@phdthesis{Akhrif2020,
  author    = {Akhrif, Atae},
  title     = {The BOLD Signal is more than a Brain Activation Index},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-20729},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-207299},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {In the recent years, translational studies comparing imaging data of animals and humans have gained increasing scientific interests with crucial findings stemming from both, human and animal work. In order to harmonize statistical analyses of data from different species and to optimize the transfer of knowledge between them, shared data acquisition protocols and combined statistical approaches have to be identified. Following this idea, methods of data analysis, which have until now mainly been used to model neural responses of electrophysiological recordings from rodent data, were applied on human hemodynamic responses (i.e. Blood-Oxygen-Level-Dependent BOLD signal) as measured via functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). At the example of two attention and impulsivity networks, timing dynamics and amplitude of the fMRI signal were determined (study 1). Study 2 described the same parameters frequency-specifically, and in study 3, the complexity of neural processing was quantified in terms of fractality. Determined parameters were compared with regard to the subjects' task performance / impulsivity to validate findings with regard to reports of the current scientific debate. In a general discussion, overlapping as well as additional information of methodological approaches were discussed with regard to its potential for biomarkers in the context of neuropsychiatric disorders.},
  subject      = {funktionelle Kernspintomographie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AkhundzadahSoltaniAich2020,
  author    = {Akhundzadah, Noor Ahmad and Soltani, Salim and Aich, Valentin},
  title     = {Impacts of climate change on the water resources of the Kunduz River Basin, Afghanistan},
  series = {Climate},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Climate},
  number    = {10},
  issn      = {2225-1154},
  doi       = {10.3390/cli8100102},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-213199},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The Kunduz River is one of the main tributaries of the Amu Darya Basin in North Afghanistan. Many communities live in the Kunduz River Basin (KRB), and its water resources have been the basis of their livelihoods for many generations. This study investigates climate change impacts on the KRB catchment. Rare station data are, for the first time, used to analyze systematic trends in temperature, precipitation, and river discharge over the past few decades, while using Mann-Kendall and Theil-Sen trend statistics. The trends show that the hydrology of the basin changed significantly over the last decades. A comparison of landcover data of the river basin from 1992 and 2019 shows significant changes that have additional impact on the basin hydrology, which are used to interpret the trend analysis. There is considerable uncertainty due to the data scarcity and gaps in the data, but all results indicate a strong tendency towards drier conditions. An extreme warming trend, partly above 2 °C since the 1960s in combination with a dramatic precipitation decrease by more than -30\% lead to a strong decrease in river discharge. The increasing glacier melt compensates the decreases and leads to an increase in runoff only in the highland parts of the upper catchment. The reduction of water availability and the additional stress on the land leads to a strong increase of barren land and a reduction of vegetation cover. The detected trends and changes in the basin hydrology demand an active management of the already scarce water resources in order to sustain water supply for agriculture and ecosystems in the KRB.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{AlYousef2020,
  author    = {Al Yousef, Yousef},
  title     = {Retrospektiver Vergleich eines trabekul{\"a}ren Bypass Stents der zweiten Generation (iStent inject) zur ab-interno Trabekulektomie (Trabectome) mittels Exact Matching},
  publisher = {Graefs Archiv for clinical and experimental ophthalmology},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-21662},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-216623},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Abstract Purpose To achieve a highly balanced comparison of trabecular bypass stenting (IS2, iStent inject) with ab interno trabeculectomy (T, Trabectome) by exact matching. Methods Fifty-three IS2 eyes were matched to 3446 T eyes. Patients were matched using exact matching by baseline intraocular pressure (IOP), the number of glaucoma medications, and glaucoma type, and using nearest neighbor matching by age. Individuals without a close match were excluded. All surgeries were combined with phacoemulsification. Results A total of 78 eyes (39 in each group) could be matched as exact pairs with a baseline IOP of 18.3 ± 5.1 mmHg and glaucoma medications of 2.7 ± 1.2 in each. IOP in IS2 was reduced to 14.6 ± 4.2 mmHg at 3 months and in T to a minimum of 13.1 ± 3.2 mmHg at 1 month. In IS2, IOP began to rise again at 6 months, eventually exceeding baseline. At 24 months, IOP in IS2 was 18.8 ± 9.0 mmHg and in T 14.2 ± 3.5 mmHg. IS2 had a higher average IOP than T at all postoperative visits (p < 0.05 at 1, 12, 18 months). Glaucoma medications decreased to 2.0 ± 1.5 in IS2 and to 1.5 ± 1.4 in T. Conclusion T resulted in a larger and sustained IOP reduction compared with IS2 where a rebound occurred after 6 months to slightly above preoperative values.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{AlNasser2020,
  author    = {Al-Nasser, Mohammed Mohammed Ali},
  title     = {Vergleich der peroralen endoskopischen Myotomie (POEM) und der laparoskopischen Heller Myotomie (LHM) in der Therapie der prim{\"a}r idiopathischen Achalasie und anderer {\"O}sophagusmotilit{\"a}tsst{\"o}rungen},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-20431},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-204319},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Hier wird {\"u}ber den objektiven Vergleich der Kurz- und Langzeitergebnisse, die mit der laparoskopischen Heller-Myotomie plus Dor-Fundoplikatio (LHM + Dor) und der per-oralen endoskopischen Myotomie (POEM) an einer einzigen Institution erzielt wurden und {\"u}ber die Entwicklung eines "maßgeschneiderten Ansatzes" berichtet. Die laparosko-pischen Heller Myotomie (LHM) gilt aktuell als das Standardverfahren zur Therapie der Achalasie. Die perorale endoskopische Myotomie (POEM) bietet eine neue Alternative zur Durchf{\"u}hrung der Heller-Myotomie auf endoskopischem und natural orifice translu-minal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) Wege. Wir berichten {\"u}ber unsere unselektierte konsekutive Patientenserien (n = 238), die zwi-schen 2009 und 2017 entweder einer LHM + Dor Prozedur (n = 100) oder einer POEM Operation (n = 138) unterzogen wurden. Es gab keine Unterschiede hinsichtlich des Behandlungserfolgs (Eckardt-Score ≤ 3) nach 3 - 6 Monaten (LHM: 90,1\% vs. POEM: 90,5\%; p = 0,735), 12 Monate (LHM 84,4\% vs. POEM 84,0\%; p = 0,766 und> 2 Jahre (LHM 81,1\% vs. POEM 79,2\%; p = 0,432). Die Verbesserung der Lebensqualit{\"a}t (GIQLI-Score) und die Patientenzufriedenheit waren in beiden Gruppen ebenfalls ver-gleichbar gut (~ 90\%) und zu jedem Zeitpunkt der Nachbeobachtung. Refluxraten sind ebenfalls {\"a}hnlich (Sodbrennen LHM: 32,9\% vs. POEM: 30,1\%; {\"O}sophagitis LHM: 16,3\% vs. POEM: 14,6\%; PPI-Aufnahme 21,2\% vs. 32,5\%, pathologischer pH-Wert -Meter-LHM: 8,8\% vs. POEM: 23,3\%) ohne Signifikanz der Unterschiede. Die „maßgeschneiderte Verfahrenswahl POEM vs. LHM" k{\"o}nnte geeignet sein und sollte in weiteren Studien weiter untersucht werden.},
  subject      = {Achalasie},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Alkhargi2020,
  author    = {Alkhargi, Manuel},
  title     = {Cancer And Living Meaningfully: eine qualitative Studie zur Treatment Integrity der CALM-Therapie im Vergleich zu einer Kontrollbedingung},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-19939},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-199390},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Hintergrund: Circa ein Drittel der Patientinnen und Patienten mit fortgeschrittenen Krebserkrankungen ist von psychischen Komorbidit{\"a}ten betroffen und circa die H{\"a}lfte weist eine psychische Belastung im klinisch signifikanten Bereich auf. Zur psychotherapeutischen Behandlung dieser Patientengruppe stehen unterschiedliche psychotherapeutische Interventionen zur Verf{\"u}gung. Die CALM-Therapie, eine manualisierte Kurzintervention im Einzelsetting, ist eine dieser Interventionen. Hier bilden vier Module, welche auf den wichtigsten Anliegen und Belastungsfaktoren von Patientinnen und Patienten mit fortgeschrittenen Krebserkrankungen basieren, den inhaltlichen Rahmen. Ziel: Die Treatment Integrity beschreibt das Maß, inwieweit eine psychotherapeutische Intervention wie vorgesehen umgesetzt wurde. F{\"u}r eine fundierte Interpretation psychotherapeutischer Interventionseffekte sind Kenntnisse {\"u}ber die Treatment Integrity entscheidend. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersuchte Teilaspekte der Treatment Integrity durchgef{\"u}hrter CALM-Therapien im Vergleich zu durchgef{\"u}hrten konventionellen psychoonkologischen Therapien, um einen Beitrag zu einer fundierten Interpretation von Interventionseffekten der CALM-Therapie zu leisten. Methoden: Transkriptionen von zwei CALM-Therapien und zwei Therapien einer konventionellen psychoonkologischen Intervention wurden anhand einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach P. Mayring untersucht. Im Zentrum stand hierbei ein selbst entwickeltes Kategoriensystem zur Analyse des gesamten Textmaterials. Zus{\"a}tzlich wurden Auff{\"a}lligkeiten bez{\"u}glich Ansprachen von Themenbereichen der CALM-Module unsystematisch beobachtet. Ergebnisse: Die Inhalte der untersuchten CALM-Therapien bezogen sich durchschnittlich zu 99,54\% und die der konventionellen psychoonkologischen Therapien durchschnittlich zu 98,71\% auf die Themenbereiche der CALM-Module. Die ermittelten Werte f{\"u}r einzelne Therapiesitzungen lagen f{\"u}r CALM-Sitzungen zwischen 98,12\% und 100\% und f{\"u}r Sitzungen der konventionellen psychoonkologischen Therapie zwischen 96,20\% und 100\%. Unsystematisch beobachtete Auff{\"a}lligkeiten zeigten, dass die Themenbereiche der CALM-Module zum Teil sehr spezifisch durch die CALM-Therapeutinnen und -Therapeuten angesprochen und vernetzt wurden. Schlussfolgerung: Unter Ber{\"u}cksichtigung von methodischen Grenzen zeigte sich bez{\"u}glich des Anteils von Themenbereichen der CALM-Module innerhalb der beiden untersuchten Therapiegruppen kein maßgeblicher Unterschied. Zus{\"a}tzlich liefert die vorliegende Arbeit Hinweise f{\"u}r einen spezifischen therapeutischen Umgang mit den Themenbereichen der CALM-Module innerhalb der untersuchten CALM-Therapien. Um ermittelte Interventionseffekte der CALM-Therapie fundiert interpretieren zu k{\"o}nnen, sollten zuk{\"u}nftige Untersuchungen unterschiedliche Umgangsweisen von Therapeutinnen und Therapeuten der beiden Therapiegruppen mit den Themenbereichen der CALM-Module genauer in den Blick nehmen.},
  subject      = {Psychoonkologie},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{AlonsoCanizal2020,
  author    = {Alonso Ca{\~n}izal, Maria Consuelo},
  title     = {Detection of ligand dependent Frizzled conformational changes},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-17833},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-178335},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Frizzled (FZD) are highly conserved receptors that belong to class F of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily. They are involved in a great variety of processes during embryonic development, organogenesis, and adult tissue homeostasis. In particular, FZD5 is an important therapeutic target due to its involvement in several pathologies, such as tumorigenesis. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the activation of FZD receptors and the signal initiation, and their GPCR nature has been debated. In order to investigate the activation mechanism of these receptors, FRET (F{\"o}rster Resonance Energy Transfer)-based biosensors for FZD5 have been developed and characterized. A cyan fluorescent protein (CFP) was fused to the C-terminus of the receptor and the specific FlAsH-binding sequence (CCPGCC) was inserted within the 2nd or the 3rd intracellular loop. Single-cell FRET experiments performed using one of these sensors, V5-mFZD5-FlAsH436-CFP, reported structural rearrangements in FZD5 upon stimulation with the endogenous ligand WNT-5A. These movements are similar to those observed in other GPCRs using the same technique, which suggests an activation mechanism for FZD reminiscent of GPCRs. Furthermore, stimulation of the FZD5 FRET-based sensor with various recombinant WNT proteins in a microplate FRET reader allowed to obtain concentration-response curves for several ligands, being possible to distinguish between full and partial agonists. This technology allowed to address the selectivity between WNTs and FZD5 using a full-length receptor in living cells. In addition, G protein FRET-based sensors revealed that WNT-5A specifically induced Gαq activation mediated by FZD5, but not Gαi activation. Other WNT proteins were also able to induce Gαq activation, but with lower efficacy than WNT-5A. In addition, a dual DAG/calcium sensor further showed that WNT-5A stimulation led to the activation of the Gαq-dependent signaling pathway mediated by FZD5, which outcome was the activation of Protein Kinase C (PKC) and the release of intracellular calcium. Altogether, these data provide evidence that the activation process of FZD5 resembles the general characteristics of class A and B GPCR activation, and this receptor also mediates the activation of the heterotrimeric Gαq protein and its downstream signaling pathway. In addition, the FZD5 receptor FRET-based sensor provides a valuable tool to characterize the pharmacological properties of WNTs and other potential ligands for this receptor.},
  subject      = {Fluoreszenz-Resonanz-Energie-Transfer},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AltieriDiDatoModicaetal.2020,
  author    = {Altieri, Barbara and Di Dato, Carla and Modica, Roberta and Bottiglieri, Filomena and Di Sarno, Antonella and Pittaway, James F.H. and Martini, Chiara and Faggiano, Antongiulio and Colao, Annamaria},
  title     = {Bone metabolism and vitamin D implication in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors},
  series = {Nutrients},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Nutrients},
  number    = {4},
  issn      = {2072-6643},
  doi       = {10.3390/nu12041021},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-203823},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Patients affected by gastroenteropancreatic-neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) have an increased risk of developing osteopenia and osteoporosis, as several factors impact on bone metabolism in these patients. In fact, besides the direct effect of bone metastasis, bone health can be affected by hormone hypersecretion (including serotonin, cortisol, and parathyroid hormone-related protein), specific microRNAs, nutritional status (which in turn could be affected by medical and surgical treatments), and vitamin D deficiency. In patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), a hereditary syndrome associated with NET occurrence, bone damage may carry other consequences. Osteoporosis may negatively impact on the quality of life of these patients and can increment the cost of medical care since these patients usually live with their disease for a long time. However, recommendations suggesting screening to assess bone health in GEP-NET patients are missing. The aim of this review is to critically analyze evidence on the mechanisms that could have a potential impact on bone health in patients affected by GEP-NET, focusing on vitamin D and its role in GEP-NET, as well as on factors associated with MEN1 that could have an impact on bone homeostasis.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AltieriSbieraHerterichetal.2020,
  author    = {Altieri, Barbara and Sbiera, Silviu and Herterich, Sabine and De Francia, Silvia and Della Casa, Silvia and Calabrese, Anna and Pontecorvi, Alfredo and Quinkler, Marcus and Kienitz, Tina and Mannelli, Massimo and Canu, Letizia and Angelousi, Anna and Chortis, Vasileios and Kroiss, Matthias and Terzolo, Massimo and Fassnacht, Martin and Ronchi, Cristina L.},
  title     = {Effects of Germline CYP2W1*6 and CYP2B6*6 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms on Mitotane Treatment in Adrenocortical Carcinoma: A Multicenter ENSAT Study},
  series = {Cancers},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Cancers},
  number    = {2},
  issn      = {2072-6694},
  doi       = {10.3390/cancers12020359},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-200565},
  pages     = {359},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Mitotane is the only approved drug for advanced adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) and no biomarkers are available to predict attainment of therapeutic plasma concentrations and clinical response. Aim of the study was to evaluate the suitability of cytochrome P450(CYP)2W1 and CYP2B6 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as biomarkers. A multicenter cohort study including 182 ACC patients (F/M = 121/61) treated with mitotane monotherapy after radical resection (group A, n = 103) or in not completely resectable, recurrent or advanced disease (group B, n = 79) was performed. CYP2W1*2, CYP2W1*6, CYP2B6*6 and CYP2B6 rs4803419 were genotyped in germline DNA. Mitotane blood levels were measured regularly. Response to therapy was evaluated as time to progression (TTP) and disease control rate (DCR). Among investigated SNPs, CYP2W1*6 and CYP2B6*6 correlated with mitotane treatment only in group B. Patients with CYP2W1*6 (n = 21) achieved less frequently therapeutic mitotane levels (>14 mg/L) than those with wild type (WT) allele (76.2\% vs 51.7\%, p = 0.051) and experienced shorter TTP (HR = 2.10, p = 0.019) and lower DCR (chi-square = 6.948, p = 0.008). By contrast, 55\% of patients with CYP2B6*6 vs. 28.2\% WT (p = 0.016) achieved therapeutic range. Combined, a higher rate of patients with CYP2W1*6WT+CYP2B6*6 (60.6\%) achieved mitotane therapeutic range (p = 0.034). In not completely resectable, recurrent or advanced ACC, CYP2W1*6 SNP was associated with a reduced probability to reach mitotane therapeutic range and lower response rates, whereas CYP2B6*6 correlated with higher mitotane levels. The association of these SNPs may predict individual response to mitotane.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AlzheimerSvenssonKoenigetal.2020,
  author    = {Alzheimer, Mona and Svensson, Sarah L. and K{\"o}nig, Fabian and Schweinlin, Matthias and Metzger, Marco and Walles, Heike and Sharma, Cynthia M.},
  title     = {A three-dimensional intestinal tissue model reveals factors and small regulatory RNAs important for colonization with Campylobacter jejuni},
  series = {PLoS Pathogens},
  volume    = {16},
  journal   = {PLoS Pathogens},
  number    = {2},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.ppat.1008304},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-229454},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The Gram-negative Epsilonproteobacterium Campylobacter jejuni is currently the most prevalent bacterial foodborne pathogen. Like for many other human pathogens, infection studies with C. jejuni mainly employ artificial animal or cell culture models that can be limited in their ability to reflect the in-vivo environment within the human host. Here, we report the development and application of a human three-dimensional (3D) infection model based on tissue engineering to study host-pathogen interactions. Our intestinal 3D tissue model is built on a decellularized extracellular matrix scaffold, which is reseeded with human Caco-2 cells. Dynamic culture conditions enable the formation of a polarized mucosal epithelial barrier reminiscent of the 3D microarchitecture of the human small intestine. Infection with C. jejuni demonstrates that the 3D tissue model can reveal isolate-dependent colonization and barrier disruption phenotypes accompanied by perturbed localization of cell-cell junctions. Pathogenesis-related phenotypes of C. jejuni mutant strains in the 3D model deviated from those obtained with 2D-monolayers, but recapitulated phenotypes previously observed in animal models. Moreover, we demonstrate the involvement of a small regulatory RNA pair, CJnc180/190, during infections and observe different phenotypes of CJnc180/190 mutant strains in 2D vs. 3D infection models. Hereby, the CJnc190 sRNA exerts its pathogenic influence, at least in part, via repression of PtmG, which is involved in flagellin modification. Our results suggest that the Caco-2 cell-based 3D tissue model is a valuable and biologically relevant tool between in-vitro and in-vivo infection models to study virulence of C. jejuni and other gastrointestinal pathogens.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AmeriSchiattarellaCrottietal.2020,
  author    = {Ameri, Pietro and Schiattarella, Gabriele Giacomo and Crotti, Lia and Torchio, Margherita and Bertero, Edoardo and Rodolico, Daniele and Forte, Maurizio and Di Mauro, Vittoria and Paolillo, Roberta and Chimenti, Cristina and Torella, Daniele and Catalucci, Daniele and Sciarretta, Sebastiano and Basso, Cristina and Indolfi, Ciro and Perrino, Cinzia},
  title     = {Novel basic science insights to improve the management of heart failure: Review of the working group on cellular and molecular biology of the heart of the Italian Society of Cardiology},
  series = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
  volume    = {21},
  journal   = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
  number    = {4},
  issn      = {1422-0067},
  doi       = {10.3390/ijms21041192},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-285085},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Despite important advances in diagnosis and treatment, heart failure (HF) remains a syndrome with substantial morbidity and dismal prognosis. Although implementation and optimization of existing technologies and drugs may lead to better management of HF, new or alternative strategies are desirable. In this regard, basic science is expected to give fundamental inputs, by expanding the knowledge of the pathways underlying HF development and progression, identifying approaches that may improve HF detection and prognostic stratification, and finding novel treatments. Here, we discuss recent basic science insights that encompass major areas of translational research in HF and have high potential clinical impact.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AndreskaLueningschroerSendtner2020,
  author    = {Andreska, Thomas and L{\"u}ningschr{\"o}r, Patrick and Sendtner, Michael},
  title     = {Regulation of TrkB cell surface expression — a mechanism for modulation of neuronal responsiveness to brain-derived neurotrophic factor},
  series = {Cell and Tissue Research},
  volume    = {382},
  journal   = {Cell and Tissue Research},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00441-020-03224-7},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-235055},
  pages     = {5-14},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Neurotrophin signaling via receptor tyrosine kinases is essential for the development and function of the nervous system in vertebrates. TrkB activation and signaling show substantial differences to other receptor tyrosine kinases of the Trk family that mediate the responses to nerve growth factor and neurotrophin-3. Growing evidence suggests that TrkB cell surface expression is highly regulated and determines the sensitivity of neurons to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). This translocation of TrkB depends on co-factors and modulators of cAMP levels, N-glycosylation, and receptor transactivation. This process can occur in very short time periods and the resulting rapid modulation of target cell sensitivity to BDNF could represent a mechanism for fine-tuning of synaptic plasticity and communication in complex neuronal networks. This review focuses on those modulatory mechanisms in neurons that regulate responsiveness to BDNF via control of TrkB surface expression.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AngermannAssmusAnkeretal.2020,
  author    = {Angermann, Christiane E. and Assmus, Birgit and Anker, Stefan D. and Asselbergs, Folkert W. and Brachmann, Johannes and Brett, Marie-Elena and Brugts, Jasper J. and Ertl, Georg and Ginn, Greg and Hilker, Lutz and Koehler, Friedrich and Rosenkranz, Stephan and Zhou, Qian and Adamson, Philip B. and B{\"o}hm, Michael},
  title     = {Pulmonary artery pressure-guided therapy in ambulatory patients with symptomatic heart failure: the CardioMEMS European Monitoring Study for Heart Failure (MEMS-HF)},
  series = {European Journal of Heart Failure},
  volume    = {22},
  journal   = {European Journal of Heart Failure},
  number    = {10},
  doi       = {10.1002/ejhf.1943},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-218061},
  pages     = {1891 -- 1901},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Aims Heart failure (HF) leads to repeat hospitalisations and reduces the duration and quality of life. Pulmonary artery pressure (PAP)-guided HF management using the CardioMEMS™ HF system was shown to be safe and reduce HF hospitalisation (HFH) rates in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III patients. However, these findings have not been replicated in health systems outside the United States. Therefore, the CardioMEMS European Monitoring Study for Heart Failure (MEMS-HF) evaluated the safety, feasibility, and performance of this device in Germany, The Netherlands, and Ireland. Methods and results A total of 234 NYHA class III patients (68 ± 11 years, 22\% female, ≥1 HFH in the preceding year) from 31 centres were implanted with a CardioMEMS sensor and underwent PAP-guided HF management. One-year rates of freedom from device- or system-related complications and from sensor failure (co-primary outcomes) were 98.3\% [95\% confidence interval (CI) 95.8-100.0] and 99.6\% (95\% CI 97.6-100.0), respectively. Survival rate was 86.2\%. For the 12 months post- vs. pre-implant, HFHs decreased by 62\% (0.60 vs. 1.55 events/patient-year; hazard ratio 0.38, 95\% CI 0.31-0.48; P < 0.0001). After 12 months, mean PAP decreased by 5.1 ± 7.4 mmHg, Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) overall/clinical summary scores increased from 47.0 ± 24.0/51.2 ± 24.8 to 60.5 ± 24.3/62.4 ± 24.1 (P < 0.0001), and the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire sum score improved from 8.7 ± 5.9 to 6.3 ± 5.1 (P < 0.0001). Conclusion Haemodynamic-guided HF management proved feasible and safe in the health systems of Germany, The Netherlands, and Ireland. Physician-directed treatment modifications based on remotely obtained PAP values were associated with fewer HFH, sustainable PAP decreases, marked KCCQ improvements, and remission of depressive symptoms.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{AngnideBielitskaBorchertetal.2020,
  author    = {Angnide, Enarile and Bielitska, Iryna and Borchert, Leon and Braun, Louisa and B{\"u}hler, Pascal and Chen, Xinyue and Ho, Katherina and Hofmann, Lena and Kebekus, Melvin and Kubsch, Torbj{\"o}rn and Li, Alexander and Lin, Simon and Mischer, Andreas and Mogus, Mateja and Schmid, Fabian and Schneidawind, Luisa and Voss, Manuela and Wilson, Claire and Wieteska, Filip and Yu, Linda},
  title     = {Chinese Entanglements in Lower Franconian Business},
  editor    = {Lindner, Jonas and Fischer, Doris},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-20987},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-209876},
  pages     = {219},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Using own survey data and interviews, this study analyzes how businesses in Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) are entangled with China. Starting with a bird's-eye-view of the current situation, the study goes on to provide valuable insights from five specific industries. The study shows that a majority of the analyzed firms have some sort of ties to China, be it through Chinese customers, import/export activities, or else.},
  subject      = {China},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Anneser2020,
  author    = {Anneser, Katrin},
  title     = {Elektrochemische Doppelschichtkondensatoren zur Stabilisierung fluktuierender photovoltaischer Leistung},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-19933},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-199339},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Der Ausbau der regenerativen Energiequellen f{\"u}hrt vermehrt zu unvorhersehbaren Schwankungen der erzeugten Leistung, da Windkraft und Photovoltaik von nat{\"u}rlichen Bedingungen abh{\"a}ngen. Gerade Kurzzeitfluktuationen im Sekunden- bis Minutenbereich, die bei Solarzellen durch die Verschattung von vor{\"u}berziehenden Wolken zustande kommen, wird bislang wenig Beachtung geschenkt. Kurzzeitspeicher m{\"u}ssen eine hohe Zyklenstabilit{\"a}t aufweisen, um zur Gl{\"a}ttung dieser Leistungsfluktuationen in Frage zu kommen. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Dissertation wurden elektrochemische Doppelschichtkondensatoren f{\"u}r die Kopplung mit Siliziumsolarzellen und organischen Solarmodulen mit Hilfe von Simulationen und Messungen untersucht. Zus{\"a}tzlich wurden grundlegende Fragestellungen zur Prozessierung und Alterung von Doppelschichtkondensatoren im Hinblick auf ein in der Literatur bereits diskutiertes System betrachtet, das beide Komponenten in einem Bauteil integriert - den sogenannten photocapacitor. Um die Druckbarkeit des gesamten elektrochemischen Doppelschichtkondensators zu erm{\"o}glichen, wurde der konventionell verwendete Fl{\"u}ssigelektrolyt durch einen Polymer-Gel-Elektrolyten auf Basis von Polyvinylalkohol und einer S{\"a}ure ersetzt. Durch eine Verbesserung der Prozessierung konnte ein gr{\"o}ßerer Anteil der spezifischen Fl{\"a}che der por{\"o}sen Kohlenstoffelektroden vom Elektrolyten benetzt und somit zur Speicherung genutzt werden. Die Untersuchungen zeigen, dass mit Polymer-Gel-Elektrolyten {\"a}hnliche Kapazit{\"a}ten erreicht werden wie mit Fl{\"u}ssigelektrolyten. Im Hinblick auf die Anwendung im gekoppelten System muss der elektrochemische Doppelschichtkondensator den gleichen Umweltbedingungen hinsichtlich Temperatur und Luftfeuchte standhalten wie die Solarzelle. Hierzu wurden umfangreiche Alterungstests durchgef{\"u}hrt und festgestellt, dass die Kapazit{\"a}t zwar bei Austrocknung des wasserhaltigen Polymer-Gel-Elektrolyten sinkt, bei einer Wiederbefeuchtung aber auch eine Regeneration des Speichers erfolgt. Zur passenden Auslegung des elektrochemischen Doppelschichtkondensators wurde eine detaillierte Analyse der Leistungsfluktuationen durchgef{\"u}hrt, die mit einem eigens entwickelten MPP-Messger{\"a}t an organischen Solarmodulen gemessen wurden. Anhand der Daten wurde analysiert, welche Energiemengen f{\"u}r welche Zeit im Kurzzeitspeicher zwischengespeichert werden m{\"u}ssen, um eine effiziente Gl{\"a}ttung der ins Netz einzuspeisenden Leistung zu erreichen. Aus der Statistik der Fluktuationen wurde eine Kapazit{\"a}t berechnet, die als Richtwert in die Simulationen einging und dann mit anderen Kapazit{\"a}ten verglichen wurde. Neben einem idealen MPP-Tracking f{\"u}r verschiedene Arten von Solarzellen und Beleuchtungsprofilen konnte die Simulation auch die Kopplung aus Solarzelle und elektrochemischem Doppelschichtkondensator mit zwei verschiedenen Betriebsstrategien nachbilden. Zum einen wurde ein fester Lastwiderstand genutzt, zum anderen eine Zielspannung f{\"u}r den Kurzzeitspeicher und somit auch die Solarzelle vorgegeben und der Lastwiderstand variabel so angepasst, dass die Zielspannung gehalten wird. Beide Betriebsmethoden haben einen Energieverlust gegen{\"u}ber der MPP-getrackten Solarzelle zu verzeichnen, f{\"u}hren aber zu einer Gl{\"a}ttung der Leistung des gekoppelten Systems. Die Simulation konnte f{\"u}r Siliziumsolarzellen mit einem Demonstratorversuch im Labor und f{\"u}r organische Solarzellen unter realen Bedingungen validiert werden. Insgesamt ergibt sich eine vielversprechende Gl{\"a}ttung der Leistungsfluktuationen von Solarzellen durch den Einsatz von elektrochemischen Doppelschichtkondensatoren.},
  subject      = {Energie},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{AppeltshauserBrunderHeiniusetal.2020,
  author    = {Appeltshauser, Luise and Brunder, Anna-Michelle and Heinius, Annika and K{\"o}rtv{\´e}lyessy, Peter and Wandinger, Klaus-Peter and Junker, Ralf and Villmann, Carmen and Sommer, Claudia and Leypoldt, Frank and Doppler, Kathrin},
  title     = {Antiparanodal antibodies and IgG subclasses in acute autoimmune neuropathy},
  series = {Neurology: Neuroimmunology \& Neuroinflammation},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {Neurology: Neuroimmunology \& Neuroinflammation},
  number    = {5},
  doi       = {10.1212/NXI.0000000000000817},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-230079},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Objective To determine whether IgG subclasses of antiparanodal autoantibodies are related to disease course and treatment response in acute- to subacute-onset neuropathies, we retrospectively screened 161 baseline serum/CSF samples and 66 follow-up serum/CSF samples. Methods We used ELISA and immunofluorescence assays to detect antiparanodal IgG and their subclasses and titers in serum/CSF of patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), recurrent GBS (R-GBS), Miller-Fisher syndrome, and acute- to subacute-onset chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (A-CIDP). We evaluated clinical data retrospectively. Results We detected antiparanodal autoantibodies with a prevalence of 4.3\% (7/161), more often in A-CIDP (4/23, 17.4\%) compared with GBS (3/114, 2.6\%). Longitudinal subclass analysis in the patients with GBS revealed IgG2/3 autoantibodies against Caspr-1 and against anti-contactin-1/Caspr-1, which disappeared at remission. At disease onset, patients with A-CIDP had IgG2/3 anti-Caspr-1 and anti-contactin-1/Caspr-1 or IgG4 anti-contactin-1 antibodies, IgG3 being associated with good response to IV immunoglobulins (IVIg). In the chronic phase of disease, IgG subclass of one patient with A-CIDP switched from IgG3 to IgG4. Conclusion Our data (1) confirm and extend previous observations that antiparanodal IgG2/3 but not IgG4 antibodies can occur in acute-onset neuropathies manifesting as monophasic GBS, (2) suggest association of IgG3 to a favorable response to IVIg, and (3) lend support to the hypothesis that in some patients, an IgG subclass switch from IgG3 to IgG4 may be the correlate of a secondary progressive or relapsing course following a GBS-like onset.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Appelt‐MenzelOerterMathewetal.2020,
  author    = {Appelt-Menzel, Antje and Oerter, Sabrina and Mathew, Sanjana and Haferkamp, Undine and Hartmann, Carla and Jung, Matthias and Neuhaus, Winfried and Pless, Ole},
  title     = {Human iPSC-Derived Blood-Brain Barrier Models: Valuable Tools for Preclinical Drug Discovery and Development?},
  series = {Current Protocols in Stem Cell Biology},
  volume    = {55},
  journal   = {Current Protocols in Stem Cell Biology},
  number    = {1},
  doi       = {10.1002/cpsc.122},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-218509},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Translating basic biological knowledge into applications remains a key issue for effectively tackling neurodegenerative, neuroinflammatory, or neuroendocrine disorders. Efficient delivery of therapeutics across the neuroprotective blood-brain barrier (BBB) still poses a demanding challenge for drug development targeting central nervous system diseases. Validated in vitro models of the BBB could facilitate effective testing of drug candidates targeting the brain early in the drug discovery process during lead generation. We here review the potential of mono- or (isogenic) co-culture BBB models based on brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), and compare them to several available BBB in vitro models from primary human or non-human cells and to rodent in vivo models, as well as to classical and widely used barrier models [Caco-2, parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA)]. In particular, we are discussing the features and predictivity of these models and how hiPSC-derived BBB models could impact future discovery and development of novel CNS-targeting therapeutics.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ApsemidouFuellerIdelevichetal.2020,
  author    = {Apsemidou, Athanasia and F{\"u}ller, Miriam Antonie and Idelevich, Evgeny A. and Kurzai, Oliver and Tragiannidis, Athanasios and Groll, Andreas H.},
  title     = {Candida lusitaniae breakthrough fungemia in an immuno-compromised adolescent: case report and review of the literature},
  series = {Journal of Fungi},
  volume    = {6},
  journal   = {Journal of Fungi},
  number    = {4},
  issn      = {2309-608X},
  doi       = {10.3390/jof6040380},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-220125},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Candida lusitaniae is a rare cause of candidemia that is known for its unique capability to rapidly acquire resistance to amphotericin B. We report the case of an adolescent with grade IV graft-vs.-host disease after hematopoietic cell transplantation who developed catheter-associated C. lusitaniae candidemia while on therapeutic doses of liposomal amphotericin B. We review the epidemiology of C. lusitaniae bloodstream infections in adult and pediatric patients, the development of resistance, and its role in breakthrough candidemia. Appropriate species identification, in vitro susceptibility testing, and source control are pivotal to optimal management of C. lusitaniae candidemia. Initial antifungal therapy may consist of an echinocandin and be guided by in vitro susceptibility and clinical response.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Arampatzis2020,
  author    = {Arampatzis, Konstantinos},
  title     = {Astigmatismuskorrektur im Rahmen moderner, minimalinvasiver Kataraktchirurgie - eine retrospektive Analyse},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-20845},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-208458},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Hintergrund: Die Kataraktoperation ist der am meisten durchgef{\"u}hrte operative Eingriff in der Medizin {\"u}berhaupt. Astigmatismus ist einer der h{\"a}ufigsten Refraktionsfehlern wobei 15-20\% der Bev{\"o}lkerung einen klinisch relevanten Astigmatismus von > 1,5 Dpt zeigen. Im Rahmen der Kataraktoperation besteht die M{\"o}glichkeit neben der Linsentr{\"u}bung auch den Astigmatismus zu korrigieren. Material und Methoden: 176 Kataraktoperationen mit simultaner Astigmatismuskorrektur wurden retrospektiv untersucht, davon bei 110 Augen durch periphere clear-cornea Relaxationsinzisionen (PCCRI) und bei 66 Augen durch die Implantation von torischen Hinterkammerlinsen (TIOL). Es erfolgte eine topographische und refraktive Astigmatismusanalyse mittels Vektorenanalyse und Doppelwinkeldiagramme. Ergebnisse: Mittels PCCRI wurde eine topographische Reduktion des Astigmatismus von 0,86 ± 0,63 Dpt sowie eine refraktive Reduktion von 1,33 ± 1,08 Dpt erreicht. Mittels TIOL lag die refraktive Reduktion auf 2,26 ± 1,57 Dpt. Die mittlere Achsenabweichung der TIOL postoperativ lag bei 4,77° ± 4,18°. Diskussion: Die Implantation von TIOL zeigt eine hohe Effektivit{\"a}t und Sicherheit bzgl. Astigmatismuskorrektur, der PCCRI {\"u}berlegen. PCCRI ist eine gute, kosteng{\"u}nstige Alternative. Astigmatismusbetr{\"a}ge bis 1,5 Dpt k{\"o}nnen sowohl durch PCCRI als auch durch TIOL korrigiert werden. Bei h{\"o}heren Betr{\"a}gen ist die Implantation von TIOL die Korrektur der ersten Wahl. Eine Revision einer postoperativen Achsenabweichung einer TIOL von > 8° sollte bei klinischer Relevanz in der zweiten postoperativen Woche erwogen werden.},
  subject      = {Augenheilkunde},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{ArgentieroSolimandoKrebsetal.2020,
  author    = {Argentiero, Antonella and Solimando, Antonio Giovanni and Krebs, Markus and Leone, Patrizia and Susca, Nicola and Brunetti, Oronzo and Racanelli, Vito and Vacca, Angelo and Silvestris, Nicola},
  title     = {Anti-angiogenesis and immunotherapy: novel paradigms to envision tailored approaches in renal cell-carcinoma},
  series = {Journal of Clinical Medicine},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Journal of Clinical Medicine},
  number    = {5},
  issn      = {2077-0383},
  doi       = {10.3390/jcm9051594},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-205846},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Although decision making strategy based on clinico-histopathological criteria is well established, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents a spectrum of biological ecosystems characterized by distinct genetic and molecular alterations, diverse clinical courses and potential specific therapeutic vulnerabilities. Given the plethora of drugs available, the subtype-tailored treatment to RCC subtype holds the potential to improve patient outcome, shrinking treatment-related morbidity and cost. The emerging knowledge of the molecular taxonomy of RCC is evolving, whilst the antiangiogenic and immunotherapy landscape maintains and reinforces their potential. Although several prognostic factors of survival in patients with RCC have been described, no reliable predictive biomarkers of treatment individual sensitivity or resistance have been identified. In this review, we summarize the available evidence able to prompt more precise and individualized patient selection in well-designed clinical trials, covering the unmet need of medical choices in the era of next-generation anti-angiogenesis and immunotherapy.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Armbruester2020,
  author    = {Armbr{\"u}ster, Lotte},
  title     = {Melodieintervalle als Kenngr{\"o}ße der laryngealen Regelleistung bei der Lautproduktion von S{\"a}uglingen ohne orofaziale Spaltbildung in den ersten vier Lebensmonaten},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-21924},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-219240},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, intervallartige Substrukturen (Melodieintervalle) auf der Melodiekontur von S{\"a}uglingslauten im L{\"a}ngsschnitt {\"u}ber die ersten vier Lebensmonate zu analysieren. Melodieintervalle werden als eine Messgr{\"o}ße f{\"u}r die Kurzzeitvariabilit{\"a}t der Grundfrequenz (F0) und damit der laryngealen Regelleistung angesehen. Es sollte belegt werden, dass gesunde S{\"a}uglinge Melodieintervalle regelhaft erzeugen. Dabei war auch die Frage zu beantworten, ob Melodien mit Intervallen h{\"a}ufiger vorkommen als Melodien ohne Intervall {\"u}ber den Untersuchungszeitraum der ersten vier Lebensmonate. Neben H{\"a}ufigkeitsanalysen sollten auch Analysen temporaler Eigenschaften erfolgen und Frequenzratios (Intervallgr{\"o}ßen) ermittelt werden. Langzeitziel dieser Analysen ist es, potenzielle Risikokinder einer sp{\"a}teren Sprech- und Sprachentwicklungsst{\"o}rung so fr{\"u}h wie m{\"o}glich anhand einer nicht-invasiven Vorsprachlichen Diagnostik identifizieren zu k{\"o}nnen. Aus einem Gesamtdatenkorpus von 6130 Vokalisationen wurden in einer komplexen Vorselektierungs-Routine mittels audio-visueller Analyse insgesamt 3114 Vokalisationen f{\"u}r die finalen Melodieintervallanalysen als geeignet befunden. Unter Methodenmodifikation zu Vorarbeiten, wie einer herabgesetzten Plateaumindestl{\"a}nge auf 50 ms und unter Einbezug rhythmisch-segmentierter Vokalisationen in die Analysen wurden die Aufnahmen anhand von Melodie- und Intensit{\"a}tsdiagrammen sowie semi-automatisch zugeh{\"o}rigen Messroutinen im Cry-Data-Analysis-Program (CDAP) analysiert und Melodieintervalle vermessen. Des Weiteren wurden Analysen der Melodiestrukturkategorien, die den Komplexit{\"a}tsgrad der Konturen reflektieren, und der Bogenformen (Intonation) durchgef{\"u}hrt, um das Auftreten identifizierter Intervallcodes und deren Muster zu diesen in Bezug zu setzen. Das melodische Einzelintervall (Plateau-{\"U}bergang-Plateau) wurde als Modul definiert, das zu Doppelintervallen und noch komplexeren Kombinationen unterschiedlicher Codes und Muster zusammengesetzt wird. Das Repertoire dieser Kombinationsmuster wurde in der Arbeit detailliert aufgezeigt. Ein Modul-Vergleich der steigenden und fallenden Einzelintervalle in Einfach- und Doppelb{\"o}gen konnte eine hohe {\"U}bereinstimmung hinsichtlich spezieller Messgr{\"o}ßen, insbesondere der steigenden Intervalle, belegen. F{\"u}r die {\"u}ber den Untersuchungszeitraum analysierten Auftrittsh{\"a}ufigkeiten der Intervalle konnte mittels einer verallgemeinerten Sch{\"a}tzgleichung (GEE-Model) eine signifikante Zunahme des Intervallauftretens festgestellt werden, die durch einen nichtlinearen Alterseffekt gekennzeichnet war. Die Intervallkomplexit{\"a}t nahm linear signifikant mit dem Lebensalter zu. Es wurden keine Geschlechtseffekte festgestellt. Als vorherrschende Intervallgr{\"o}ße wurde die kleine Sekunde (Halbton) {\"u}ber den Untersuchungszeitraum gefunden. Die Intervallgr{\"o}ßen und ein Großteil der Analysen der temporalen Messgr{\"o}ßen erfolgte auf signalbasierter Ebene und wurde deskriptiv vergleichend zwischen den Richtungen bzw. den Mustern der Intervalle untersucht und als Referenzwerte in umfangreichen Tabellen berichtet. Die Ergebnisse vorliegender Arbeit belegten durch Analysen unterschiedlicher Messgr{\"o}ßen, wie z.B. dem Komplexit{\"a}tsgrad der Melodie und deren regelrechter Entwicklung mit dem Alter, dass alle hier analysierten Vokalisationen von Probanden stammten, die sich unauff{\"a}llig entwickelten. Somit wurde sichergestellt, dass die erarbeiteten Referenzwerte f{\"u}r nachfolgende Studien die Verh{\"a}ltnisse bei gesunden S{\"a}uglingen widerspiegeln. Die Ergebnisse vorliegender Arbeit sollen als vorl{\"a}ufige Vergleichswerte f{\"u}r geplante Analysen an Vokalisationen von S{\"a}uglingen mit orofazialen Spaltbildungen dienen.},
  subject      = {Sprachentwicklung},
  language  = {de}
}