss des Aren-Liganden zu untersuchen wurde außerdem der entsprechende Hexamethylbenzol-Komplex [Ru(N3)(bpy)(hmb)]CF3SO3 in moderater Ausbeute hergestellt. Alle [Ru(N3)(aren)(N-N)]X-Komplexe mit X = PF6- oder CF3SO3- wurden mittels 1H, 13C NMR- und IR-Spektroskopie, CHN-Analyse sowie ESI-Massenspektrometrie charakterisiert. Die „iClick"-Reaktion dieser Komplexe erfolgte mit 4,4,4-Trifluorobut-2-ins{\"a}ureethylester und teilweise auch mit Dimethylacetylendicaboxylat (DMAD) in sehr guter bis guter Ausbeute. Außerdem konnten f{\"u}r die R{\"o}ntgenstrukturanalyse taugliche Einkristalle von [Ru(triazolatCF3,COOEt)(bpy)(hmb)]CF3SO3 und [Ru(triazolatCF3,COOEt)(bpyCOOCH3,COOCH3)(p­cym)]PF6 erhalten werden, die die N2-Koordination des Triazolat-Liganden an das Zentralatom best{\"a}tigten. Um diese als metallbasierte Marker einsetzen zu k{\"o}nnen, m{\"u}ssen die resultierenden Triazolat-Komplexe bei biologisch relevanten pH-Werten und gegen{\"u}ber Ligandenaustausch, zum Beispiel mit den Aminos{\"a}ureseitenketten von Proteinen, stabil sein. Durch HPLC-Untersuchungen an [Ru(triazolatCF3,COOEt)(bpy)(hmb)]CF3SO3 wurde gezeigt, dass dieser Komplex in w{\"a}ssriger L{\"o}sung {\"u}ber einen pH-Bereich von 1 bis 8 bei Raumtemperatur mindestens 24 h stabil ist. Außerdem konnte eine weitgehende Stabilit{\"a}t gegen{\"u}ber Ligandenaustausch mit den Seitenketten der Aminos{\"a}uren L­Cystein, L-Histidin, L­Methionin und L-Glutamins{\"a}ure bei 37 °C {\"u}ber mindestens 72 h festgestellt werden. Insbesondere die Geschwindigkeit der „iClick"-Reaktion ist in einem biologischen Kontext von Bedeutung, da die Konjugationsreaktionen schneller ablaufen m{\"u}ssen als interessierende biologische Prozesse. Mittels HPLC und IR-Spektroskopie wurde f{\"u}r die „iClick"-Reaktion der Rutheniumazid-Komplexe [Ru(N3)(bpyR,R)(p-cym)]PF6 mit R = OCH3, H oder COOCH3 sowie [Ru(N3)(bpy)(hmb)]CF3SO3 mit einem {\"U}berschuss an 4,4,4-Trifluorobut-2-ins{\"a}ureethylester Geschwindigkeitskonstanten pseudoerster Ordnung im Bereich von 1 ­ 3*10-3 s-1 bestimmt. Außerdem war es mittels IR-Spektroskopie in L{\"o}sung m{\"o}glich die Geschwindigkeits-konstante pseudoerster Ordnung f{\"u}r die „iClick"-Reaktion der Rhodiumazid-Verbindungen [Rh(Cp*)(N3)(bpyR,R)]CF3SO3 mit R = OCH3, H oder COOCH3 und 4,4,4-Trifluorobut-2-ins{\"a}ureethylester zu 2 ­ 4*10-3 s-1 zu ermitteln. Insgesamt zeigte sich, dass Komplexe mit elektronenreichen Coliganden schneller mit 4,4,4-Trifluorobut-2-ins{\"a}ureethylester reagieren als solche mit elektronen{\"a}rmeren Liganden. Auch war die Geschwindigkeitskonstante f{\"u}r die Reaktion der Rhodium-Komplexe h{\"o}her als f{\"u}r die Rutheniumverbindungen. Die Geschwindigkeitskonstanten zweiter Ordnung wurden aus der 19F NMR-spektroskopischen Untersuchung der Reaktion von 4,4,4-Trifluorobut-2-ins{\"a}ureethylester und [Ru(N3)(bpyR,R) (p-cym)]PF6 mit R = OCH3, H oder COOCH3 sowie [Ru(N3)(bpy)(hmb)]CF3SO3 bei 20 °C bestimmt. Bei ann{\"a}hernd gleichem Verh{\"a}ltnis von Alkin und Rutheniumazid-Komplexen wurden Geschwindigkeitskonstanten im Bereich von 1 - 2*10-2 L mol-1 s-1 erhalten. Diese sind gr{\"o}ßer als die der Staudinger-Ligation, aber kleiner als die der spannungsinduzierten Azid-Alkin Cycloaddition. Prinzipiell sollte damit also eine biologische Anwendung m{\"o}glich sein. Außerdem wurde die Aktivierungsenergie der Reaktion von [Ru(N3)(bpy)(p­cym)]PF6 mit 4,4,4-Trifluorobut-2-ins{\"a}ureethylester aus der Untersuchung der Temperaturabh{\"a}ngigkeit im Bereich von -20 °C bis +20 °C mit VT-NMR zu 46.1 kJ mol-1 bestimmt. In den 19F NMR-Spektren des Reaktionsgemisches zeigte sich bei -20 °C neben dem Signal des N2-koordinierten Triazolats außerdem ein weiteres, das dem N1-Isomer zuzuordnen ist, welches bei Erw{\"a}rmen jedoch wieder verschwand. In einer DFT-Rechnung wurde die Geometrie von [Ru(N3)(bpy)(hmb)]CF3SO3 optimiert. Dabei zeigte sich, dass nur etwa 25 - 30\% aller Trajektorien angreifender Alkinmolek{\"u}len einen Zugang zum Azid erm{\"o}glichen, sodass die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit um etwa einen Faktor vier niedriger liegen sollte als f{\"u}r nicht oder nur wenig abgeschirmte Organoazid-Verbindungen. Die „iClick"-Reaktion der hier untersuchten Metall-Azid-Komplexe mit elektronenarmen Alkinen zeigt also bereits jetzt Reaktionsgeschwindigkeiten vergleichbar etablierter Biokonjugationsreaktionen. In Zukunft sollte daher das Potential anderer Metall-Azid-Bausteine untersucht und auch das Alkin variiert werden.},
  subject      = {Ruthenium},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{LambertKauppSchleyer1993,
  author    = {Lambert, Christoph and Kaupp, Martin and Schleyer, Paul von Rague},
  title     = {"Inverted" Sodium-Lithium Electronegativity: Polarity and Metalation Energies of Organic and Inorganic Alkali-Metal Compounds},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-60054},
  year      = {1993},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Anorganische Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Kerpen2022,
  author    = {Kerpen, Christoph},
  title     = {- CYANOBORATE - Salze reaktiver Kationen sowie {\"U}bergangsmetallverbindungen},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-16397},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-163974},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Die hier vorliegende Arbeit behandelt die Synthese und Charakterisierung neuer {\"U}bergangsmetall-Borate sowie auf Cyanoborat-Anionen basierende {\"U}bergangsmetallkomplexe und Koordinationsverbindungen mit N-Donor-Liganden und Triphenylphosphan.},
  subject      = {borate},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Bejan2010,
  author    = {Bejan, Iulia Cornelia},
  title     = {{\"U}bertragung von Si=Si-Doppelbindungen auf organische Substrate: Stabile konjugierte Systeme vs. Umlagerungsreaktionen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-51863},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {In dieser Arbeit wurde die Synthese und Charakterisierung von Systemen mit mehreren phenylen- oder vinylen-konjugierten Si=Si- bzw. C=Si-Doppelbindungen angestrebt. An diesen Verbindungen wurde die Art der Wechselwirkung sowie der Grad der Konjugation zwischen siliciumhaltigen Doppelbindungen und aromatischen Verkn{\"u}pfungseinheiten untersucht. Auf diese Weise wurde die Grundlage f{\"u}r die Darstellung von Polymeren auf Basis dieser Bauelemente bereitet, um die aktuellen Entwicklungen von P=C- und P=P- Doppelbindungssystemen hin zu schwereren Analoga von Polyphenylenvinylen Copolymeren nachvollziehen zu k{\"o}nnen.},
  subject      = {Doppelbindung},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Guethlein2012,
  author    = {G{\"u}thlein, Frank},
  title     = {{\"U}bergangsmetallkatalysierte Synthese von Diboranen(4)},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-71013},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Die Diborane(4) Bis(catecholato)diboran und Bis(pinakolato)diboran k{\"o}nnen durch homogene und heterogene Katalysatoren durch eine Dehydrokupplungsreaktion ausgehend von Catecholboran und Pinakolboran dargestellt werden. Der effizienteste Katalysator f{\"u}r diese Reaktion ist Platin auf Aluminiumoxid, wobei Umsatzzahlen von maximal 11600 und Umsatzfrequenzen von 444 1/h erreicht werden.},
  subject      = {Heterogene Katalyse},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Kramer2015,
  author    = {Kramer, Thomas},
  title     = {{\"U}bergangsmetall-Bor-Wechselwirkungen in Boryl- und Boridkomplexen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-112222},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {Durch Untersuchungen zur Reaktivit{\"a}t von Boryl- und Boridverbindungen konnten deren Bindungssituationen aufgekl{\"a}rt und neuartige Koordinationsmotive von {\"U}bergangsmetall-Bor-Verbindungen erhalten werden. Die erhaltenen Verbindungen wurden mittels NMR-Spektroskopie, IR-Spektroskopie, Elementaranalyse und R{\"o}ntgendiffraktometrie untersucht und zus{\"a}tzlich wurden DFT-Rechnungen angefertigt. An verschieden substituierten Eisenborylkomplexen wurden Reaktivit{\"a}tsuntersuchungen gegen{\"u}ber Halogenidabstraktionsmitteln und Reduktionsmitteln durchgef{\"u}hrt und im Falle der Boridkomplexe wurden Verbindungen mit bis dato unbekanntem Strukturmotiv erhalten.},
  subject      = {{\"U}bergangsmetall},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BurschkaBronger1977,
  author    = {Burschka, Christian and Bronger, W.},
  title     = {{\"U}ber die Struktur von CsAg\(_3\)S\(_2\) und RbAg\(_3\)S\(_2\)},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-31393},
  year      = {1977},
  abstract  = {Die Synthese von CsAg\(_3\)S\(_2\) und RbAg\(_3\)S\(_2\) gelingt durch Umsetzungen von Alkalimetallcarbonaten mit Silber und Schwefel in der Schmelze. R{\"o}ntgenbeugungsuntersuchungen an Einkristallen ergaben, daß die Schichtstruktur dieser beiden isotypen Verbindungen mit der von K\(_2\)Ag\(_4\)Sa [1] verwandt ist. In allen drei Thioargentaten fanden wir die gleichen r{\"o}hrenf{\"o}rmigen SilberSchwefel- Verb{\"a}nde. Durch eine verschiedene Verkn{\"u}pfung dieser Verb{\"a}nde wird der unterschiedlichen St{\"o}chiometrie der Verbindungen Rechnung getragen.},
  subject      = {Chemie},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BraunschweigDewhurstSchwabetal.2010,
  author    = {Braunschweig, Holger and Dewhurst, Rian D. and Schwab, Katrin and Wagner, Katharina},
  title     = {{N ',N ''-Bis[2,6-bis(1-methylethyl)phenyl]-N,N-dimethylguanidinato-kappa N-2 ',N ''}dibromidoborane},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-67622},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {In the molecular structure of the title compound, C27H40N3BBr2, the B atom is connected to two bromide substituents and a guanidinate scaffold, forming a four- membered ring. An aryl group is connected to each N atom in the ring that contains two isopropyl groups in positions 2 and 6.},
  subject      = {Anorganische Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SperlichBechtMuehleisenetal.1993,
  author    = {Sperlich, J{\"o}rg and Becht, Joachim and M{\"u}hleisen, Mathias and Wagner, Stephan A. and Mattern, G{\"u}nter and Tacke, Reinhold},
  title     = {Zwitterionische Bis[vic-arendiolato(2-)][(morpholinio)alkyl]silicate: Synthese sowie strukturelle Charakterisierung in L{\"o}sung und im Kristall},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-73153},
  year      = {1993},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  subject      = {Silicate},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Voegler2001,
  author    = {V{\"o}gler, Matthias},
  title     = {Zweifach Eisen-substituierte Silane, Silanole und Siloxane},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-1181568},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2001},
  abstract  = {Die vorliegende Dissertation besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit der Darstellung {\"U}bergangsmetall-substitutierter Silane und Untersuchungen zum Einfluss verschiedener {\"U}bergangsmetallsubstituenten auf die chemischen und spektroskopischen Eigenschaften dieser Klasse von Siliciumverbindungen. Dabei steht insbesondere die Synthese mehrfach metallierter Silanole und Siloxane im Vordergrund. A - Halogenierte Bis(metallo)silane: Durch schrittweise Umsetzung von HSiCl3 oder HSiCl2Me mit den {\"U}bergangsmetallaten Na[Fe(CO)2Cp] oder Li[W(CO)2PMe3Cp] wurden verschiedene bismetalliete Silane [LnM]2SiRCl (R = H, Me) aufgebaut. Durch weitere Derivatisierung konnten u.a. die Bis(ferrio)silane [Cp(OC)2Fe]2SiX2 (X = F, Cl, Br, I) dargestellt und z. T. durch R{\"o}ntgenstrukturen charakterisiert werden. Aus diesen Verbindungen lassen sich durch photochemische CO-Eliminierung die µ2-silylenverbr{\"u}ckten Komplexe [Cp(OC)Fe]2(µ2-CO)(µ2-SiRHal) (R = Me, Halogen) gewinnen. B - Bis(metallo)silanole und -siloxane: Die unter A hergestellten Verbindungen dienten als Vorstufen zur Synthese der neuen Bis(ferrio)silanole [Cp(OC)2Fe]2SiX(OH) (X = H, Cl, OH) und des hetero-bismetallierten Silanols [Cp(OC)2Fe][Cp(OC)2PMe3]SiMe(OH). Dabei konnte lediglich [Cp(OC)2Fe]2SiH(OH) durch Hydrolyse des entsprechenden halogenierten Bis(ferrio)silans hergestellt werden. Alle anderen Bis(metallo)silanole wurden durch Oxygenierung der jeweiligen SiH-funktionellen Vorstufen mit Hilfe von Dimethyldioxiran synthetisiert. Alle Bis(metallo)silanole sind stabil bez{\"u}glich Eigenkondensation, lassen sich aber mit ClSiMe2H in die entsprechenden Siloxane [LnM]2SiR(OSiMe2H) umwandeln. C - Co2(CO)2 assistierte Hydrolyse von Silanen: Die Umsetzung verschiedener Si-H-funktioneller Silane R3Si-H mit Dicobaltoctacarbonyl f{\"u}hrt unter H2-Entwicklung zu Cobaltio-Silanen R3Si-Co(CO)4. Diese besitzen eine extrem labile Si-CoBindung, welche sich durch zahlreiche protische Reagenzien spalten l{\"a}ßt. Es wurden u. a die Cobaltio-Silane Me3SiOSiMe2-Co(CO4), Me(OMe)2Si-Co(CO)4 und Ph2SiCo2(CO)7 generiert und durch Hydrolyse in verschiedene Silanole oder Siloxane {\"u}berf{\"u}hrt. Eine direkte hydrolytische SiH/SiOH-Umwandlung ist auch in Gegenwart katalytischer Mengen Co2(CO)8 m{\"o}glich und wurde u.a. zur Darstellung des Bis(ferrio)siloxanols [Cp(OC)2Fe]2Si(OH)(OSiMe2H) genutzt. D - DFT-Berechnungen an {\"U}bergangsmetallverbindungen von Silicium und Phosphor: Die Strukturen der dimeren Siloxygallane (RH2SiOGaMe2)2 (R = H, tBu) wurden theoretisch berechnet. Man findet eine starke Abh{\"a}ngigkeit der Geometrie des zentralen viergliedrigen Ga-O-Ga-O-Ringes von Gr{\"o}ße und relativen Position der exocyclischen Substituenten R. Struktur- und NBO-Analyse des cyclischen Metallasiloxans Cp(OC)(H)Fe[SiMe2O]2SiMe2 belegen den Einfluß des Cp(OC)(H)Fe-Fragmentes auf Struktur und Bindungsverh{\"a}ltnisse des Heterosiloxan Ringes. Relative thermodynamische Stabilit{\"a}ten wurden f{\"u}r die diastereomeren Formen des kationischen Phosphankomplexe lk/ul-Cp*(OC)2Fe-P(Ph)(H)[CH(CO2Me)CH2CO2Me]+ und des µ2-silylenbr{\"u}ckten Eisenkomplexes cis/trans-[Cp(OC)Fe]2(µ2-CO)(µ2-SiH2) theoretisch berechnet.},
  subject      = {Eisenkomplexe},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BurschkaAkguenPindur1983,
  author    = {Burschka, Christian and Akguen, Eyup and Pindur, Ulf},
  title     = {Zur Struktur von (Pyrazolinonyl)-(hydroxypyrazolylium)methanperchloraten NMR-,IR-spektroskopische Studien und Kristallstruktur},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-46800},
  year      = {1983},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Chemie},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{TackeWuttkeHenke1992,
  author    = {Tacke, Reinhold and Wuttke, F. and Henke, H.},
  title     = {Zur Stereochemie der mikrobiellen Reduktion von rac-Acetyl( t-butyl)methylphenylsilan mit Trigonopsis variabilis (DSM 70714) und Corynebacterium dioxydans (ATCC 21766): Aufkl{\"a}rung der absoluten Konfiguration der Biotransformationsprodukte (SiR,CR)- und ( SiS ,CR)-t-Butyl( 1-hydroxyethyl)methylphenylsilan},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-64176},
  year      = {1992},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Anorganische Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Burschka1979,
  author    = {Burschka, Christian},
  title     = {Zur Kristallstruktur der Thiocuprate K\(_3\)Cu\(_8\)S\(_6\) und Rb\(_3\)Cu\(_8\)S\(_6\)},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-46819},
  year      = {1979},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Chemie},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{TackeBechtMatternetal.1992,
  author    = {Tacke, Reinhold and Becht, J. and Mattern, G. and Kuhs, W. F.},
  title     = {Zur Existenz zwitterionischer \(\lambda_5\)-(Ammonioorganyl)tetrafluorosilicate: Synthese sowie Kristall- und Molek{\"u}lstruktur von Tetrafluoro(pyrrolidiniomethyl)silicat},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-64217},
  year      = {1992},
  abstract  = {The zwitterionic tetrafluoro(pyrrolidiniomethyl)silicate (6) was synthesized by the reaction of trimethoxy(pyrrolidinomethyl) silane (7) with hydrogen fluoride in ethanol/hydrofluoric acid (yield 83\%). 6 crystallizes in the space group P2\(_1\)fc with two crystallographically distinct molecules in the asymmetric unit. In both molecules the pentacoordinate silicon atom is surrounded by four fluorine atoms and one carbon atom, the latter being in an equatorial position. The coordination polyhedron of the silicon atoms can be described as a slightly distorted trigonal bipyramid. The zwitterionic structure was also proved for dissolved 6 (solution in CD\(_3\)CN, NMRspectroscopic studies).},
  subject      = {Anorganische Chemie},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{SaadTacke1977,
  author    = {Saad, S. M. and Tacke, Reinhold},
  title     = {Zur Darstellung von 1,1,3,3-Tetramethyl-1,3-disila-2,4,7-trioxa-cycloheptan (1) und 1,1,3,3-Tetramethyl-1,3-disila-2,4,8-trioxa-cyclooctan (2)},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86958},
  year      = {1977},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  subject      = {Anorganische Analyse},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{TackeLinkBentlageFeltenetal.1985,
  author    = {Tacke, Reinhold and Link, Matthias and Bentlage-Felten, Anke and Zilch, Harald},
  title     = {Zum thermischen Verhalten einiger Kohlens{\"a}ure[(methylphenylsilyl)methyl]ester-Derivate},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Naturforschung B},
  volume    = {40},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Naturforschung B},
  number    = {7},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-128293},
  pages     = {942-947},
  year      = {1985},
  abstract  = {The synthesis and the thermal behaviour of the (methylphenylsilyl)methyl carbonates \(CH_3(C_6H_5)Si(H)CH_2OC(O)X (6: X = OCH_3; 7: X = Cl; 8: X = N(CH_3)_2)\) is described. 8 rearranges in toluene solution at 100 °C quantitatively to give the carbam oyloxysilane \(C_6H_5(CH_3)_2SiOC(O)N(CH_3)_2\) (11), whereas neat 6 and 7 at 135 °C undergo quantitative formation of \(C_6H_5(CH_3)_2SiOCH_3\) (12) and \(C_6H_5(CH_3)_2SiCl\) (13), respectively. The formation of 12 and 13 is explained by a rearrangement reaction (by analogy to the rearrangement of 8), follow ed by a decarboxylation. The thermally induced transformations 6 →12, 7 →13, and 8 →11 were found to be first-order reactions with half-lifes of ~2.6 h (135 °C, neat), ~4.5 h (135 °C, neat), and ~3.7 h (100 °C, in toluene), respectively.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{ZhangRadackiBraunschweigetal.2021,
  author    = {Zhang, Fangyuan and Radacki, Krzysztof and Braunschweig, Holger and Lambert, Christoph and Ravat, Prince},
  title     = {Zinc-[7]helicenocyanine and its discrete π-stacked homochiral Dimer},
  series = {Angewandte Chemie International Edition},
  volume    = {60},
  journal   = {Angewandte Chemie International Edition},
  doi       = {10.1002/anie.202109380},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-256534},
  pages     = {23656-23660},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In this communication, we demonstrate a novel approach to prepare a discrete dimer of chiral phthalocyanine (Pc) by exploiting the flexible molecular geometry of helicenes, which enables structural interlocking and strong aggregation tendency of Pcs. Synthesized [7]helicene-Pc hybrid molecular structure, zinc-[7]helicenocyanine (Zn-7HPc), exclusively forms a stable dimeric pair consisting of two homochiral molecules. The dimerization constants were estimated to be as high as 8.96×10\(^6\) M\(^{-1}\) and 3.42×107 M\(^{-1}\) in THF and DMSO, respectively, indicating remarkable stability of dimer. In addition, Zn\(^{-7}\)HPc exhibited chiral self-sorting behavior, which resulted in preferential formation of a homochiral dimer also in the racemic sample. Two phthalocyanine subunits in the dimeric form strongly communicate with each other as revealed by a large comproportionation constant and observation of an IV-CT band for the thermodynamically stable mixed-valence state.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ScherpfSchwarzScharfetal.2018,
  author    = {Scherpf, Thorsten and Schwarz, Christopher and Scharf, Lennart T. and Zur, Jana-Alina and Helbig, Andeas and Gessner, Viktoria H.},
  title     = {Ylide-Functionalized Phosphines: Strong Donor Ligands for Homogeneous Catalysis},
  series = {Angewandte Chemie - International Edition},
  volume    = {57},
  journal   = {Angewandte Chemie - International Edition},
  number    = {39},
  doi       = {10.1002/anie.201805372},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-228551},
  pages     = {12859-12864},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Phosphines are important ligands in homogenous catalysis and have been crucial for many advances, such as in cross-coupling, hydrofunctionalization, or hydrogenation reactions. Herein we report the synthesis and application of a novel class of phosphines bearing ylide substituents. These phosphines are easily accessible via different synthetic routes from commercially available starting materials. Owing to the extra donation from the ylide group to the phosphorus center the ligands are unusually electron-rich and can thus function as strong electron donors. The donor capacity surpasses that of commonly used phosphines and carbenes and can easily be tuned by changing the substitution pattern at the ylidic carbon atom. The huge potential of ylide-functionalized phosphines in catalysis is demonstrated by their use in gold catalysis. Excellent performance at low catalyst loadings under mild reaction conditions is thus seen in different types of transformations.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Goebel2009,
  author    = {G{\"o}bel, Thomas},
  title     = {Wolfram-Ruthenium-Zweikernkomplexe mit verbr{\"u}ckenden Bis(thioaldehyd)-Liganden},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-39912},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {Wolfram-Ruthenium-Zweikernkomplexe mit verbr{\"u}ckenden Bis(thioaldehyd)-Liganden: Synthese und Reaktivit{\"a}t in elektrophilen und nucleophilen Additionen.},
  subject      = {Metallorganische Chemie},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{RamlerKrummenacherLichtenberg2020,
  author    = {Ramler, Jacqueline and Krummenacher, Ivo and Lichtenberg, Crispin},
  title     = {Well-Defined, Molecular Bismuth Compounds: Catalysts in Photochemically Induced Radical Dehydrocoupling Reactions},
  series = {Chemistry - A European Journal},
  volume    = {26},
  journal   = {Chemistry - A European Journal},
  number    = {64},
  doi       = {10.1002/chem.202002219},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-224577},
  pages     = {14551 -- 14555},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {A series of diorgano(bismuth)chalcogenides, [Bi(di-aryl)EPh], has been synthesised and fully characterised (E=S, Se, Te). These molecular bismuth complexes have been exploited in homogeneous photochemically-induced radical catalysis, using the coupling of silanes with TEMPO as a model reaction (TEMPO=(tetramethyl-piperidin-1-yl)-oxyl). Their catalytic properties are complementary or superior to those of known catalysts for these coupling reactions. Catalytically competent intermediates of the reaction have been identified. Applied analytical techniques include NMR, UV/Vis, and EPR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, and (TD)-DFT calculations.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Fritze2021,
  author    = {Fritze, Lars},
  title     = {Ways to Novel Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Materials Applying New B-C Bond Formation Strategies},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-24217},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-242173},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {π-Conjugated oligomers and polymers with tricoordinate boron centers incorporated into the main chain have attracted considerable attention as the interaction of the vacant p orbital on boron with an adjacent π system of the chain leads to conjugated materials with intriguing optical and electronic properties. This enables applicability in organic electronics and optoelectronics (OLEDs, OFETs, photovoltaics) or as sensory materials. The potential of our B-C coupling protocol using metal-free catalytic Si/B exchange condensation is demonstrated by the synthesis of a series of π-conjugated monodisperse (het)aryl oligoboranes. Variation of the (het)aryl moieties allowed for tunability of the optoelectronic properties of the materials. Additionally, catalytic C-C cross-coupling strategies were applied to synthesize oligofuryl-based mono- and bisboranes, as well as polymers. These studies led to very robust and highly emissive compounds (f up to 97 \%), which allow for tuning of their emission color from blue to orange. Furthermore, this work includes investigations of reaction routes to a kinetically stabilized tetraoxaporphyrinogen. Being a key aspect of this work, a full investigation of the mechanism of the catalytic Si/B exchange was carried out. Additionally, this work presents the use of borenium cations to perform B-C coupling via intermolecular electrophilic borylation. Similar to the Si/B exchange, this route is capable of giving access to diaryl(bromo)boranes.},
  subject      = {Konjugierte Polymere},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MansourSteigerNageletal.2019,
  author    = {Mansour, Ahmed M. and Steiger, Christoph and Nagel, Christoph and Schatzschneider, Ulrich},
  title     = {Wavelength-dependent control of the CO release kinetics of manganese(I) tricarbonyl PhotoCORMs with benzimidazole coligands},
  series = {European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry},
  volume    = {2019},
  journal   = {European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry},
  number    = {42},
  doi       = {10.1002/ejic.201900894},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-218362},
  pages     = {4572-4581},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {A series of photoactivatable CO-releasing molecules (PhotoCORMs) was prepared from manganese pentacarbonyl bromide and 1H-benzimidazol-2-ylmethyl-(N-phenyl)amine ligands (L) bearing different electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups R = H, 4-CH\(_3\), 4-OCH\(_3\), 4-Cl, 4-NO\(_2\), 2-, 3-, and 4-COOCH\(_3\) on the phenyl substituent to give octahedral manganese(I) complexes of the general formula [MnBr(CO)\(_3\)(L)]. Aerated DMSO solutions of the compounds are stable in the dark for 16 h with no CO release. However, the compounds rapidly release CO upon illumination at 412-525 nm, depending on the substitution pattern. Its influence on the photophysical and photochemical properties was systematically explored using UV/Vis spectroscopy and CO release measurements with a commercial gas sensor system. In the nitro-substituted compound, the electronically excited state switched from benzimidazole- to phenyl-centered, leading to a markedly different photochemical behavior of this visible-light activated PhotoCORM.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Troegel2009,
  author    = {Troegel, Dennis},
  title     = {Von einfachen Silanen zu multifunktionellen Systemen: Synthese und Charakterisierung neuartiger siliciumhaltiger Synthesebausteine und siliciumorganischer Chelatliganden},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-35188},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt die Synthese multifunktioneller siliciumhaltiger Synthesebausteine, die sich von (Chlormethyl)silanen ableiten und Verbindungen des allgemeinen Formeltyps R(4-n)Si(CH2X)n (n = 2-4; R = organischer Rest; X = funktionelle Gruppe) darstellen. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus wurden funktionalisierte siliciumhaltige Borons{\"a}uren und Epoxide mit einem (2-Halogen-5-pyridyl)silan-Ger{\"u}st (Halogen = F, Cl) dargestellt. Die Charakterisierung der Zielverbindungen sowie aller auftretenden Zwischenstufen erfolgte durch NMR-Spektroskopie (1H, 13C, 11B, 15N, 19F, 29Si) und elementaranalytische Untersuchungen sowie in ausgew{\"a}hlten F{\"a}llen durch Einkristall-R{\"o}ntgenstrukturanalyse. Die in dieser Arbeit beschriebenen multifunktionellen siliciumhaltigen Synthesebausteine sind zur Synthese neuartiger Silicium-Verbindungen, insbesondere Wirkstoffe, von Interesse und k{\"o}nnen in einigen F{\"a}llen auch als siliciumorganische Chelatliganden zur Komplexierung von {\"U}bergangsmetallen verwendet werden.},
  subject      = {Siliciumorganische Verbindungen},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{SchenkLeissnerBurschka1985,
  author    = {Schenk, Wolfdieter A. and Leissner, Johanna and Burschka, Christian},
  title     = {Vier- und f{\"u}nffach koordinierte Schwefelmonoxid-Komplexe des Rhodiums und Iridiums},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-46838},
  year      = {1985},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Chemie},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Ramler2023,
  author    = {Ramler, Jacqueline},
  title     = {Versatile Use of Neutral and Cationic Diorgano Bismuth Compounds: Ligation of Transition Metals, Lewis Acidity, Low Valent Species and Catalysis},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-24054},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-240547},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden Diorganobismut-Spezies hinsichtlich ihrer Eigenschaften als Liganden in {\"U}bergangsmetallkomplexen, ihrer Lewis-Azidit{\"a}t, ihrer Eignung als Katalysatoren und die Generierung niedervalenter Spezies untersucht.},
  subject      = {Bismut},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PlakhutinZhidomirovArbuznikov1992,
  author    = {Plakhutin, B. N. and Zhidomirov, G. M. and Arbuznikov, Alexei V.},
  title     = {Vector coupling coefficients for calculations of transition-metal atoms and ions by the SCF coupling operator method},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-30702},
  year      = {1992},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RiesAlbrightSilvestreetal.1986,
  author    = {Ries, Wolfgang and Albright, Thomas and Silvestre, Jerome and Bernal, Ivan and Malisch, Wolfgang and Burschka, Christian},
  title     = {Unusual structural features of a siloxane},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-31925},
  year      = {1986},
  abstract  = {Crystals of the R, S diastereoisomer of [Cp(CO)\(_2\)-FeSiCH\(_3\)F]\(_2\)O are monoclinic, space group ndc (No. 14), with a = 846.0(3) [836.4(1»), b = 768.0(3) [757.1(1»), c = 1548.5(4) [1522.3(2)] pm, {3 = 97.34(3t [97.47(3t] at 300 K [120 K] with Z = 2. Even at 120 K the Si-O-Si fragment is found to be strictly linear due to crystallographically imposed symmetry. To explain the unusual electron distribution derived from the X-ray data collected, several types of possible disorders are discussed, none of which leads to a satisfying explanation. Retaining the Ci symmetry (linear Si-O-Si fragment in the final model) the important bond lengths are Fe-Si 226.7(1) [226.5(1)] pm, Si-F 160.9(2) [161.8(2)] pm, Si-O 160.3(1) [161.1(1)] pm, Si-C 185.0(3) [185.6(3)] pm. The electronic features of this compound were probed via molecular orbital calculations of the extended Hiickel type. It was found that the lone pairs on the siloxane oxygen were tipped away from cylindrical symmetry. The tipping was directed toward the fluorine substituents on the silicon atoms and away from the CpFe(CO)\(_2\) units. A pertubational approach was utilized to rationalize this effect.},
  subject      = {Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Wennemann2016,
  author    = {Wennemann, Benedikt},
  title     = {Untersuchungen zur Synthese und Reaktivit{\"a}t von {\"U}bergangsmetallborylenkomplexen der Gruppe 8},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-130755},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde in drei Teilbereiche untergliedert. Der erste Teil besch{\"a}ftigte sich mit der Untersuchung des anionischen Systems K[(OC)3M(PMe3)(SiR3)] (M = Fe, Ru, Os; R = Me, Et, Ph) und dessen Reaktivit{\"a}t gegen{\"u}ber Dihalogenboranen. Der zweite Teil widmete sich der Untersuchung der Reaktiv{\"a}t des Eisenbis(borylen)komplexes 45 gegen{\"u}ber verschiedenen Lewis-Basen und Lewis-S{\"a}uren. Im letzten Teil der Arbeit wurde die Insertion von Metallfragmenten der {\"U}bergangsmetalle der Gruppe 8 in die M=B-Doppelbindung des Borylenkomplexes 28 untersucht. Durch Umsetzungen der anionischen Osmiumverbindung 64 mit Cl2BDur und Br2BDur konnten die Borylkomplexe 67 und 68 erhalten werden (SCHEMA 56). Die Untersuchungen zum sterischen Einfluss des Silylsubstituenten zeigten, dass die Osmiumkomplexe 65 und 66 mit SiEt3- bzw. SiPh3-Substituenten in die entsprechenden Borylkomplexe {\"u}berf{\"u}hrt werden k{\"o}nnen, wobei diese Spezies nicht analysenrein isoliert werden konnten. Der Borylkomplex 68 konnte nachfolgend weder unter thermischen Bedingungen, noch unter Verwendung der Lewis-Base Pyridin bzw. des Halogenabstraktionsmittels Na[BArCl4] in einen terminalen Osmiumborylenkomplex umgewandelt werden (Schema 57). Anf{\"a}ngliche Studien zur Reaktivit{\"a}t der anionischen Rutheniumverbindungen 81-83 gegen{\"u}ber Dihalogenboranen haben sich auf den sterischen Einfluss der borgebundenen Arylsubstituenten konzentriert. Hierdurch konnte gezeigt werden, dass eine Ph-Substitution keine ausreichende Stabilisierung der entstehenden Borylkomplexe liefert. Im Gegensatz dazu erwies sich der sterische Anspruch von Duryl- und Mesitylsubsituenten als ideal f{\"u}r die Bildung stabiler Borylkomplexe, wohingegen die sterische {\"U}berfrachtung der Supermesityl- und Terphenylsubstituenten eine Salzeliminierungsreaktion von vornherein verhindert. Der Einfluss des Halogensubstituenten in X2BDur (X = Cl, Br) wurde anhand der Reaktivit{\"a}t gegen{\"u}ber 81 n{\"a}her untersucht. In beiden F{\"a}llen konnten die entsprechenden Borylkomplexe 84 und 85 isoliert und charakterisiert werden. Da bei der Umsetzung mit Br2BDur auch noch weitere Produkte zu erkennen waren, wurde der sterische Einfluss des Silylsubstituenten in 82 und 83 auf die Produktverteilung bei Reaktion mit Br2BDur untersucht. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass die Wahl der Reaktionsbedingungen einen starken Einfluss auf den Reaktionsverlauf aus{\"u}bt. So konnte durch regelm{\"a}ßiges Entgasen der Reaktionsl{\"o}sung der Rutheniumborylenkomplex 86 erhalten werden, w{\"a}hrend eine thermische Reaktionsf{\"u}hrung unter CO-Atmosph{\"a}re selektiv zu einer Silylboraneliminierung f{\"u}hrte, dessen Produkt indirekt {\"u}ber die Bildung von [(OC)4Ru(PMe3)] (75) nachgewiesen werden konnte (Schema 59). W{\"a}hrend die Umsetzung der analogen Eisenspezies K[(OC)3Fe(PMe3)(SiEt3)] (92) mit Cl2BDur lediglich zu Zersetzung f{\"u}hrte, konnte im Verlauf der Reaktion mit Br2BDur eine neue, sehr interessante Reaktivit{\"a}t beobachtet werden. Hier war die Salzeliminierungsreaktion mit einer Alkylboraneliminierung verbunden, wobei der intermedi{\"a}r entstehende Silylenkomplex (95) in situ zum dinuklearen, zweifach-verbr{\"u}ckten Bis(silylen)komplex 94 dimerisierte (SCHEMA 60). Unter photolytischen Bedingungen konnte 94 weiter in den dreifach-verbr{\"u}ckten Bis(silylen)komplex 96 {\"u}berf{\"u}hrt werden, welcher den ersten strukturell charaktersierten Komplex dieser Art darstellt. In SCHEMA 61 sind alle relevanten Reaktivit{\"a}ten des Systems K[(OC)3M(PMe3)(SiR3)] gegen{\"u}ber X2BDur (X = Cl, Br) zusammen mit den Ergebnissen vorangegangener Arbeiten in einer {\"U}bersicht dargestellt. Der zweite Teil dieser Arbeit besch{\"a}ftigte sich mit der Reaktivit{\"a}t des Eisenbis(borylen)komplexes [(OC)3Fe(=BDur){=BN(SiMe3)2}] (45). Zun{\"a}chst wurde 45 mit verschiedenen Lewis-Basen umgesetzt. W{\"a}hrend die Umsetzungen mit verschiedenen NHCs (IMe, IMes, IDipp) nur zu Zersetzung f{\"u}hrte, konnte durch die Reaktion mit cAACMe der außergew{\"o}hnliche Komplex 98 isoliert und vollst{\"a}ndig charakterisiert werden (SCHEMA 62). Dieser stellt das erste Beispiel f{\"u}r eine intramolekulare Spaltung eines Carbonylliganden in einem einkernigen Komplex dar. Anschließend wurde die Reaktivit{\"a}t von 45 gegen{\"u}ber den Lewis-S{\"a}uren BBr3, AlBr3 und GaBr3 untersucht. W{\"a}hrend die Umsetzung von 45 mit AlBr3 lediglich zu Zersetzung f{\"u}hrte, konnte mit GaBr3 als Hauptprodukt Br2BDur nachgewiesen werden. In einem m{\"o}glichen Reaktionsmechanismus ist die Reaktion mit einer 1,2-Addition des GaBr3 unter Bildung eines Gallylkomplexes verbunden, welcher nach Abspaltung von Br2BDur in einen instabilen Gallylenkomplex {\"u}bergeht (SCHEMA 63). Die Umsetzung von 45 mit BBr3 lieferte bei tiefen Temperaturen den zweikernigen Tris(borylen)komplex 100 (SCHEMA 64), welcher ein Analogon des wohlbekannten Fe2(CO)9 darstellt. Das abschließende Kapitel dieser Arbeit befasste sich mit der Insertion von Metallfragmenten der Gruppe 8-{\"U}bergangsmetalle in die M=B-Doppelbindung von [(OC)5Mo=BN(SiMe3)2] (28). W{\"a}hrend bei den Umsetzungen von 28 mit [(OC)4Fe(PMe3)] (90) und [(OC)4Ru(PMe3)] (75) die MOLPs 104 und 105 nur NMR-spektroskopisch nachgewiesen werden konnten, war die Isolierung des MOLPs 103 sowie dessen strukturelle Charakterisierung m{\"o}glich (SCHEMA 65). Bemerkenswert ist hierbei, dass die Reaktion sowohl unter thermischen als auch unter photolytischen Bedingungen durchgef{\"u}hrt werden kann.},
  subject      = {Borylgruppe},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Wuertemberger2012,
  author    = {W{\"u}rtemberger, Max},
  title     = {Untersuchungen zur Synthese und Reaktivit{\"a}t NHC-substituierter Ruthenium- und Eisen-Komplexe},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-72032},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Diese Arbeit besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit Untersuchungen zur Synthese und Reaktivit{\"a}t von Ruthenium(II)- und Eisen(II)-Komplexen welche durch Alkyl-subsituierte N-Heterozyklische-Carben Liganden stabilisiert werden. Ein besonderes Augenmerk liegt hierbei auf dem synthetischen Zugang von Rutheniumverbindungen jenseits der Metathese-Katalysatoren.},
  subject      = {Rutheniumkomplexe},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Ertler2013,
  author    = {Ertler, Daniel},
  title     = {Untersuchungen zur Synthese und Reaktivit{\"a}t NHC-stabilisierter Kobaltkomplexe},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-78409},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Die Arbeit befasst sich mit der Synthese verschiedener NHC-substituierter Kobaltkomplexe, sowie mit deren Anwendung in verschiedenen Bindungs-Aktivierungsreaktionen und in katalytischen Umsetzungen.},
  subject      = {Kobaltkomplex},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Bauer2011,
  author    = {Bauer, Florian},
  title     = {Untersuchungen zur Diborierung unges{\"a}ttigter Systeme mit [2]Borametalloarenophanen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-57209},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde die {\"U}bergangsmetall-katalysierte Diborierung verschiedener unges{\"a}ttigter Substrate untersucht. Die Diborierung von Dialkinen erm{\"o}glichte die Synthese einer Reihe neuer Verbindungen, welche sich in drei Gruppen einteilen lassen: i) Einkernige [4]Diboradicarbaferrocenophane, die zus{\"a}tzlich entweder direkt oder {\"u}ber einen Spacer eine CC Dreifachbindung tragen; ii) zweikernige Komplexe, bei denen das [4]Ferrocenophanfragment {\"u}ber die zweite CC Dreifachbindung an ein niedervalentes Platinfragment koordiniert ist und iii) zweikernige Bis [4]diboradicarbaferrocenophane durch die Diborierung beider Dreifachbindungen des Dialkins. Von den vier Vertreter von Gruppe i) ist bei zweien die zweite CC Dreifachbindung direkt an die Bis(boryl)alkeneinheit gebunden, w{\"a}hrend bei den anderen eine Spacergruppe vorhanden ist. Die Darstellung der Komplexe kann entweder durch katalytische Diborierung der Dialkine durch [Fe{C5H4B(NMe2)}2] oder durch direkte Umsetzung mit [Fe{C5H4B(NMe2)}2Pt(PEt3)2] erfolgen. Hingegen f{\"u}hrt die Umsetzung von [Fe{C5H4B(NMe2)}2Pt(PEt3)2] mit {\"a}quimolaren Mengen Dialkin zur Bildung der zweiten Verbindungen von Gruppe ii). Hier ist die zweite CC Dreifachbindung an ein [Pt(PEt3)2] Fragment koordiniert, wodurch ein Platinalkinkomplex entsteht. Unter den Produkten der Gruppe iii) sind zuerst die Komplexe zu nennen, die zwei Ferrocenophangruppen tragen. Die so synthetisierten Produkte weisen jeweils zwei chirale Ebenen auf und wurden deshalb als Diastereomerenpaare erhalten. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass die einzelnen Diastereomere durch Erhitzen in L{\"o}sung ineinander umgewandelt werden k{\"o}nnen. Mittels DFT-Rechnungen konnte zudem ein plausibler Mechanismus aufgedeckt werden. Neben den Bis [4]ferrocenophanen wurde ein Komplex dargestellt, in dem ein [4]Diboradicarbaferrocenophanfragment {\"u}ber eine Spacerfunktion an einen entsprechenden von Bis(benzol)chrom abgeleiteten Metalloarenophanrest gebunden ist. Weiterhin wurden durch Umsetzung von [Pt(PEt3)3] mit den entsprechenden Dialkinen in unterschiedlicher St{\"o}chiometrie jeweils drei einkernige bzw. zweikernige Platinalkinkomplexe sowie ein Platinalkenkomplex synthetisiert. Die IR-spektroskopischen Untersuchungen legen die Formulierung als Platinacyclopropene bzw. Platinacyclopropane nahe. Durch die Diborierung von Isocyaniden konnte unter bemerkenswert milden Reaktionsbedingungen eine Reihe von chiralen, einkernigen Bis(boryl)iminokomplexen dargestellt werden. Die Synthese verl{\"a}uft entweder durch direkte Umsetzung der Diborane(4) mit den entsprechenden Isocyaniden oder, mit verl{\"a}ngerten Reaktionszeiten auch durch Diborierung der Isocyanide mittels der entsprechenden [3]Metalloarenophane. Durch Umsetzung von [2]Borametalloarenophanen mit Diisocyaniden konnten zudem verschiedene zwei- bzw. dreikernige Bis(boryl)iminokomplexe zug{\"a}nglich gemacht werden. Die hierzu ausgew{\"a}hlten Diisocyanide tragen wiederum eine Spacereinheit zwischen den beiden NC Funktionalit{\"a}ten. Genau wie bei den Reaktionen von Dialkinen treten auch hier die Produkte als Paare von Diastereomeren auf. Ein weiteres Projekt besch{\"a}ftigte sich mit der oxidativen Addition von [Fe{C5H4B(NMe2)}2] an verschiedene {\"U}bergangsmetallkomplexe. Die Umsetzungen f{\"u}hrten allerdings in keinem Fall zur Bildung der gew{\"u}nschten Bis(boryl)metallkomplexe. Bei verschiedenen Platinkomplexen kann jedoch die Bildung eines einheitlichen Produkts beobachtet werden. Es wird deshalb in {\"U}bereinstimmung mit den spektroskopischen Daten vermutet, dass es sich dabei um ein [2.2]Diboraferrocenophan handelt. Eine saubere Isolierung des Produkts gelingt jedoch nicht, weshalb der strukturelle Nachweis bislang nicht gef{\"u}hrt werden kann. Abschließend konnte dabei gezeigt werden, dass mehrt{\"a}giges Erhitzen von [Fe{C5H4B(NMe2)}2Pt(PEt3)2] in L{\"o}sung hochselektiv zur Bildung des mutmaßlichen [2.2]Diboraferrocenophans f{\"u}hrt. Weiterhin ist auch die Umsetzung von [Fe{C5H4B(NMe2)}2] mit katalytischen Mengen [Pt{P(CH2Cy)3}2] erfolgreich, f{\"u}hrte jedoch nicht zu einer Isolierung des Produkts in Substanz.},
  subject      = {Ferrocen},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Konieczka2017,
  author    = {Konieczka, Szymon Zbigniew},
  title     = {Untersuchungen zu neuen polyhalogenierten Aminocarba-\(closo\)-dodecaboraten},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-122548},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Die Arbeit umfasst zum einen Untersuchungen zu hochhalogenierten 1-Aminocarba-closo-dodecaboraten, zum anderen Untersuchungen zu hochfluorierten Aminocarba-closo-dodecaboraten mit einer an ein Boratom gebundenen Amino-Funktion. Außerdem wurden im diesem Zuge closo-Undecaborat-Cluster untersucht, da diese als interessante Ausgangsverbindungen f{\"u}r funktionalisierte {CB11}-Derivate eingesetzt werden k{\"o}nnen.},
  subject      = {carborane},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Hupp2020,
  author    = {Hupp, Benjamin},
  title     = {Untersuchung von Struktur-Eigenschafts-Beziehungen Kupfer(I)-basierter NIR-Emitter und MRP-Materialien},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-18769},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-187694},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden lumineszente Kupfer(I)-verbindungen untersucht, um durch die Herstellung von Struktur-Eigenschafts-Beziehungen einen Beitrag zur Erforschung niederenergetischer Emitter und mechanoresponsiver Phosphoreszenzmaterialien zu leisten. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus wurden Vorarbeiten zur Ergr{\"u}ndung kooperativer Effekte in dinuklearen Kupfer(I)-komplexen durchgef{\"u}hrt. Im Bereich niederenergetischer Emitter wurden tetraedrische Kupferverbindungen mit Chromophorliganden auf Basis des Grundmotivs 2-(Pyridin-2-yl)-imdazol untersucht. Komplexe mit diesem Liganden emittieren meistens Gr{\"u}n bis Orange, daher wurde ein Stickstoffatom im R{\"u}ckgrat des Liganden durch Schwefel substituiert, um eine bathochrome Verschiebung zu bewirken. Zur Untersuchung des Einflusses der Donorst{\"a}rke, Sterik und Komplexgeometrie auf das Emissionsverhalten wurden diverse Phosphane und ein NHC als Donorliganden verwendet. Die Emissionsmaxima der untersuchten Verbindungen liegen erwartungsgem{\"a}ß im Orangen bis Tiefroten und es konnten f{\"u}r diesen Emissionsbereich gute Quantenausbeuten von bis zu 11 \% erreicht werden. Die Anf{\"a}lligkeit tetraedrischer Kupfer(I)-komplexe f{\"u}r Verzerrungen im angeregten Zustand und die damit einhergehende Erh{\"o}hung strahlungsloser Prozesse ließ sich durch den Einsatz sterisch anspruchsvoller Liganden unterdr{\"u}cken. Um das Potenzial f{\"u}r die Verwendung in optoelektronischen Bauteilen zu ergr{\"u}nden, wurden umfangreiche Stabilit{\"a}tstests durchgef{\"u}hrt, die die enorme thermische Belastbarkeit im Festk{\"o}rper sowie langfristige Stabilit{\"a}t in verd{\"u}nnter L{\"o}sung einiger Verbindungen best{\"a}tigten. Ferner wurden in Kooperation mit der Gruppe um Prof. Holger Braunschweig photophysikalische Studien an zwei dinuklearen und einem trinuklearen Kupfer(I)-diborinkomplex durchgef{\"u}hrt, die im Rahmen der Promotionen von Dr. Jan Mies und Dr. Theresa Dellermann synthetisiert wurden. Die Verbindungen weisen in Festk{\"o}rper und L{\"o}sung tiefrote Phosphoreszenz auf. Die Effizienz des trinuklearen Komplexes (φ = 0.58 im Festk{\"o}rper) ist deutlich h{\"o}her als die der beiden dinuklearen Verbindungen (φ < 0.03). Die Kupfer-Diborin-Bindung besitzt einen signifikanten kovalenten Anteil. Die {\"U}bergangsmetallatome haben somit einen starken Einfluss auf die strahlenden {\"U}berg{\"a}nge, was zum Auftreten von Phosphoreszenz f{\"u}hrt. F{\"u}r effiziente Emission ist eine lineare Anordnung zweier Kupferfragmente um das Diborin notwendig, was im Fall des trinuklearen Komplexes stets gew{\"a}hrleistet ist, f{\"u}r die dinuklearen Komplexe jedoch nur in L{\"o}sung zu beobachten ist. Durch die Studien wurde einerseits das komplexe Emissionsverhalten dieser Komplexe aufgekl{\"a}rt und andererseits die Relevanz dieser neuen Verbindungsklasse f{\"u}r niederenergetische Emittermaterialien gezeigt. Zus{\"a}tzlich wurden Vorarbeiten zur Untersuchung kooperativer Effekte in dinuklearen Kupfer(I)-verbindungen unter Ausschluss schwer zu erhaltender cuprophiler Wechselwirkungen durchgef{\"u}hrt. Es sollten mono- und dinukleare Kupfer(I)-komplexe mit Bisbenzimidazol und Benzimidazolpyrimidin als verbr{\"u}ckenden Chromophorliganden synthetisiert und photophysikalisch untersucht werden, um eine eventuelle Erh{\"o}hung der Effizienz der dinuklearen Komplexe gegen{\"u}ber ihren mononuklearen Analoga zu quantifizieren. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit gelang es, einen zuverl{\"a}ssigen Syntheseweg f{\"u}r die im R{\"u}ckgrat alkylierten verbr{\"u}ckenden Liganden zu etablieren. Ferner wurden erste Versuche zur Herstellung kationischer und neutraler mononuklearer Komplexe durchgef{\"u}hrt. Außerdem wurde die mechanochrome Lumineszenz eines aus Vorarbeiten bekannten dinuklearen Kupferkomplexes untersucht und Struktur-Eigenschafts-Beziehungen hergestellt. Hierzu wurden Komplexsalze mit den Anionen PF6- und BF4- hergestellt und mittels zahlreicher Spektroskopiemethoden analysiert, um umfangreiche Informationen zu den Eigenschaften im Grund- und angeregten Zustand zu sammeln. Durch Schwingungsspektroskopie wurde nachgewiesen, dass die Phasen{\"a}nderung zu keiner ver{\"a}nderten Konstitution der Verbindung im Grundzustand f{\"u}hrt. Durch 1H-19F-HOESY- sowie 19F-Festk{\"o}rper-NMR-Experimente wurde festgestellt, dass sowohl in L{\"o}sung wie auch im Festk{\"o}rper Kation und Anion gepaart vorliegen und miteinander wechselwirken. Da die BF4- und PF6-Komplexe in L{\"o}sung ein sehr {\"a}hnliches Emissionsverhalten zum amorphen Feststoff aufweisen, wurde davon ausgegangen, dass die f{\"u}r die Emission verantwortlichen Strukturen in beiden Medien vergleichbar sind. Zus{\"a}tzlich gelang es, mittels ESR-Spektroskopie nachzuweisen, dass im Grundzustand keine ausreichende Ann{\"a}herung der beiden Kupferatome stattfindet, um dipolare Wechselwirkungen zu erzeugen. Mithilfe quantenchemischer Rechnungen wurde die mechanochrome Lumineszenz nicht auf das Auftreten von Cuprophilie zur{\"u}ckgef{\"u}hrt, sondern auf die Ausbildung einer Cu-F-Bindung im angeregten Zustand, was ein v{\"o}llig neuer Mechanismus f{\"u}r mechanochrome Lumineszenz bei Kupfer(I)-komplexen ist. In weiterf{\"u}hrenden photophysikalischen Studien wurde zudem gezeigt, dass die Emission auch Empfindlichkeit gegen{\"u}ber Temperatur sowie L{\"o}sungsmitteld{\"a}mpfen aufweist und es sich somit um eine multiresponsive Verbindungsklasse handelt.},
  subject      = {Kupferkomplexe},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Hermann2021,
  author    = {Hermann, Alexander},
  title     = {Untersuchung von B-B-Doppelbindungen als Bestandteil konjugierter p-Systeme},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-20459},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-204592},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Der erste Teil dieser Arbeit besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit der "Synthese und Reaktivit{\"a}t sterisch anspruchsvoller Iminoborane". Dabei war es m{\"o}glich, ausgehend von einem Terphenylamin geeignete Aminoborane zu synthetisieren, welche anschließend mit starken, nicht-nukleophilen Basen umgesetzt wurden. Mittels formaler HCl-Eliminierung mit LiTmp gelang auf diese Weise die Darstellung sterisch anspruchsvoller Iminoborane. Der zweite Teil dieser Arbeit befasst sich mit der "Untersuchung von B-B-Doppelbindungen als Bestandteil konjugierter p-Systeme". Durch die Verwendung von sterisch wenig anspruchsvollen Liganden oder Boryl-Substituenten war es m{\"o}glich planare Diboren-Systeme zu generieren und dar{\"u}berhinaus Divinyldiborene darzustellen.},
  subject      = {Konjugation},
  language  = {de}
}
@unpublished{StennettMattockVollertetal.2018,
  author    = {Stennett, Tom and Mattock, James and Vollert, Ivonne and Vargas, Alfredo and Braunschweig, Holger},
  title     = {Unsymmetrical, Cyclic Diborenes and Thermal Rearrangement to a Borylborylene},
  series = {Angewandte Chemie, International Edition},
  volume    = {57},
  journal   = {Angewandte Chemie, International Edition},
  doi       = {10.1002/anie.201800671},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-160258},
  pages     = {4098-4102},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Cyclic diboranes(4) based on a chelating monoanionic, benzylphosphine linker were prepared by boron-silicon exchange between arylsilanes and B\(_2\)Br\(_4\). Coordination of Lewis bases to the remaining sp\(^2\) boron atom yielded unsymmetrical sp\(^3\)-sp\(^3\) diboranes, which were reduced with KC\(_8\) to their corresponding trans-diborenes. These compounds were studied by a combination of spectroscopic methods, X-ray diffraction and DFT calculations. PMe\(_3\)-stabilized diborene 6 was found to undergo thermal rearrangement to gem- diborene 8. DFT calculations on 8 reveal a polar boron-boron bond, and indicate that the compound is best described as a borylborylene.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ArrowsmithBoehnkeBraunschweigetal.2016,
  author    = {Arrowsmith, Merle and B{\"o}hnke, Julian and Braunschweig, Holger and Celik, Mehmet and Dellermann, Theresa and Hammond, Kai},
  title     = {Uncatalyzed Hydrogenation of First-Row Main Group Multiple Bonds},
  series = {Chemistry, A European Journal},
  volume    = {22},
  journal   = {Chemistry, A European Journal},
  number    = {48},
  doi       = {10.1002/chem.201604094},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-139364},
  pages     = {17169 -- 17172},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Room temperature hydrogenation of an SIDep-stabilized diboryne (SIDep = 1,3-bis(diethylphenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene) and a CAAC-supported diboracumulene (CAAC = 1-(2,6- diisopropylphenyl)-3,3,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidin-2-ylidene) provided the first selective route to the corresponding 1,2-dihydrodiborenes. DFT calculations showed an overall exothermic (ΔG = 19.4 kcal mol\(^{-1}\) two-step asynchronous H\(_2\) addition mechanism proceeding via a bridging hydride.},
  subject      = {Diborane},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MuehleisenTacke1994,
  author    = {M{\"u}hleisen, M. and Tacke, Reinhold},
  title     = {Twofold deprotonated citric acid as a bidentate ligand of pentacoordinate silicon: synthesis and structural characterization of the zwitterionic \(\lambda_5\)Si-spirosilicate bis[citrato(2-)-O\(^3\),O\(^4\)][(dimethylammonio)methyl]silicate hydrate},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-64388},
  year      = {1994},
  abstract  = {The zwitterionic \(\lambda_5\) Si-spirosilicate bis[ citrato(2-)-0\(^3\) ,0\(^4\) )[ ( dimethylammonio) methyl]silicate (4) was synthesized by reaction of (MeO)\(_3\)SiCH\(_2\)NMe\(_2\) (3) with citric acid (molar ratio 1 :2) in acetonitrile at room temperature and isolated, after crystallization from water, as the hydrate 4 · H\(_2\)O (yield 81 \%). The crystal structure of 4 · H\(_2\)O was studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The alcoxide oxygen atoms and central carboxylate oxygen atoms of two citrato(2-) ligands and one carbon atom coordinate to the silicon atom of 4 · H\(_2\)O. The coordination polyhedron around the pentacoordinate silicon atom (SiO\(_4\)C framework) can be described as a distorted trigonal bipyramid, the two carboxylate oxygen atoms occupying the axial sites. The \(\lambda_5\) Si~silicon(IV) complex 4 also exists in solution (DMSO, H\(_2\)O).},
  subject      = {Anorganische Chemie},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{RamlerSchwarzmannStoyetal.2022,
  author    = {Ramler, Jacqueline and Schwarzmann, Johannes and Stoy, Andreas and Lichtenberg, Crispin},
  title     = {Two Faces of the Bi-O Bond: Photochemically and Thermally Induced Dehydrocoupling for Si-O Bond Formation},
  series = {European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry},
  volume    = {2022},
  journal   = {European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry},
  number    = {7},
  doi       = {10.1002/ejic.202100934},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-257428},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {The diorgano(bismuth)alcoholate [Bi((C\(_{6}\)H\(_{4}\)CH\(_{2}\))\(_{2}\)S)OPh] (1-OPh) has been synthesized and fully characterized. Stoichiometric reactions, UV/Vis spectroscopy, and (TD-)DFT calculations suggest its susceptibility to homolytic and heterolytic Bi-O bond cleavage under given reaction conditions. Using the dehydrocoupling of silanes with either TEMPO or phenol as model reactions, the catalytic competency of 1-OPh has been investigated (TEMPO=(tetramethyl-piperidin-1-yl)-oxyl). Different reaction pathways can deliberately be addressed by applying photochemical or thermal reaction conditions and by choosing radical or closed-shell substrates (TEMPO vs. phenol). Applied analytical techniques include NMR, UV/Vis, and EPR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, and (TD)-DFT calculations.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchmidtFantuzziKlopfetal.2021,
  author    = {Schmidt, Paul and Fantuzzi, Felipe and Klopf, Jonas and Schr{\"o}der, Niklas B. and Dewhurst, Rian D. and Braunschweig, Holger and Engel, Volker and Engels, Bernd},
  title     = {Twisting versus delocalization in CAAC- and NHC-stabilized boron-based biradicals: the roles of sterics and electronics},
  series = {Chemistry - A European Journal},
  volume    = {27},
  journal   = {Chemistry - A European Journal},
  number    = {16},
  doi       = {10.1002/chem.202004619},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-256636},
  pages     = {5160-5170},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Twisted boron-based biradicals featuring unsaturated C\(_2\)R\(_2\) (R=Et, Me) bridges and stabilization by cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbenes (CAACs) were recently prepared. These species show remarkable geometrical and electronic differences with respect to their unbridged counterparts. Herein, a thorough computational investigation on the origin of their distinct electrostructural properties is performed. It is shown that steric effects are mostly responsible for the preference for twisted over planar structures. The ground-state multiplicity of the twisted structure is modulated by the σ framework of the bridge, and different R groups lead to distinct multiplicities. In line with the experimental data, a planar structure driven by delocalization effects is observed as global minimum for R=H. The synthetic elusiveness of C\(_2\)R\(_2\)-bridged systems featuring N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) was also investigated. These results could contribute to the engineering of novel main group biradicals.},
  language  = {en}
}
@unpublished{SchmidtFantuzziArrowsmithetal.2020,
  author    = {Schmidt, Uwe and Fantuzzi, Felipe and Arrowsmith, Merle and Hermann, Alexander and Prieschl, Dominic and Rempel, Anna and Engels, Bernd and Braunschweig, Holger},
  title     = {Tuneable reduction of cymantrenylboranes to diborenes or borylene-derived boratafulvenes},
  series = {Chemical Communications},
  journal   = {Chemical Communications},
  doi       = {10.1039/D0CC06398C},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-222149},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Whereas the reduction of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-stabilised cymantrenyldibromoboranes, (NHC)BBr\(_2\)Cym, in benzene results in formation of the corresponding diborenes (NHC)\(_2\)B\(_2\)Cym\(_2\), a change of solvent to THF yields a borylene of the form (NHC)\(_2\)BCym, stabilised through its boratafulvene resonance form.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BrammerBlankeKellneretal.2022,
  author    = {Brammer, Jan C. and Blanke, Gerd and Kellner, Claudia and Hoffmann, Alexander and Herres-Pawlis, Sonja and Schatzschneider, Ulrich},
  title     = {TUCAN: A molecular identifier and descriptor applicable to the whole periodic table from hydrogen to oganesson},
  series = {Journal of Cheminformatics},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {Journal of Cheminformatics},
  number    = {1},
  issn      = {1758-2946},
  doi       = {10.1186/s13321-022-00640-5},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-299730},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {TUCAN is a canonical serialization format that is independent of domain-specific concepts of structure and bonding. The atomic number is the only chemical feature that is used to derive the TUCAN format. Other than that, the format is solely based on the molecular topology. Validation is reported on a manually curated test set of molecules as well as a library of non-chemical graphs. The serialization procedure generates a canonical "tuple-style" output which is bidirectional, allowing the TUCAN string to serve as both identifier and descriptor. Use of the Python NetworkX graph library facilitated a compact and easily extensible implementation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FoehrenbacherKrahfussZapfetal.2021,
  author    = {F{\"o}hrenbacher, Steffen A. and Krahfuss, Mirjam J. and Zapf, Ludwig and Friedrich, Alexandra and Ignat'ev, Nikolai V. and Finze, Maik and Radius, Udo},
  title     = {Tris(pentafluoroethyl)difluorophosphorane: a versatile fluoride acceptor for transition metal chemistry},
  series = {Chemistry Europe},
  volume    = {27},
  journal   = {Chemistry Europe},
  number    = {10},
  doi       = {10.1002/chem.202004885},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-256665},
  pages     = {3504-3516},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Fluoride abstraction from different types of transition metal fluoride complexes [L\(_n\)MF] (M=Ti, Ni, Cu) by the Lewis acid tris(pentafluoroethyl)difluorophosphorane (C\(_2\)F\(_5\))\(_3\)PF\(_2\) to yield cationic transition metal complexes with the tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate counterion (FAP anion, [(C\(_2\)F\(_5\))\(_3\)PF\(_3\)]\(^-\)) is reported. (C\(_2\)F\(_5\))\(_3\)PF\(_2\) reacted with trans-[Ni(iPr\(_2\)Im)\(_2\)(Ar\(^F\))F] (iPr2Im=1,3-diisopropylimidazolin-2-ylidene; Ar\(^F\)=C\(_6\)F\(_5\), 1 a; 4-CF\(_3\)-C\(_6\)F\(_4\), 1 b; 4-C\(_6\)F\(_5\)-C\(_6\)F\(_4\), 1 c) through fluoride transfer to form the complex salts trans-[Ni(iPr\(_2\)Im)\(_2\)(solv)(Ar\(^F\))]FAP (2 a-c[solv]; solv=Et\(_2\)O, CH\(_2\)Cl\(_2\), THF) depending on the reaction medium. In the presence of stronger Lewis bases such as carbenes or PPh\(_3\), solvent coordination was suppressed and the complexes trans-[Ni(iPr\(_2\)Im)\(_2\)(PPh\(_3\))(C\(_6\)F\(_5\))]FAP (trans-2 a[PPh\(_3\)]) and cis-[Ni(iPr\(_2\)Im)\(_2\)(Dipp\(_2\)Im)(C\(_6\)F\(_5\))]FAP (cis-2 a[Dipp\(_2\)Im]) (Dipp\(_2\)Im=1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazolin-2-ylidene) were isolated. Fluoride abstraction from [(Dipp\(_2\)Im)CuF] (3) in CH\(_2\)Cl\(_2\) or 1,2-difluorobenzene led to the isolation of [{(Dipp\(_2\)Im)Cu}\(_2\)]\(^2\)\(^+\)2 FAP\(^-\) (4). Subsequent reaction of 4 with PPh\(_3\) and different carbenes resulted in the complexes [(Dipp\(_2\)Im)Cu(LB)]FAP (5 a-e, LB=Lewis base). In the presence of C6Me6, fluoride transfer afforded [(Dipp\(_2\)Im)Cu(C\(_6\)Me\(_6\))]FAP (5 f), which serves as a source of [(Dipp\(_2\)Im)Cu)]\(^+\). Fluoride abstraction of [Cp\(_2\)TiF\(_2\)] (7) resulted in the formation of dinuclear [FCp\(_2\)Ti(μ-F)TiCp\(_2\)F]FAP (8) (Cp=η\(^5\)-C\(_5\)H\(_5\)) with one terminal fluoride ligand at each titanium atom and an additional bridging fluoride ligand.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FoehrenbacherZehKrahfussetal.2021,
  author    = {F{\"o}hrenbacher, Steffen A. and Zeh, Vivien and Krahfuss, Mirjam J. and Ignat'ev, Nikolai V. and Finze, Maik and Radius, Udo},
  title     = {Tris(pentafluoroethyl)difluorophosphorane and N-Heterocyclic Carbenes: Adduct Formation and Frustrated Lewis Pair Reactivity},
  series = {European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry},
  volume    = {2021},
  journal   = {European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry},
  number    = {20},
  doi       = {10.1002/ejic.202100183},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-257386},
  pages     = {1941-1960},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The synthesis and characterization of Lewis acid/base adducts between tris(pentafluoroethyl)difluorophosphorane PF\(_{2}\)(C\(_{2}\)F\(_{5}\))\(_{3}\) and selected N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) R\(_{2}\)Im (1,3-di-organyl-imidazolin-2-ylidene) and phosphines are reported. For NHCs with small alkyl substituents at nitrogen (R=Me, nPr, iPr) the adducts NHC ⋅ PF\(_{2}\)(C\(_{2}\)F\(_{5}\))\(_{3}\) (2 a-h) were isolated. The reaction with the sterically more demanding NHCs Dipp\(_{2}\)Im (1,3-bis-(2,6-di-iso-propylphenyl)-imidazolin-2-ylidene) (1 i) and tBu\(_{2}\)Im (1,3-di-tert-butyl-imidazolin-2-ylidene) (1 j) afforded the aNHC adducts 3 i and 3 j (a denotes "abnormal" NHC coordination via a backbone carbon atom). The use of tBuMeIm (1-tert-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolin-2-ylidene) (1 m) led to partial decomposition of the NHC and formation of the salt [tBuMeIm-H][MeIm ⋅ PF\(_{2}\)(C\(_{2}\)F\(_{5}\))\(_{3}\)] (4 m). The phosphorane PF\(_{2}\)(C\(_{2}\)F\(_{5}\))\(_{3}\) forms adducts with PMe\(_{3}\) but does not react with PPh\(_{3}\) or PCy\(_{3}\). The mer-cis isomer of literature-known Me\(_{3}\)P ⋅ PF\(_{2}\)(C\(_{2}\)F\(_{5}\))\(_{3}\) (5 a) was structurally characterized. Mixtures of the phosphorane PF\(_{2}\)(C\(_{2}\)F\(_{5}\))\(_{3}\) and the sterically encumbered NHCs tBu\(_{2}\)Im, Dipp\(_{2}\)Im, and Dipp\(_{2}\)Im\(^{H2}\) (1,3-bis-(2,6-di-iso-propylphenyl)-imidazolidin-2-ylidene) (1 k) showed properties of FLPs (Frustrated Lewis Pairs) as these mixtures were able to open the ring of THF (tetrahydrofuran) to yield NHC-(CH\(_{2}\))\(_{4}\)O-PF\(_{2}\)(C\(_{2}\)F\(_{5}\))\(_{3}\) 6 i-k. Furthermore, the deprotonation of the weak C-H acids CH\(_{3}\)CN, acetone, and ethyl acetate was achieved, which led to the formation of the corresponding imidazolium salts and the phosphates [PF\(_{2}\)(C\(_{2}\)F\(_{5}\))\(_{3}\)(CH\(_{2}\)CN)]\(^{-}\) (7), [PF\(_{2}\)(C\(_{2}\)F\(_{5}\))\(_{3}\)(OC(=CH\(_{2}\))CH\(_{3}\))]\(^{-}\) (8) and [PF\(_{2}\)(C\(_{2}\)F\(_{5}\))\(_{3}\)(CH\(_{2}\)CO\(_{2}\)Et)]\(^{-}\) (9).},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Foehrenbacher2023,
  author    = {F{\"o}hrenbacher, Steffen Albert},
  title     = {Tris(pentafluorethyl)difluorphosphoran als \(Lewis\)-saure Komponente von Frustrierten \(Lewis\)-Paaren und als Fluorid-Akzeptor in der {\"U}bergangsmetallchemie},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-25160},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-251602},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde die Reaktivit{\"a}t des Phosphorans (C2F5)3PF2 gegen{\"u}ber Lewis-Basen (N-heterozyklische Carbene und Phosphane) und gegen{\"u}ber verschiedenen {\"U}bergangsmetall-Fluoridokomplexen untersucht. Im ersten Teil werden die Lewis-S{\"a}ure/Base-Addukte zwischen (C2F5)3PF2 und verschiedenen N-heterozyklischen Carbenen (NHCs) beschrieben. Der Fokus des zweiten Teils der Arbeit liegt auf der Darstellung kationischer Komplexe ausgehend von neutralen d-Block-Metallfluoriden, welche durch Fluorid-Transfer auf das Lewis-acide (C2F5)3PF2 erfolgt. Hierbei wurden Komplexe verschiedener {\"U}bergangsmetalle (Ti, Ni, Cu) verwendet, wodurch der Fluorid-Transfer auf das Phosphoran quer {\"u}ber die 3d-Reihe untersucht wurde. Im letzten Kapitel dieser Arbeit wurden die Synthese und die Anwendung von Kationen des Typs [(NHC)Cu]+ eingehender untersucht. Dazu wurde zun{\"a}chst die Synthese der Ausgangsverbindungen [(NHC)Cu(F)] modifiziert. Anschließend wurden diese Fluorido-Komplexe auf deren Reaktivit{\"a}t gegen{\"u}ber (C2F5)3PF2 untersucht. Nachfolgend wurden die Reaktivit{\"a}t von [(Dipp2Im)Cu(C6Me6)]FAP in Ligandenaustauschreaktionen bzw. die Synthese von Komplexen [(Dipp2Im)Cu(LB)]FAP (LB = Lewis-Base) eingehender untersucht.},
  subject      = {Phosphorane},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Brandt2002,
  author    = {Brandt, Carsten D.},
  title     = {Tripyrrine - Koordinationschemie an einem Porphyrinfragment ; Kristallstrukturanalysen metallorganischer und koordinationschemischer Verbindungen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-5048},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2002},
  abstract  = {Gegenstand der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Darstellung und Untersuchung von einfachen Triyrrinen. Dabei wurde ein besonderer Schwerpunkt auf die Entwicklung der Koordinationschemie dieses Liganden gelegt. Der zweite Teil der Arbeit besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit der Durchf{\"u}hrung von R{\"o}ntgenstrukturanalysen metallorganischer und koordinationschemischer Verbindungen. Den Hintergrund f{\"u}r den ersten Teil bilden die j{\"u}ngsten Versuche anderer Forschergruppen, mit den innerhalb der Porphyrinchemie kaum beachteten offenkettigen Tetrapyrrolen vom Bilen-Typ Ph{\"a}nomene der molekularen Erkennung, der supramolekularen Chemie und der Bioanorganik koordinationschemisch zu bearbeiten. Die Thematik ist zudem von Interesse, da anders als bei tetrapyrrolischen Liganden kaum etwas {\"u}ber das koordinationschemische Verhalten tripyrrolischer Spezies bekannt ist. Gerade das Tripyrrin erscheint hier als interessanter Modellligand, denn durch Wegnahme einer Pyrroleinheit wird eine neue, freie Koordinationsstelle geschaffen, deren Einfluß die Chemie der Tripyrrinate bestimmen sollte. In Kapitel 1 wird die Synthese der Tripyrrine aus pyrrolischen Vorstufen durch eine Kondensationsreaktion in Trifluoressigs{\"a}ure beschrieben. Der Tripyrrin-Ligand erweist sich gegen{\"u}ber Nukleophilen als h{\"o}chst reaktiv, was wahrscheinlich der Grund daf{\"u}r ist, daß dieser Ligand bislang nur in einer Arbeit beschrieben wurde. Eine Isolierung gelingt zwar nicht, wohl aber eine spektroskopische in situ-Charakterisierung mit Hilfe von NMR- und MS-Methoden. Die direkte Umsetzung der erhaltenen Rohprodukte mit {\"u}bersch{\"u}ssigen Metall(II)acetaten (M = Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Pd, Cu, Zn) f{\"u}hrt in allen F{\"a}llen zu gr{\"u}n gef{\"a}rbten L{\"o}sungen, aus denen sich f{\"u}r M = Co, Pd, Cu und Zn Tripyrrinkomplexe mit zweiwertigem, tetrakoordinierten Metallion und Trifluoracetat als viertem Donor isolieren lassen. Strukturell werden drei unterschiedliche Geometrien beobachtet. Das bevorzugt planar koordinierende Ion Pd(II) liefert Beispiele f{\"u}r den helikalen und den pseudoplanaren Strukturtyp, da aus sterischen Gr{\"u}nden die Ausbildung einer spannungsfreien planaren Molek{\"u}ltopologie unm{\"o}glich ist. Auch Cu(II) koordiniert als Trifluoracetat in der pseudoplanaren Variante, w{\"a}hrend Zn(II) in der nicht gespannten pseudotetraedrischen Form gebunden wird. Die in den Palladium-Komplexen vorhandenen Spannungen bewirken schnelle Ligandenaustauschreaktionen mit Halogeniden und Pseudohalogeniden. Bei den Strukturen der so zug{\"a}nglichen TrpyPdX-Komplexe mit X = Cl, Br, I, N3, NCO, NCS, NO3, CN und StBu zeigt sich, daß mit zunehmender Gr{\"o}ße des anionischen Donors die pseudoplanare Geometrie gegen{\"u}ber der helikalen zunehmend beg{\"u}nstigt wird. F{\"u}r Kupfer(II)-Komplexe wird beim {\"U}bergang vom Trifluoracetat zum Chlorid ein Wechsel von der gespannten pseudoplanaren zur wenig gespannten pseudotetraedrischen Koordination beobachtet. Die sterisch gespeicherte Spannungsenergie der Tripyrrine l{\"a}ßt tetrakoordinierte Pd(II)-Komplexe wie eine gespannte Feder erscheinen und unterst{\"u}tzt den Austritt des anionischen Liganden unter Bildung eines koordinativ und elektronisch unges{\"a}ttigten 14 VE-Komplexes. Entscheidend f{\"u}r die Stabilisierung dieser Spezies ist die Verwendung des schwachkoordinierenden Tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluormethyl)-phenyl]borats [B(Arf)4] als Anion. Der unges{\"a}ttigte Komplex erweist sich als sehr reaktiv. So koordiniert er bereitwillig an eine Vielzahl von Donoren. Die Umsetzung des Trifluoracetato-Komplexes mit einem halben {\"A}quivalent NaB(Arf)4 f{\"u}hrt zu dinuklearen Komplexen, in denen zwei kationische Tripyrrinatopalladium-Fragmente durch ein Trifluoracetat verbunden sind. Mit Trialkylphosphanen bilden sich stabile Komplexe. Eine Besonderheit stellt dabei die Reaktion mit Trimethylphosphan dar. Bei Verwendung {\"u}bersch{\"u}ssiger Mengen PMe3 beobachtet man die Bildung pentakoordinierter Komplexe. Im Gegensatz dazu f{\"u}hren die Umsetzungen mit Triethyl- und Tri-iso-propylphosphan ausschließlich zur Bildung von Monophosphankomplexen. Die ungew{\"o}hnliche Reaktivit{\"a}t des Tripyrrinatopalladium-Kations zeigt sich insbesondere bei der Umsetzung mit Diazoalkanen. So konnten erstmals Carbenpalladium-Komplexe mit nicht-heteroatomstabilisierten Carbenliganden synthetisiert werden. Kapitel 5 beschreibt einen pr{\"a}parativen Einstieg in die Chemie kationischer Kobalt- und Zinkkomplexe von Tripyrrinen. Die Reaktivit{\"a}t und Stabilit{\"a}t des Tripyrrinatokobalt-Kations, die an die Verh{\"a}ltnisse des TrpyPd-Kations erinnern, erlauben dabei die Isolierung von kationischen Phosphan- und Isonitril-Komplexen. Das entsprechende kationische Zink-Chelat konnte isoliert und NMR-spektroskopisch charakterisiert werden.},
  subject      = {Oligopyrrole},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{FinzeReiss2012,
  author    = {Finze, Maik and Reiss, Guido J.},
  title     = {Trimethyl­sulfonium 1-amino-6-fluoro-2,3,4,5,7,8,9,10,11,12-decaiodo-1-carba-closo-dodeca­borate},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-75397},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {no abstract available},
  subject      = {Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BraunschweigEwingGhoshetal.2016,
  author    = {Braunschweig, Holger and Ewing, William C. and Ghosh, Sundargopal and Kramer, Thomas and Mattock, James D. and {\"O}streicher, Sebastian and Vargas, Alfredo and Werner, Christine},
  title     = {Trimetallaborides as starting points for the syntheses of large metal-rich molecular borides and clusters},
  series = {Chemical Science},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {Chemical Science},
  number    = {1},
  doi       = {10.1039/c5sc03206g},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-191511},
  pages     = {109-116},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Treatment of an anionic dimanganaborylene complex ([{Cp(CO)\(_2\)Mn}\(_2\)B]\(^-\)) with coinage metal cations stabilized by a very weakly coordinating Lewis base (SMe\(_2\)) led to the coordination of the incoming metal and subsequent displacement of dimethylsulfide in the formation of hexametalladiborides featuring planar four-membered M\(_2\)B\(_2\) cores (M = Cu, Au) comparable to transition metal clusters constructed around four-membered rings composed solely of coinage metals. The analogies between compounds consisting of B\(_2\)M\(_2\) units and M\(_4\) (M = Cu, Au) units speak to the often overlooked metalloid nature of boron. Treatment of one of these compounds (M = Cu) with a Lewis-basic metal fragment (Pt(PCy\(_3\))\(_2\)) led to the formation of a tetrametallaboride featuring two manganese, one copper and one platinum atom, all bound to boron in a geometry not yet seen for this kind of compound. Computational examination suggests that this geometry is the result of d\(^{10}\)-d\(^{10}\) dispersion interactions between the copper and platinum fragments.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ZapfPetersBertermannetal.2022,
  author    = {Zapf, Ludwig and Peters, Sven and Bertermann, R{\"u}diger and Radius, Udo and Finze, Maik},
  title     = {Tricyanoborane-Functionalized Anionic N-Heterocyclic Carbenes: Adjustment of Charge and Stereo-Electronic Properties},
  series = {Chemistry - A European Journal},
  volume    = {28},
  journal   = {Chemistry - A European Journal},
  number    = {39},
  doi       = {10.1002/chem.202200275},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-287200},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {The 1-methyl-3-(tricyanoborane)imidazolin-2-ylidenate anion (2) was obtained in high yield by deprotonation of the B(CN)3-methylimidazole adduct 1. Regarding charge and stereo-electronic properties, anion 2 closes the gap between well-known neutral NHCs and the ditopic dianionic NHC, the 1,3-bis(tricyanoborane)imidazolin-2-ylidenate dianion (IIb). The influence of the number of N-bonded tricyanoborane moieties on the σ-donating and π-accepting properties of NHCs was assessed by quantum chemical calculations and verified by experimental data on 2, IIb, and 1,3-dimethylimidazolin-2-ylidene (IMe, IIa). Therefore NHC 2, which acts as a ditopic ligand via the carbene center and the cyano groups, was reacted with alkyl iodides, selenium, and [Ni(CO)\(_{4}\)] yielding alkylated imidazoles 3 and 4, the anionic selenium adduct 5, and the anionic nickel tricarbonyl complex 8, respectively. The results of this study prove that charge, number of coordination sites, buried volume (\%V\(_{bur}\)) and σ-donor and π-acceptor abilities of NHCs can be effectively fine-tuned via the number of tricyanoborane substituents.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BanKaračićTomićetal.2021,
  author    = {Ban, Željka and Karačić, Zrinka and Tomić, Sanja and Amini, Hashem and Marder, Todd B. and Piantanida, Ivo},
  title     = {Triarylborane dyes as a novel non-covalent and non-inhibitive fluorimetric markers for DPP III enzyme},
  series = {Molecules},
  volume    = {26},
  journal   = {Molecules},
  number    = {16},
  issn      = {1420-3049},
  doi       = {10.3390/molecules26164816},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-245046},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Novel dyes were prepared by simple "click CuAAC" attachment of a triarylborane-alkyne to the azide side chain of an amino acid yielding triarylborane dye 1 which was conjugated with pyrene (dye 2) forming a triarylborane-pyrene FRET pair. In contrast to previous cationic triarylboranes, the novel neutral dyes interact only with proteins, while their affinity to DNA/RNA is completely abolished. Both the reference triarylborane amino acid and triarylborane-pyrene conjugate bind to BSA and the hDPP III enzyme with high affinities, exhibiting a strong (up to 100-fold) fluorescence increase, whereby the triarylborane-pyrene conjugate additionally retained FRET upon binding to the protein. Furthermore, the triarylborane dyes, upon binding to the hDPP III enzyme, did not impair its enzymatic activity under a wide range of experimental conditions, thus being the first non-covalent fluorimetric markers for hDPP III, also applicable during enzymatic reactions with hDPP III substrates.},
  language  = {en}
}
@unpublished{HermannArrowsmithTrujilloGonzalezetal.2020,
  author    = {Hermann, Alexander and Arrowsmith, Merle and Trujillo-Gonzalez, Daniel and Jim{\´e}nez-Halla, J. Oscar C. and Vargas, Alfredo and Braunschweig, Holger},
  title     = {Trapping of a Borirane Intermediate in the Reductive Coupling of an Arylborane to a Diborene},
  series = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
  journal   = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
  doi       = {10.1021/jacs.0c02306},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-203140},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The reductive coupling of an NHC-stabilized aryldibromoborane yields a mixture of trans- and cis-diborenes in which the aryl groups are coplanar with the diborene core. Under dilute reduction conditions two diastereomers of a borirane-borane intermediate are isolated, which upon further reduction give rise to the aforementioned diborene mixture. DFT calculations suggest a mechanism proceeding via nucleophilic attack of a dicoordinate borylene intermediate on the aryl ring and subsequent intramolecular B-B bond formation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchmidtWernerArrowsmithetal.2020,
  author    = {Schmidt, Uwe and Werner, Luis and Arrowsmith, Merle and Deissenberger, Andrea and Hermann, Alexander and Hofmann, Alexander and Ullrich, Stefan and Mattock, James D. and Vargas, Alfredo and Braunschweig, Holger},
  title     = {Trans-selektive Dihydroborierung eines cis-Diborens durch Insertion: Synthese eines linearen sp\(^3\)-sp\(^2\)-sp\(^3\)-Triborans und anschließende Kationisierung},
  series = {Angewandte Chemie},
  volume    = {132},
  journal   = {Angewandte Chemie},
  number    = {1},
  doi       = {10.1002/ange.201911645},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-219713},
  pages     = {333-337},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Die Reaktion zwischen Aryl- und Amino(dihydro)boranen und Dibora[2]ferrocenophan 1 f{\"u}hrt zur Bildung von 1,3-trans-Dihydrotriboranen durch formale Hydrierung und Insertion eines Borylens in die B=B Doppelbindung. Die Aryltriboran-Derivate unterliegen einer reversiblen Photoisomerisierung zugunsten eines cis-1,2-μ-H-3-Hydrotriborans, w{\"a}hrend eine Hydridabstraktion zu kationischen Triboranen f{\"u}hrt, welche die ersten doppelt basenstabilisierten B\(_3\)H\(_4\)\(^+\)-Analoga darstellen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{JosSzwetkowskiSlebodnicketal.2022,
  author    = {Jos, Swetha and Szwetkowski, Connor and Slebodnick, Carla and Ricker, Robert and Chan, Ka Lok and Chan, Wing Chun and Radius, Udo and Lin, Zhenyang and Marder, Todd B. and Santos, Webster L.},
  title     = {Transition Metal-Free Regio- and Stereo-Selective trans Hydroboration of 1,3-Diynes: A Phosphine-Catalyzed Access to (E)-1-Boryl-1,3-Enynes},
  series = {Chemistry - A European Journal},
  volume    = {28},
  journal   = {Chemistry - A European Journal},
  number    = {63},
  doi       = {10.1002/chem.202202349},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-293784},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {We report a transition metal-free, regio- and stereo-selective, phosphine-catalyzed method for the trans hydroboration of 1,3-diynes with pinacolborane that affords (E)-1-boryl-1,3-enynes. The reaction proceeds with excellent selectivity for boron addition to the external carbon of the 1,3-diyne framework as unambiguously established by NMR and X-ray crystallographic studies. The reaction displays a broad substrate scope including unsymmetrical diynes to generate products in high yield (up to 95 \%). Experimental and theoretical studies suggest that phosphine attack on the alkyne is a key process in the catalytic cycle.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Mao2018,
  author    = {Mao, Lujia},
  title     = {Transition Metal-Catalyzed Construction of Benzyl/Allyl sp\(^3\) and Vinyl/Allenyl sp\(^2\) C-B Bonds},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-154022},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Organoboron compounds, such as benzyl-, allyl-, allenyl-, vinyl-, and 2-boryl allyl-boronates, have been synthesized via metal-catalyzed borylations of sp3 C-O and C-H bonds. Thus, Cu-catalyzed borylations of alcohols and their derivatives provide benzyl-, allyl-, allenyl-, vinyl-, and 2-boryl allyl-boronates via nucleophilic substitution. The employment of Ti(OiPr)4 turns the OH moiety into a good leaving group ('OTi'). The products of Pd-catalyzed oxidative borylations of allylic C-H bonds of alkenes were isolated and purified, and their application in the one-pot synthesis of stereodefined homoallyl alcohols was also investigated. Chapter 2 presents a copper-catalyzed synthesis of benzyl-, allyl-, and allenyl-boronates from benzylic, allylic, and propargylic alcohols, respectively, employing a commercially available catalyst precursor, [Cu(CH3CN)4]2+[BF4-]2, and Xantphos as the ligand. The borylation of benzylic alcohols was carried out at 100 oC with 5-10 mol \% [Cu(CH3CN)4]2+[BF4-]2, which afforded benzylic boronates in 32\%-95\% yields. With 10 mol \% [Cu(CH3CN)4]2+[BF4-]2, allylic boronates were provided in 53\%-89\% yields from the borylation of allylic alcohols at 60 or 100 oC. Secondary allylboronates were prepared in 72\%-84\% yields from the borylation of primary allylic alcohols, which also suggests that a nucleophilic substitution pathway is involved in this reaction. Allenylboronates were also synthesized in 72\%-89\% yields from the borylation of propargylic alcohols at 40 or 60 oC. This methodology can be extended to borylation of benzylic and allylic acetates. This protocol exhibits broad reaction scope (40 examples) and high efficiency (up to 95\% yield) under mild conditions, including the preparation of secondary allylic boronates. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that nucleophilic substitution is involved in this reaction. Chapter 3 reports an efficient methodology for the synthesis of vinyl-, allyl-, and (E)-2-boryl allylboronates from propargylic alcohols via copper-catalyzed borylation reactions under mild conditions. In the presence of a commercially available catalyst precursor (Cu(OAc)2 or Cu(acac)2) and ligand (Xantphos), the reaction affords the desired products in up to 92\% yield with a broad substrate scope (43 examples). Vinylboronates were synthesized in 50\%-83\% yields via Cu-catalyzed hydroboration of mono-substituted propargylic alcohols. With 1,1-disubstituted propargylic alcohols as the starting materials and Cu(OAc)2 as the catalyst precursor, a variety of allylboronates were synthesized in 44\%-83\% yields. The (E)-2-boryl allylboronates were synthesized in 54\%-92\% yields via the Cu-catalyzed diboration of propargylic alcohols. The stereoselectivity is different from the Pd(dba)2-catalyzed diboration of allenes that provided (Z)-2-boryl allylboronates predominantly. The isolation of an allenyl boronate as the reaction intermediate suggests that an SN2'-type reaction, followed by borylcupration, is involved in the mechanism of the diboration of propargylic alcohols. In chapter 4, a Pd-catalyzed allylic C-H borylation of alkenes is reported. The transformation exhibits high regioselectivity with a variety of linear alkenes, employing a Pd-pincer complex as the catalyst precursor, and the allylic boronate products were isolated and purified. This protocol can also be extended to one-pot carbonyl allylation reactions to provide homoallyl alcohols efficiently. An interesting mechanistic feature is that the reaction proceeds via a Pd(II)/Pd(IV) catalytic cycle. Formation of the Pd(IV) intermediate occurs by a unique combination of an NCNpincer complex and application of F-TEDA-BF4 as the oxidant. An important novelty of the present C-H borylation reaction is that all allyl-Bpin products can be isolated with usually high yields. This is probably a consequence of the application of the NCN-pincer complex as catalyst, which selectively catalyzes C-B bond formation avoiding subsequent C-B bond cleavage based side-reactions},
  subject      = {{\"U}bergangsmetall},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LiuKoleBudimanetal.2021,
  author    = {Liu, Zhiqiang and Kole, Goutam Kumar and Budiman, Yudha P. and Tian, Ya-Ming and Friedrich, Alexandra and Luo, Xiaoling and Westcott, Stephen A. and Radius, Udo and Marder, Todd B.},
  title     = {Transition metal catalyst-free, base-promoted 1,2-additions of polyfluorophenylboronates to aldehydes and ketones},
  series = {Angewandte Chemie International Edition},
  volume    = {60},
  journal   = {Angewandte Chemie International Edition},
  number    = {30},
  doi       = {10.1002/anie.202103686},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-256487},
  pages     = {16529-16538},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {A novel protocol for the transition metal-free 1,2-addition of polyfluoroaryl boronate esters to aldehydes and ketones is reported, which provides secondary alcohols, tertiary alcohols, and ketones. Control experiments and DFT calculations indicate that both the ortho-F substituents on the polyfluorophenyl boronates and the counterion K\(^+\) in the carbonate base are critical. The distinguishing features of this procedure include the employment of commercially available starting materials and the broad scope of the reaction with a wide variety of carbonyl compounds giving moderate to excellent yields. Intriguing structural features involving O-H⋅⋅⋅O and O-H⋅⋅⋅N hydrogen bonding, as well as arene-perfluoroarene interactions, in this series of racemic polyfluoroaryl carbinols have also been addressed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AlbertBerningBurschkaetal.1981,
  author    = {Albert, Bernhard and Berning, Wilfried and Burschka, Christian and H{\"u}nig, Siegfried and Martin, Hans-Dieter and Prokschy, Frank,},
  title     = {Transanulare Wechselwirkung des Azo-Chromophors inisodrinanalogen Systemen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-31328},
  year      = {1981},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Chemie},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{SchmidtWernerArrowsmithetal.2020,
  author    = {Schmidt, Uwe and Werner, Luis and Arrowsmith, Merle and Deissenberger, Andrea and Hermann, Alexander and Hofmann, Alexander and Ullrich, Stefan and Mattock, James D. and Vargas, Alfredo and Braunschweig, Holger},
  title     = {trans-Selective Insertional Dihydroboration of a cis-Diborene: Synthesis of Linear sp\(^3\)-sp\(^2\)-sp\(^3\)-Triboranes and Subsequent Cationization},
  series = {Angewandte Chemie International Edition},
  volume    = {59},
  journal   = {Angewandte Chemie International Edition},
  number    = {1},
  doi       = {10.1002/anie.201911645},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-208090},
  pages     = {325-329},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The reaction of aryl- and amino(dihydro)boranes with dibora[2]ferrocenophane 1 leads to the formation 1,3-trans -dihydrotriboranes by formal hydrogenation and insertion of a borylene unit into the B=B bond. The aryltriborane derivatives undergo reversible photoisomerization to the cis -1,2-μ-H-3-hydrotriboranes, while hydride abstraction affords cationic triboranes, which represent the first doubly base-stabilized B3H4\(^+\) analogues.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LenczykRoyOberdorfetal.2019,
  author    = {Lenczyk, Carsten and Roy, Dipak Kumar and Oberdorf, Kai and Nitsch, J{\"o}rn and Dewhurst, Rian D. and Radacki, Krzysztof and Halet, Jean-Fran{\c{c}}ois and Marder, Todd B. and Bickelhaupt, Matthias and Braunschweig, Holger},
  title     = {Toward Transition-Metal-Templated Construction of Arylated B\(_{4}\) Chains by Dihydroborane Dehydrocoupling},
  series = {Chemistry - A European Journal},
  volume    = {25},
  journal   = {Chemistry - A European Journal},
  number    = {72},
  doi       = {10.1002/chem.201904772},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-214324},
  pages     = {16544-16549},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The reactivity of a diruthenium tetrahydride complex towards three selected dihydroboranes was investigated. The use of [DurBH\(_{2}\)] (Dur=2,3,5,6-Me\(_{4}\)C\(_{6}\)H) and [(Me\(_{3}\)Si)\(_{2}\)NBH\(_{2}\)] led to the formation of bridging borylene complexes of the form [(Cp\(^{*}\)RuH)\(_{2}\)BR] (Cp\(^{*}\)=C\(_{5}\)Me\(_{5}\); 1 a: R=Dur; 1 b: R=N(SiMe\(_{3}\))\(_{2}\)) through oxidative addition of the B-H bonds with concomitant hydrogen liberation. Employing the more electron-deficient dihydroborane [3,5-(CF\(_{3}\))\(_{2}\)-C\(_{6}\)H\(_{3}\)BH\(_{2}\)] led to the formation of an anionic complex bearing a tetraarylated chain of four boron atoms, namely Li(THF)\(_{4}\)[(Cp\(^{*}\)Ru)\(_{2}\)B\(_{4}\)H\(_{5}\)(3,5-(CF\(_{3}\))\(_{2}\)C\(_{6}\)H\(_{3}\))\(_{4}\)] (4), through an unusual, incomplete threefold dehydrocoupling process. A comparative theoretical investigation of the bonding in a simplified model of 4 and the analogous complex nido-[1,2(Cp\(^{*}\)Ru)\(_{2}\)(μ-H)B\(_{4}\)H\(_{9}\)] (I) indicates that there appear to be no classical σ-bonds between the boron atoms in complex I, whereas in the case of 4 the B\(_{4}\) chain better resembles a network of three B-B σ bonds, the central bond being significantly weaker than the other two.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Patrakov2008,
  author    = {Patrakov, Alexander},
  title     = {Topologische Analysen von NMR-Spin-Spin-Kopplungspfaden {\"u}ber Realraumfunktionen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-28501},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {NMR Spin-Spin-Kopplung Realraumfunktionen CED CDD ELF},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{WaelbroeckCamusTastenoyetal.1993,
  author    = {Waelbroeck, M. and Camus, J. and Tastenoy, M. and Lambrecht, G. and Mutschler, E. and Kropfgans, M. and Sperlich, J. and Wiesenberger, F. and Tacke, R. and Christophe, J.},
  title     = {Thermodynamics of antagonist binding to rat muscarinic \(M_2\) receptors: antimuscarinics of the pridinol, sila-pridinol, diphenidol and sila-diphenidol type},
  series = {British Journal of Pharmacology},
  volume    = {109},
  journal   = {British Journal of Pharmacology},
  number    = {2},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-128439},
  pages     = {360-370},
  year      = {1993},
  abstract  = {1 We studied the effect of temperature on the binding to rat heart \(M_2\) muscarinic receptors of antagonists related to the carbon/silicon pairs pridinol/sila-pridinol and diphenidol/sila-diphenidol (including three germanium compounds) and six structurally related pairs of enantiomers [(R)- and (S)-procyclidine, (R)- and (S)-trihexyphenidyl, (R)- and (S)-tricyclamol, (R)- and (S)-trihexyphenidyl methiodide, (R)- and (S)-hexahydro-diphenidol and (R)- and (S)-hexbutinol]. Binding affinities were determined in competition experiments using \([^3H]\)-N-methyl-scopolamine chloride as radioligand. The reference drugs were scopolamine and N-methyl-scopolamine bromide. 2 The affinity of the antagonists either increased or decreased with temperature, van 't Hoff plots were linear in the 278-310°K temperature range. Binding of all antagonists was entropy driven. Enthalpy changes varied from large negative values (down to \(-29 kJ mol^{-1}\)) to large positive values (up to \(+ 30 kJ mol^{-1}\)). 3 (R)-configurated drugs had a 10 to 100 fold greater affinity for \(M_2\) receptors than the corresponding (S)-enantiomers. Enthalpy and entropy changes of the respective enantiomers were different but no consistent pattern was observed. 4 When silanols \((R_3SiOH)\) were compared to carbinols \((R_3COH)\), the affinity increase caused by C/Si exchange varied between 3 and 10 fold for achiral drugs but was negligible in the case of chiral drugs. Silanols induced more favourable enthalpy and less favourable entropy changes than the corresponding carbinols when binding. Organogermanium compounds \((R_4Ge)\) when compared to their silicon counterparts (R4Si) showed no significant difference in affinity as well as in enthalpy and entropy changes. 5 Exchange of a cyclohexyl by a phenyl moiety was associated with an increase or a decrease in drug affinity (depending on the absolute configuration in the case of chiral drugs) and generally also with a more favourable enthalpy change and a less favourable entropy change of drug binding. 6 Replacement of a pyrrolidino by a piperidino group and increasing the length of the alkylene chain bridging the amino group and the central carbon or silicon atom were associated with either an increase or a decrease of entropy and enthalpy changes of drug binding. However, there was no clear correlation between these structural variations and the thermodynamic effects. 7 Taken together, these results suggest that hydrogen bond-forming OH groups and, to a lesser extent, polarizable phenyl groups contribute significantly to the thermodynamics of interactions between these classes of muscarinic antagonists and \(M_2\) muscarinic receptors.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{TackeLange1983,
  author    = {Tacke, Reinhold and Lange, H.},
  title     = {Thermisch induzierte Umlagerung von (Acyloxymethyl)- diorganylsilanen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-63752},
  year      = {1983},
  abstract  = {Die (Acyloxymethyl)diorganylsilane R\(^1\)R\(^2\)Si(H)CH\(_2\)OC(O)R\(^3\) (2a- d) unterliegen einer thermisch induzierten Umlagerung zu den entsprechenden Acyloxy(methyl)diorganylsilanen R\(^1\)R\(^2\)Si(CH\(_3\))OC(O)R\(^3\) (3a- d). Diese Reaktion beinhaltet formal einen Austausch des am Silicium gebundenen Wasserstoffs mit dem am Kohlenstoff gebundenen Acyloxy-Rest. Bez{\"u}glich der 1,2- Wasserstoff-Verschiebung konnte experimentell ein intramolekularer Prozeß bewiesen werden.},
  subject      = {Anorganische Chemie},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BuraBeaupreLegareetal.2018,
  author    = {Bura, Thomas and Beaupr{\´e}, Serge and L{\´e}gar{\´e}, Marc-Andr{\´e} and Ibraikulov, Olzhas A. and Leclerc, Nicolas and Leclerc, Mario},
  title     = {Theoretical calculations for highly selective Direct Heteroarylation Polymerization: new nitrile-substituted Dithienyl-Diketopyrrolopyrrole-based polymers},
  series = {Molecules},
  volume    = {23},
  journal   = {Molecules},
  number    = {9},
  issn      = {1420-3049},
  doi       = {10.3390/molecules23092324},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-197648},
  pages     = {2324},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Direct Heteroarylation Polymerization (DHAP) is becoming a valuable alternative to classical polymerization methods being used to synthesize π-conjugated polymers for organic electronics applications. In previous work, we showed that theoretical calculations on activation energy (Ea) of the C-H bonds were helpful to rationalize and predict the selectivity of the DHAP. For readers' convenience, we have gathered in this work all our previous theoretical calculations on Ea and performed new ones. Those theoretical calculations cover now most of the widely utilized electron-rich and electron-poor moieties studied in organic electronics like dithienyl-diketopyrrolopyrrole (DT-DPP) derivatives. Theoretical calculations reported herein show strong modulation of the Ea of C-H bond on DT-DPP when a bromine atom or strong electron withdrawing groups (such as fluorine or nitrile) are added to the thienyl moiety. Based on those theoretical calculations, new cyanated dithienyl-diketopyrrolopyrrole (CNDT-DPP) monomers and copolymers were prepared by DHAP and their electro-optical properties were compared with their non-fluorinated and fluorinated analogues.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KauppStollPreussetal.1991,
  author    = {Kaupp, Martin and Stoll, Hermann and Preuss, Heinzwerner and Kaim, Wolfgang and Stahl, Thomas and van Koten, Gerard and Wissing, Elmo and Smeets, Wilberth J. J. and Spek, Anthony L.},
  title     = {Theoretical and Experimential Study of Diamagnetic and Paramagnetic Products from Thermal and Light-Induced Alkyl Transfer between Zinc or Magnesium Dialkyls and 1,4-Diaza-1,3-butadiene Substrates},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-60173},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Anorganische Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KauppSchleyer1992,
  author    = {Kaupp, Martin and Schleyer, Paul von Rague},
  title     = {The Structure and Stability Trends Fluoro(methyl)plumbanes},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-60105},
  year      = {1992},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Anorganische Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KauppSchleyer1992,
  author    = {Kaupp, Martin and Schleyer, Paul. von Rague},
  title     = {The Structural Variations of Monomeric Alkaline Earth MX\(_2\)-Compounds (M = Ca, Sr, Ba; X = Li, BeH, BH\(_2\), CH\(_3\), NH\(_2\),OH, F). An ab Initio Pseudopotential Study},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-60152},
  year      = {1992},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Anorganische Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KauppSchleyerStolletal.1991,
  author    = {Kaupp, Martin and Schleyer, Paul. von Rague and Stoll, Hermann and Preuss, Heinzwerner},
  title     = {The Question of bending of the Alkaline Earth Dihalides MX\(_2\) (M = Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba; X = F, C1, Br, I). An ab Initio Pseudopotential Study},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-60166},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Anorganische Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KauppSchleyer1993,
  author    = {Kaupp, Martin and Schleyer, Paul von Rague},
  title     = {The Peculiar Coordination of Brium: Ab Initio Study of the Molecular and Electronic Structures of the Group 2 Dihydride Dimers M\(_2\)H\(_4\) (M=Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba)},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-60048},
  year      = {1993},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Anorganische Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{TumirPavlovićSaftićCrnolatacetal.2023,
  author    = {Tumir, Lidija-Marija and Pavlović Saftić, Dijana and Crnolatac, Ivo and Ban, Željka and Maslać, Matea and Griesbeck, Stefanie and Marder, Todd B. and Piantanida, Ivo},
  title     = {The nature of the (oligo/hetero)arene linker connecting two triarylborane cations controls fluorimetric and circular dichroism sensing of various ds-DNAs and ds-RNAs},
  series = {Molecules},
  volume    = {28},
  journal   = {Molecules},
  number    = {11},
  issn      = {1420-3049},
  doi       = {10.3390/molecules28114348},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-319322},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {A series of tetracationic bis-triarylborane dyes, differing in the aromatic linker connecting two dicationic triarylborane moieties, showed very high submicromolar affinities toward ds-DNA and ds-RNA. The linker strongly influenced the emissive properties of triarylborane cations and controlled the fluorimetric response of dyes. The fluorene-analog shows the most selective fluorescence response between AT-DNA, GC-DNA, and AU-RNA, the pyrene-analog's emission is non-selectively enhanced by all DNA/RNA, and the dithienyl-diketopyrrolopyrrole analog's emission is strongly quenched upon DNA/RNA binding. The emission properties of the biphenyl-analog were not applicable, but the compound showed specific induced circular dichroism (ICD) signals only for AT-sequence-containing ds-DNAs, whereas the pyrene-analog ICD signals were specific for AT-DNA with respect to GC-DNA, and also recognized AU-RNA by giving a different ICD pattern from that observed upon interaction with AT-DNA. The fluorene- and dithienyl-diketopyrrolopyrrole analogs were ICD-signal silent. Thus, fine-tuning of the aromatic linker properties connecting two triarylborane dications can be used for the dual sensing (fluorimetric and CD) of various ds-DNA/RNA secondary structures, depending on the steric properties of the DNA/RNA grooves.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KauppCharkinSchleyer1992,
  author    = {Kaupp, Martin and Charkin, Oleg P. and Schleyer, Paul von Rague},
  title     = {The Ions MCp\(^{2+}\) (M = Sc, La): Significantly Bent Sandwich Species},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-60082},
  year      = {1992},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Anorganische Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{HasenstabRiedel2006,
  author    = {Hasenstab-Riedel, Sebastian},
  title     = {The Highest Oxidation States of the 5d Transition Metals : a Quantum-Chemical Study},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-19402},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {The theoretical work presented in this thesis is concerned with the highest possible oxidation states of the 5d transition metal row. Based on a validation study of several DFT functionals against accurate coupled-cluster CCSD(T) methods we will present calculations on a series of new high oxidation state HgIV species. Quantum-chemical calculations have also been applied to various fluoro complexes of gold in oxidation states +V through +VII to evaluate the previously claimed existence of AuF7. The calculations indicate clearly that the oxidation state (+V), e.g., in [AuF5]2, remains the highest well-established gold oxidation state. Further calculations on iridium in oxidation state (+VII) show that IrF7 and IrOF5 are viable synthetic targets, whereas higher oxidation states of iridium appear to be unlikely. Structures and stabilities of several osmium fluorides and oxyfluorides were also studied in this thesis. It is shown that homoleptic fluorides all the way up to OsF8 may exist. Combining the results of the most accurate quantum-chemical predictions of this thesis and of the most reliable experimental studies, we observe a revised trend of the highest oxidation states of the 5d transition metal row. From lanthanum (+III) to osmium (+VIII), there is a linear increase of the highest oxidation states with increasing atomic number. Thereafter, we observe a linear descent from osmium (+VIII) to mercury (+IV). We will also present a short outlook to the transition metals of the 3d and 4d row and their highest reachable oxidation states.},
  subject      = {Oxidationszahl},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{TackeMuehleisenJones1994,
  author    = {Tacke, Reinhold and M{\"u}hleisen, M. and Jones, P. G.},
  title     = {The first zwitterionic, optically active disilicate with pentacoordinate silicon},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-64358},
  year      = {1994},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Anorganische Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KauppSchleyerDolgetal.1992,
  author    = {Kaupp, Martin and Schleyer, Paul von Rague and Dolg, Michael and Stoll, Hermann},
  title     = {The Equilibrium Structures of Monomeric Group 2 and Lanthanide(II) Metallocenes MCp2 (M = Ca, Sr, Ba, Sm, Eu, Yb) Studied by ab Initio Calculations},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-60139},
  year      = {1992},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Anorganische Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GriesbeckMichailRauchetal.2019,
  author    = {Griesbeck, Stefanie and Michail, Evripidis and Rauch, Florian and Ogasawara, Hiroaki and Wang, Chenguang and Sato, Yoshikatsu and Edkins, Robert M. and Zhang, Zuolun and Taki, Masayasu and Lambert, Christoph and Yamaguchi, Shigehiro and Marder, Todd B.},
  title     = {The Effect of Branching on the One- and Two-Photon Absorption, Cell Viability, and Localization of Cationic Triarylborane Chromophores with Dipolar versus Octupolar Charge Distributions for Cellular Imaging},
  series = {Chemistry - A European Journal},
  volume    = {25},
  journal   = {Chemistry - A European Journal},
  number    = {57},
  doi       = {10.1002/chem.201902461},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-212887},
  pages     = {13164 -- 13175},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Two different chromophores, namely a dipolar and an octupolar system, were prepared and their linear and nonlinear optical properties as well as their bioimaging capabilities were compared. Both contain triphenylamine as the donor and a triarylborane as the acceptor, the latter modified with cationic trimethylammonio groups to provide solubility in aqueous media. The octupolar system exhibits a much higher two-photon brightness, and also better cell viability and enhanced selectivity for lysosomes compared with the dipolar chromophore. Furthermore, both dyes were applied in two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) live-cell imaging.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GriesbeckMichailRauchetal.2019,
  author    = {Griesbeck, Stefanie and Michail, Evripidis and Rauch, Florian and Ogasawara, Hiroaki and Wang, Chenguang and Sato, Yoshikatsu and Edkins, Robert M. and Zhang, Zuolun and Taki, Masayasu and Lambert, Christoph and Yamaguchi, Shigehiro and Marder, Todd B.},
  title     = {The Effect of Branching on One- and Two-Photon Absorption, Cell Viability and Localization of Cationic Triarylborane Chromophores with Dipolar versus Octupolar Charge Distributions for Cellular Imaging},
  series = {Chemistry - A European Journal},
  volume    = {25},
  journal   = {Chemistry - A European Journal},
  number    = {57},
  doi       = {10.1002/chem.201902461},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-204829},
  pages     = {13164-13175},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Two different chromophores, namely a dipolar and an octupolar system, were prepared and their linear and nonlinear optical properties as well as their bioimaging capabilities were compared. Both contain triphenylamine as the donor and a triarylborane as the acceptor, the latter modified with cationic trimethylammonio groups to provide solubility in aqueous media. The octupolar system exhibits a much higher two-photon brightness, and also better cell viability and enhanced selectivity for lysosomes compared with the dipolar chromophore. Furthermore, both dyes were applied in two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) live-cell imaging.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KauppSchnering1994,
  author    = {Kaupp, Martin and Schnering, Hans Georg von},
  title     = {The Dominance of Linear 2-Coordination in Mercury Chemistry: Quasirelativistic and Nonrelativistic ab Initio Pseudopotential Study of (HgX\(_2\))\(_2\) (X=F, Cl, Br, I, H)},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-59995},
  year      = {1994},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Anorganische Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RamlerFantuzziGeistetal.2021,
  author    = {Ramler, Jaqueline and Fantuzzi, Felipe and Geist, Felix and Hanft, Anna and Braunschweig, Holger and Engels, Bernd and Lichtenberg, Crispin},
  title     = {The dimethylbismuth cation: entry into dative Bi-Bi bonding and unconventional methyl exchange},
  series = {Angewandte Chemie International Edition},
  volume    = {60},
  journal   = {Angewandte Chemie International Edition},
  doi       = {10.1002/anie.202109545},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-256543},
  pages     = {24388-24394},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The dimethyl bismuth cation, [BiMe\(_2\)(SbF\(_6\))], has been isolated and characterized. Reaction with BiMe\(_3\) allows access to the first compound featuring Bi→Bi donor-acceptor bonding. In solution, dynamic behavior with methyl exchange via an unusual S\(_E\)2 mechanism is observed, underlining the unique properties of bismuth species as soft Lewis acids with the ability to undergo reversible Bi-C bond cleavage.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WirthensohnFinze2020,
  author    = {Wirthensohn, Raphael and Finze, Maik},
  title     = {The crystal structure of trimethylsulfonium tris(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanide, C\(_7\)H\(_9\)F\(_9\)O\(_6\)S\(_4\)},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures},
  volume    = {236},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures},
  number    = {2},
  doi       = {10.1515/ncrs-2020-0612},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-231358},
  pages     = {417-419},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {C\(_7\)H\(_9\)F\(_9\)O\(_6\)S\(_4\), orthorhombic, P2\(_1\)2\(_1\)2\(_1\) (no. 19), a = 8.80180(10) {\AA}, b= 10.96580(10) {\AA}, c = 16.91360(10) {\AA},V= 1632.48(3) {\AA}\(^3\), Z= 4, R\(_{gt}\)(F) = 0.0222, wR\(_{ref}\)(F\(^2\)) = 0.0604, T = 100 K.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ZapfFinze2021,
  author    = {Zapf, Ludwig and Finze, Maik},
  title     = {The crystal structure of poly[(μ \(_3\)-imidazolato-κ \(^3\) N:N:N′)(tetrahydrofuran- κ \(^1\) O)lithium(I)], C\(_7\)H\(_{11}\)LiN\(_2\)O},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures},
  volume    = {236},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures},
  number    = {5},
  doi       = {10.1515/ncrs-2021-0192},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-260745},
  pages     = {1007-1009},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {C\(_7\)H\(_{11}\)LiN\(_2\)O, monoclinic, P2\(_1\)/c (no. 14), a = 8.9067(1) angstrom, b = 8.6975(1) angstrom, c = 10.2398(1) angstrom, beta = 101.900(3)degrees, V = 770.491(15) angstrom(3), Z = 4, R-gt (F) = 0.0338, wR(ref) (F\(^2\)) = 0.0925, T = 100 K.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MuessigLisinetskayaDewhurstetal.2020,
  author    = {Muessig, Jonas H. and Lisinetskaya, Polina and Dewhurst, Rian D. and Bertermann, R{\"u}diger and Thaler, Melanie and Mitric, Roland and Braunschweig, Holger},
  title     = {Tetraiododiborane(4) (B\(_2\)I\(_4\)) is a Polymer based on sp\(^3\) Boron in the Solid State},
  series = {Angewandte Chemie International Edition},
  volume    = {59},
  journal   = {Angewandte Chemie International Edition},
  doi       = {10.1002/anie.201913590},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-209428},
  pages     = {5531-5535},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Herein we present the first solid-state structures of tetraiododiborane(4) (B\(_2\)I\(_4\)), which was long believed to exist in all phases as discrete molecules with planar, tricoordinate boron atoms, like the lighter tetrahalodiboranes(4) B\(_2\)F\(_4\), B\(_2\)Cl\(_4\), and B\(_2\)Br\(_4\). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction, solid-state NMR, and IR measurements indicate that B\(_2\)I\(_4\) in fact exists as two different polymeric forms in the solid state, both of which feature boron atoms in tetrahedral environments. DFT calculations are used to simulate the IR spectra of the solution and solid-state structures, and these are compared with the experimental spectra.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Dilsky2003,
  author    = {Dilsky, Stefan},
  title     = {Teil A: Synthese und Reaktivit{\"a}t von diastereomeren Rhenium-Halbsandwich-Thiolat-Komplexen und Teil B: Monoanionische Wolfram-Carbonyl-Komplexe: Synthese, Struktur und Wechselwirkung mit Zellmembranen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-6887},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Teil A behandelt zun{\"a}chst die Synthese verschiedener achiraler und chiraler Phosphane. Die Chiralit{\"a}t kann sowohl in der Seitenkette als auch am Phosphoratom selbst vorliegen. Einige Phosphane tragen zus{\"a}tzlich ein weiteres Donoratom (O oder S) in der organischen Seitenkette. Reaktion der Phosphane mit dem at-metal-chiralen Komplex [CpRe(CO)(NO)(NCCH3)]BF4 liefert diastereomere Komplexe des Typs [CpRe(CO)(NO)(PR3)]BF4 mit Metall- und Ligand-zentrierter Chiralit{\"a}t. Weitere Umsetzungen f{\"u}hren zu neutralen Methyl- und Thiolat-Komplexen [CpRe(NO)(PR3)(L)] (L = Me, SCH2R'). S{\"a}ureinduzierte Abspaltung der Methyl-Gruppe f{\"u}hrt zu 16-Valenzelektronen-Komplexen, die sich intramolekular {\"u}ber die weitere Donorfunktion im Phosphan stabilisieren lassen. Die Oxidation der Thiolat-Komplexe mit [Ph3C]BF4 f{\"u}hrt zu Thioaldehyd-Komplexen [CpRe(NO)(PR3)(S=C(H)R')]BF4. Teil B besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit der Synthese von Wolfram-Komplexen des allgemeinen Typs Et4N[W(CO)5(SR)] (R = Aryl, Alkyl) sowie cis-Et4N[W(CO)4(SSCQ)] (Q = OR, NR2, R). Umsetzung von Et4N[W(CO)5(SR)] mit Phosphanen liefert die entsprechenden Phosphan-substituierten Komplexe cis-Et4N[W(CO)4(PR'3)(SR)] bzw. fac-Et4N[W(CO)3(PR'3)2(SR)]. Im Falle von cis-Et4N[W(CO)4(SSCQ)] (Q = OR, NR2, R) verlaufen die Umsetzungen mit Phosphanen uneinheitlich. Die Wechselwirkung einiger Wolfram-Komplexe mit der Zellmembran von Sp2- und Jurkat-Zellen wurde mittels Elektrorotationsmessungen untersucht.},
  subject      = {Phosphane},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{FranzsicoFantuzziCardozoetal.2021,
  author    = {Franzsico, Marcos A. S. and Fantuzzi, Felipe and Cardozo, Thiago M. and Esteves, Pierre M. and Engels, Bernd and Oliveira, Ricardo R.},
  title     = {Taming the Antiferromagnetic Beast: Computational Design of Ultrashort Mn-Mn Bonds Stabilized by N-Heterocyclic Carbenes},
  series = {Chemistry—A European Journal},
  volume    = {27},
  journal   = {Chemistry—A European Journal},
  number    = {47},
  doi       = {10.1002/chem.202101116},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-256874},
  pages     = {12126-12136},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The development of complexes featuring low-valent, multiply bonded metal centers is an exciting field with several potential applications. In this work, we describe the design principles and extensive computational investigation of new organometallic platforms featuring the elusive manganese-manganese bond stabilized by experimentally realized N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs). By using DFT computations benchmarked against multireference calculations, as well as MO- and VB-based bonding analyses, we could disentangle the various electronic and structural effects contributing to the thermodynamic and kinetic stability, as well as the experimental feasibility, of the systems. In particular, we explored the nature of the metal-carbene interaction and the role of the ancillary η\(^{6}\) coordination to the generation of Mn\(_{2}\) systems featuring ultrashort metal-metal bonds, closed-shell singlet multiplicities, and positive adiabatic singlet-triplet gaps. Our analysis identifies two distinct classes of viable synthetic targets, whose electrostructural properties are thoroughly investigated.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Selinka2002,
  author    = {Selinka, Carola},
  title     = {Synthetic routes to asymmetrical Alkylenediimidosulfites and Novel Heteroarene-linked Bis-diimidosulfinates and Bis-triimidosulfonates},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-4271},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2002},
  abstract  = {This theses deals with the syntheses and the coordination behaviour of polyimidosulfur anions like S(NR)32-, S(NR)42-, RS(NR)2- or RS(NR)3-, the nitrogen analogues of the well known oxo-anions SO32-, SO42-, RSO2- and RSO3-. The first aim was the synthesis of a triimidosulfite with three different NR-substituents, a so called asymmetrical triimidosulfite. In all reactions, that have been carried out to obtain a triimidosulfite with three (or two) different residues at nitrogen, the final product was always the dilithium sulfide adduct. The syntheses of chiral alkylenediimidosulfites was successful. Similar to Corey's S-ylides (R2(O)S+--CR2) and Wittig's phosphonium ylides (R3P+--CR2) these molecules contain a positively charged sulfur atom next to a carbanionic centre. The structures of the alkylenediimidosulfites are not influenced by the different substituents at nitrogen and carbon, respectively. In each case a doublecubic structure is received. The first members of a completely new class of compounds were synthesised: the aryl-bis-(diimidosulfinates). In this compounds two SN2 units are connected via a heteroaromatic linker, containing a potential donor centre in metal coordination. They represent, like the known alkyldiimidosulfinates, dipodal monoanionic ligands. In the field of sulfur (VI) chemistry the syntheses of aryltriimidosulfonates were successful. Hitherto it was believed, that only spatial less demanding lithium organics could be added to a S=N double bond in S(NtBu)3. This assumption was confirmed by the fact that methyl- and phenylacetylene-triimidosulfonate were the only known alkylsulfonates. Nevertheless, the addition of several lithiumheteroarenes to sulfurtriimide worked without difficulties. If the shape of the nucleophile permits to slot in between the NtBu substituents and to approach the electrophilic sulfur in the sulfurtriimide from the side rather than in an orthogonal angle, the addition reaction works smoothly. Although the steric demand of the tris(tert.-butyl)triimidosulfonate unit is very high, the synthesis of thiophene-bis-(triimidosulfonate) worked. The sulfonate moieties function as dipodal ligands.},
  subject      = {Schwefelylide},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BergerFergerMarder2021,
  author    = {Berger, Sarina M. and Ferger, Matthias and Marder, Todd B.},
  title     = {Synthetic Approaches to Triarylboranes from 1885 to 2020},
  series = {Chemistry - A European Journal},
  volume    = {27},
  journal   = {Chemistry - A European Journal},
  number    = {24},
  doi       = {10.1002/chem.202005302},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-238952},
  pages     = {7043 -- 7058},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In recent years, research in the fields of optoelectronics, anion sensors and bioimaging agents have been greatly influenced by novel compounds containing triarylborane motifs. Such compounds possess an empty p-orbital at boron which results in useful optical and electronic properties. Such a diversity of applications was not expected when the first triarylborane was reported in 1885. Synthetic approaches to triarylboranes underwent various changes over the following century, some of which are still used in the present day, such as the generally applicable routes developed by Krause et al. in 1922, or by Grisdale et al. in 1972 at Eastman Kodak. Some other developments were not pursued further after their initial reports, such as the synthesis of two triarylboranes bearing three different aromatic groups by Mikhailov et al. in 1958. This review summarizes the development of synthetic approaches to triarylboranes from their first report nearly 135 years ago to the present.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MerzDietzVonhausenetal.2020,
  author    = {Merz, Julia and Dietz, Maximilian and Vonhausen, Yvonne and W{\"o}ber, Frederik and Friedrich, Alexandra and Sieh, Daniel and Krummenacher, Ivo and Braunschweig, Holger and Moos, Michael and Holzapfel, Marco and Lambert, Christoph and Marder, Todd B.},
  title     = {Synthesis, Photophysical and Electronic Properties of New Red-to-NIR Emitting Donor-Acceptor Pyrene Derivatives},
  series = {Chemistry - A European Journal},
  volume    = {26},
  journal   = {Chemistry - A European Journal},
  number    = {2},
  doi       = {10.1002/chem.201904219},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-207486},
  pages     = {438-453},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {We synthesized new pyrene derivatives with strong bis(para -methoxyphenyl)amine donors at the 2,7-positions and n -azaacene acceptors at the K-region of pyrene. The compounds possess a strong intramolecular charge transfer, leading to unusual properties such as emission in the red to NIR region (700 nm), which has not been reported before for monomeric pyrenes. Detailed photophysical studies reveal very long intrinsic lifetimes of >100 ns for the new compounds, which is typical for 2,7-substituted pyrenes but not for K-region substituted pyrenes. The incorporation of strong donors and acceptors leads to very low reduction and oxidation potentials, and spectroelectrochemical studies show that the compounds are on the borderline between localized Robin-Day class-II and delocalized Robin-Day class-III species.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MerzDietrichNitschetal.2020,
  author    = {Merz, Julia and Dietrich, Lena and Nitsch, J{\"o}rn and Krummenacher, Ivo and Braunschweig, Holger and Moos, Michael and Mims, David and Lambert, Christoph and Marder, Todd B.},
  title     = {Synthesis, Photophysical and Electronic Properties of Mono-, Di-, and Tri-Amino-Substituted Ortho-Perylenes, and Comparison to the Tetra-Substituted Derivative},
  series = {Chemistry - A European Journal},
  volume    = {26},
  journal   = {Chemistry - A European Journal},
  number    = {52},
  doi       = {10.1002/chem.202001475},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-217835},
  pages     = {12050 -- 12059},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {We synthesized a series of new mono-, di-, tri- and tetra-substituted perylene derivatives with strong bis(para-methoxyphenyl)amine (DPA) donors at the uncommon 2,5,8,11-positions. The properties of our new donor-substituted perylenes were studied in detail to establish a structure-property relationship. Interesting trends and unusual properties are observed for this series of new perylene derivatives, such as a decreasing charge transfer (CT) character with increasing number of DPA moieties and individual reversible oxidations for each DPA moiety. Thus, (DPA)-Per possesses one reversible oxidation while (DPA)\(_{4}\)-Per has four. The mono- and di-substituted derivatives display unusually large Stokes shifts not previously reported for perylenes. Furthermore, transient absorption measurements of the new derivatives reveal an excited state with lifetimes of several hundred microseconds, which sensitizes singlet oxygen with quantum yields of up to 0.83.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Ricker2023,
  author    = {Ricker, Robert},
  title     = {Synthesis, group 10 metal-catalyzed cyclization reactions and hydroboration of polyynes},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-28680},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-286801},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Bisdiynes undergo Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization, forming azulene and naphthalene products. When dibenzylideneacetone is present in the reaction, it undergoes a [2+2+2] cyclization with the bisdiyne, forming cyclohexadiene derivatives. Ni(0) catalyzes the [2+2+2] cycloaddition of diynes with tolanes towards alkynylated o-terphenyl derivatives. The D-A substituted products are solvatochromic, fluorescent dyes with high quantum yields and short lifetimes. Bis-triarylborane tetrayne dyes were synthesized in both neutral and tetracationic forms, as potential DNA/RNA sensor. Both molecules are weakly fluorescent in solution and exhibit characteristic alkyne absorptions in the Raman spectra. Tributyl phosphine catalyzes the trans-hydroboration of 1,3-butadiynes with HBpin. We confirmed experimentally via NMR and HRMS experiments, that phosphine attack on the diyne is a key step in the catalytic cycle.},
  subject      = {Polyine},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Ming2021,
  author    = {Ming, Wenbo},
  title     = {Synthesis of α‑Aminoboronates and PBP Pincer Palladium Boryl Complexes},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-19832},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-198323},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The first Borono-Strecker reaction has been developed to synthesize α-aminoboronates via a multicomponent reaction of readily available carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones), amines and B2pin2. The preparation of α-amino cyclic boronates can be achieved via multicomponent coupling of salicylaldehydes, amines, and B2(OH)4. In addition, the diazaborole-based PBP pincer palladium chloride and the diazaborole-based PBP pincer palladium trifluoromethanesulfonate complexes were synthesized and fully characterized for the first time, and used as catalysts for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@unpublished{CidHermannRadcliffeetal.2018,
  author    = {Cid, Jessica and Hermann, Alexander and Radcliffe, James E. and Curless, Liam D. and Braunschweig, Holger and Ingleson, Michael J.},
  title     = {Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Diboron(5) Compounds and Their Conversion to Diboron(5) Cations},
  series = {Organometallics},
  journal   = {Organometallics},
  doi       = {10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00288},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-164299},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Reaction of bis-catecholatodiboron-NHC adducts, B\(_2\)Cat\(_2\)(NHC), (NHC = IMe (tetramethylimidazol-2-ylidene), IMes (1,3-dimesitylimidazol-2-ylidene) or IDIPP (1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene)) with BCl3 results in the replacement of the catecholato group bound to the four coordinate boron with two chlorides to yield diboron(5) Lewis acid-base adducts of formula CatB-BCl\(_2\)(NHC). These compounds are precursors to diboron(5) monocations, accessed by adding AlCl\(_3\) or K[B(C\(_6\)F\(_5\))\(_4\)] as halide abstraction agents in the presence of a Lewis base. The substitution of the chlorides of CatB-BCl\(_2\)(NHC) for hydrides is achieved using Bu\(_3\)SnH and a halide abstracting agent to form 1,1-dihydrodiboron(5) compounds, CatB-BH\(_2\)(NHC). Attempts to generate diboron(4) monocations of formula [CatB-B(Y)(NHC)]\(^+\) (Y = Cl or H) led to the rapid formation of CatBY.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{TackeRafeinerStrohmannetal.1989,
  author    = {Tacke, Reinhold and Rafeiner, K. and Strohmann, C. and Mutschler, E. and Lambrecht, G.},
  title     = {Synthesis of the selective antimuscarinic agent 4-{[cyclohexylhydroxy(2-methoxyphenyl)silyl]methyl}-1,1-dimethylpiperazinium methyl sulfate (o-methoxy-sila-hexocyclium methyl sulfate)},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-63930},
  year      = {1989},
  abstract  = {The synthesis of the potent and highly selective silicon-containing antimuscarinic agent o-methoxysila- hexocyclium methyl sulfate and its corresponding tertiary amine (isolated as the dihydrochloride) is described. The quarternary compound is an omethoxy derivative of sila-hexocyclium methyl sulfate, which represents one of the tools currently used in experimental pharmacology for the subclassification of muscarinic receptors. The omethoxy derivative, the pharmacological profile of which differs substantially from tbat of the nonmethoxy compound, is also recommended as a tool for the investigation of muscarinic receptor heterogeneity.},
  subject      = {Anorganische Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Gluyas2012,
  author    = {Gluyas, Josef Bheinn George},
  title     = {Synthesis of Silicon-Based Drugs and Odourants},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-72182},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {This thesis concerns (i) the synthesis and olfactory characterisation of silicon-containing analogues of the musk odourant phantolide, (ii) the synthesis and pharmacological investigation of silicon-containing analogues of retinoids of the EC23 and TTNN type and (iii) the attempted syntheses of silicon-containing analogues of the antipsychotic penfluridol and the antidiarrhoeal agent loperamide. All target compounds and intermediates were characterised by multinuclear NMR studies (1H, 13C, 15N, 19F, 29Si) and elemental analyses or high-resolution mass spectrometry. Additionally, some of these compounds were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies.},
  subject      = {Silicium},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Daiss2004,
  author    = {Daiß, J{\"u}rgen Oliver},
  title     = {Synthesis of sila-analogs and silicon-containing derivatives of drugs and development and application of the Si-2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl moiety as a novel protecting group in organosilicon chemistry},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-11187},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The present work describes the synthesis of sila-venlafaxine, disila-bexarotene, disila-AG-045572 (disila-CMPD1), a series of silicon-based allosteric modulators of muscarinic receptors, and a partial synthesis of sila-gabapentin. Crystal structure data of rac-sila-venlafaxine hydrochloride, (R)-sila-venlafaxine hydrobromide, bexarotene, disila-bexarotene, and disila-AG-045572 (disila-CMPD1) are included. Studies on the biological activities of sila-venlafaxine and of silicon-based allosteric modulators of muscarinic receptors are discussed. The Si-2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl (Si-2,4,6-TMOP) moiety is described as a novel, acid-labile protecting group in organosilicon chemistry. The synthesis of chlorotris(chloromethyl)silane and tris(chloromethyl)methoxysilane is described.},
  subject      = {Wirkstoff},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{JarreHeyerMemmeletal.2014,
  author    = {Jarre, Gerald and Heyer, Steffen and Memmel, Elisabeth and Meinhardt, Thomas and Krueger, Anke},
  title     = {Synthesis of nanodiamond derivatives carrying amino functions and quantification by a modified Kaiser test},
  series = {Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry},
  issn      = {1860-5397},
  doi       = {10.3762/bjoc.10.288},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-118199},
  pages     = {2729-2737},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Nanodiamonds functionalized with different organic moieties carrying terminal amino groups have been synthesized. These include conjugates generated by Diels-Alder reactions of ortho-quinodimethanes formed in situ from pyrazine and 5,6-dihydrocyclobuta[d]pyrimidine derivatives. For the quantification of primary amino groups a modified photometric assay based on the Kaiser test has been developed and validated for different types of aminated nanodiamond. The results correspond well to values obtained by thermogravimetry. The method represents an alternative wet-chemical quantification method in cases where other techniques like elemental analysis fail due to unfavourable combustion behaviour of the analyte or other impediments.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Pai2014,
  author    = {Pai, Sandesh},
  title     = {Synthesis of manganese tricarbonyl PhotoCORM conjugates - from small molecules to peptides and dendrimers},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-104824},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Novel manganese(I) tricarbonyl complexes based on the tridentate bis(pyrazolyl)ethylamine (bpea) ligand with pendant functionalized phenyl groups were synthesized and conjugated to biological carrier systems like peptides and dendrimers. Their dark stability establishes them as CORM prodrugs. The monomers show a faster CO-release compared to the peptide and dendrimer conjugates. However, both monomers and peptide conjugates release two equivalents of CO upon photoactivation at 365 nm. The dendrimer conjugates can deliver up to seven equivalents of CO due to the higher number of Mn(CO)3 moieties per molecular unit. In the future, the biological activity of the conjugates needs to be further explored to establish the targeted delivery of CO to cells and tissues.},
  subject      = {Mangankomplexe},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FergerBergerRauchetal.2021,
  author    = {Ferger, Matthias and Berger, Sarina M. and Rauch, Florian and Sch{\"o}nitz, Markus and R{\"u}he, Jessica and Krebs, Johannes and Friedrich, Alexandra and Marder, Todd B.},
  title     = {Synthesis of Highly Functionalizable Symmetrically and Unsymmetrically Substituted Triarylboranes from Bench-Stable Boron Precursors},
  series = {Chemistry—A European Journal},
  volume    = {27},
  journal   = {Chemistry—A European Journal},
  number    = {35},
  doi       = {10.1002/chem.202100632},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-256827},
  pages     = {9094-9101},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {A novel and convenient methodology for the one-pot synthesis of sterically congested triarylboranes by using bench-stable aryltrifluoroborates as the boron source is reported. This procedure gives systematic access to symmetrically and unsymmetrically substituted triarylboranes of the types BAr\(_{2}\)Ar' and BArAr'Ar'', respectively. Three unsymmetrically substituted triarylboranes as well as their iridium-catalyzed C-H borylation products are reported. These borylated triarylboranes contain one to three positions that can subsequently be orthogonally functionalized in follow-up reactions, such as Suzuki-Miyaura cross-couplings or Sonogashira couplings.},
  language  = {en}
}
@unpublished{BruecknerArrowsmithHessetal.2019,
  author    = {Br{\"u}ckner, Tobias and Arrowsmith, Merle and Heß, Merlin and Hammond, Kai and M{\"u}ller, Marcel and Braunschweig, Holger},
  title     = {Synthesis of fused B,N-heterocycles by alkyne cleavage, NHC ring-expansion and C-H activation at a diboryne},
  series = {Chemical Communications},
  journal   = {Chemical Communications},
  doi       = {10.1039/C9CC02657F},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-184899},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The addition of alkynes to a staturated N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-supported diboryne results in spontaneous cycloaddition, with complete B≡B and C≡C triple bond cleavage, NHC ring- expansion and activation of a variety of C-H bonds, leading to the formation of complex mixtures of fused B,N-heterocycles.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AnsellKostakisBraunschweigetal.2016,
  author    = {Ansell, Melvyn B. and Kostakis, George E. and Braunschweig, Holger and Navarro, Oscar and Spencer, John},
  title     = {Synthesis of functionalized hydrazines: facile homogeneous (N-heterocyclic carbene)-palladium(0)-catalyzed diboration and silaboration of azobenzenes},
  series = {Advanced Synthesis \& Catalysis},
  volume    = {358},
  journal   = {Advanced Synthesis \& Catalysis},
  number    = {23},
  doi       = {10.1002/adsc.201601106},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-186582},
  pages     = {3765-3769},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The bis(N-heterocyclic carbene)(diphenylacetylene)palladium complex Pd(ITMe)\(_2\)(PhCCPh)] (ITMe=1,3,4,5-tetramethylimidazol-2-ylidene) acts as a highly active pre-catalyst in the diboration and silaboration of azobenzenes to synthesize a series of novel functionalized hydrazines. The reactions proceed using commercially available diboranes and silaboranes under mild reaction conditions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BruecknerHessStennettetal.2021,
  author    = {Br{\"u}ckner, Tobias and Heß, Merlin and Stennett, Tom E. and Rempel, Anna and Braunschweig, Holger},
  title     = {Synthesis of Boron Analogues of Enamines via Hydroamination of a Boron-Boron Triple Bond},
  series = {Angewandte Chemie, International Edition},
  volume    = {60},
  journal   = {Angewandte Chemie, International Edition},
  number    = {2},
  doi       = {10.1002/anie.202012101},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-240669},
  pages     = {736-741},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {An N-heterocyclic-carbene-stabilized diboryne undergoes rapid, high-yielding and catalyst-free hydroamina- tion reactions with primary amines, yielding 1-amino-2-hydro- diborenes, which can be considered boron analogues of enamines. The electronics of the organic substituent at nitrogen influence the structure and further reactivity of the diborene product. With electron-rich anilines, a second hydroamination can occur at the diborene to generate 1,1-diamino-2,2-dihy- drodiboranes. With isopropylamine, the electronic influence of the alkyl substituent upon the diborene leads to an unprece- dented boron-mediated intramolecular N-dearylation reaction of an N-heterocyclic carbene unit.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{TackeWagnerBrakmannetal.1993,
  author    = {Tacke, Reinhold and Wagner, S. A. and Brakmann, S. and Wuttke, F. and Eilert, U. and Fischer, L. and Syldatk, C.},
  title     = {Synthesis of acetyldimethyl(phenyl)silane and its enantioselective conversion into (R)-(1-hydroxyethyl)dimethyl(phenyl)silane by plant cell suspension culytures of Symphytum officinale L. and Ruta graveolens L.},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-64299},
  year      = {1993},
  abstract  = {Starting from chlorodimethyl(phenyl)silane (3), acetyldimethyl(phenyl)silane (l) was prepared by a two-step synthesis in a total yield of 90\% [PhMe\(_2\)SiCl (3)-> PhMe\(_2\)SiCCOMe)=CH\(_2\) (4)-> PhMe\(_2\)SiC(O)Me (1)]. The prochiral acetylsilane 1 was transfonned enantioselectively into (R)-(1-hydroxyethyl)dimethyl(phenyl)silane [(R)-2] using plant cell Suspension cultures of Symphytum officinale L. or Ruta graveolens L. Under preparative conditions (300-mg scale, not optimized), (R)-2 was isolated in 15\% (Symphytum) and 9\% yield (Ruta), respectively. The enantiomeric purities of the products were 81\% ee (Syrnphytum) and 60\% ee (Ruta), respectively.},
  subject      = {Anorganische Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KrebsHaehnelKrummenacheretal.2021,
  author    = {Krebs, Johannes and Haehnel, Martin and Krummenacher, Ivo and Friedrich, Alexandra and Braunschweig, Holger and Finze, Maik and Ji, Lei and Marder, Todd B.},
  title     = {Synthesis and Structure of an o-Carboranyl-Substituted Three-Coordinate Borane Radical Anion},
  series = {Chemistry—A European Journal},
  volume    = {27},
  journal   = {Chemistry—A European Journal},
  number    = {31},
  doi       = {10.1002/chem.202100938},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-256841},
  pages     = {8159-8167},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Bis(1-(4-tolyl)-carboran-2-yl)-(4-tolyl)-borane [(1-(4-MeC\(_{6}\)H\(_{4}\))-closo-1,2-C\(_{2}\)B\(_{10}\)H\(_{10}\)-2-)\(_{2}\)(4-MeC\(_{6}\)H\(_{4}\))B] (1), a new bis(o-carboranyl)-(R)-borane was synthesised by lithiation of the o-carboranyl precursor and subsequent salt metathesis reaction with (4-tolyl)BBr\(_{2}\). Cyclic voltammetry experiments on 1 show multiple distinct reduction events with a one-electron first reduction. In a selective reduction experiment the corresponding paramagnetic radical anion 1\(^{.-}\) was isolated and characterized. Single-crystal structure analyses allow an in-depth comparison of 1, 1\(^{.-}\), their calculated geometries, and the S\(_{1}\) excited state of 1. Photophysical studies of 1 show a charge transfer (CT) emission with low quantum yield in solution but a strong increase in the solid state. TD-DFT calculations were used to identify transition-relevant orbitals.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WildervanckHechtNowakKrol2022,
  author    = {Wildervanck, Martijn J. and Hecht, Reinhard and Nowak-Kr{\´o}l, Agnieszka},
  title     = {Synthesis and strong solvatochromism of push-pull thienylthiazole boron complexes},
  series = {Molecules},
  volume    = {27},
  journal   = {Molecules},
  number    = {17},
  issn      = {1420-3049},
  doi       = {10.3390/molecules27175510},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-286186},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {The solvatochromic behavior of two donor-π bridge-acceptor (D-π-A) compounds based on the 2-(3-boryl-2-thienyl)thiazole π-linker and indandione acceptor moiety are investigated. DFT/TD-DFT calculations were performed in combination with steady-state absorption and emission measurements, along with electrochemical studies, to elucidate the effect of two different strongly electron-donating hydrazonyl units on the solvatochromic and fluorescence behavior of these compounds. The Lippert-Mataga equation was used to estimate the change in dipole moments (Δµ) between ground and excited states based on the measured spectroscopic properties in solvents of varying polarity with the data being supported by theoretical studies. The two asymmetrical D-π-A molecules feature strong solvatochromic shifts in fluorescence of up to ~4300 cm\(^{-1}\) and a concomitant change of the emission color from yellow to red. These changes were accompanied by an increase in Stokes shift to reach values as large as ~5700-5800 cm\(^{-1}\). Quantum yields of ca. 0.75 could be observed for the N,N-dimethylhydrazonyl derivative in nonpolar solvents, which gradually decreased along with increasing solvent polarity, as opposed to the consistently reduced values obtained for the N,N-diphenylhydrazonyl derivative of up to ca. 0.20 in nonpolar solvents. These two push-pull molecules are contrasted with a structurally similar acceptor-π bridge-acceptor (A-π-A) compound.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Hagspiel2022,
  author    = {Hagspiel, Stephan Alexander},
  title     = {Synthesis and Reactivity of Pseudohalide-substituted Boranes and Borylenes},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-24945},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-249459},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {This work involves the synthesis and reactivity of pseudohalide-substituted boranes and borylenes. A series of compounds of the type (CAAC)BR2Y (CAAC = cyclic alkyl(amino)carbene; R = H, Br; Y = CN, NCS, PCO) were prepared first. The two-electron reduction of (CAAC)BBr2Y (Y = CN, NCS) in the presence of a second Lewis base L (L = N-heterocyclic carbene) resulted in the formation of the corresponding doubly Lewis base-stabilized pseudohaloborylenes (CAAC)(L)BY. These borylenes show versatile reactivity patterns, including their oxidation to the corresponding radical cations, coordination via the respective pseudohalide substituent to group 6 metal carbonyl complexes, as well as a boron-centered protonation with Br{\o}nsted acids to boronium cations. Reduction of (CAAC)BBr2(NCS) in the absence of a second donor ligand, led to the formation of boron-doped thiazolothiazoles via reductive dimerization of two isothiocyanatoborylenes. These B,N,S-heterocycles possess a low degree of aromaticity as well as interesting photophysical properties and can furthermore be protonated as well as hydroborated. Additionally, CAAC adducts of the parent boraphosphaketene (CAAC)BH2(PCO) could be prepared, which readily reacted with boroles [Ph4BR'] (R' = aryl) via decarbonylation in a ring expansion reaction. The obtained 1,2-phosphaborinines represent B,P-isosteres of benzene and consequently could be coordinated to metal carbonyl complexes of the chromium triade via η6-coordination, resulting in new half-sandwich complexes thereof.},
  subject      = {Borylene},
  language  = {en}
}