@article{VolpatoHolzgrabe2018,
  author    = {Volpato, Daniela and Holzgrabe, Ulrike},
  title     = {Designing Hybrids Targeting the Cholinergic System by Modulating the Muscarinic and Nicotinic Receptors: A Concept to Treat Alzheimer's Disease},
  series = {Molecules},
  volume    = {23},
  journal   = {Molecules},
  number    = {12},
  issn      = {1420-3049},
  doi       = {10.3390/molecules23123230},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-197555},
  pages     = {3230},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The cholinergic hypothesis has been reported first being the cause of memory dysfunction in the Alzheimer's disease. Researchers around the globe have focused their attention on understanding the mechanisms of how this complicated system contributes to processes such as learning, memory, disorientation, linguistic problems, and behavioral issues in the indicated chronic neurodegenerative disease. The present review reports recent updates in hybrid molecule design as a strategy for selectively addressing multiple target proteins involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the study of their therapeutic relevance. The rationale and the design of the bifunctional compounds will be discussed in order to understand their potential as tools to investigate the role of the cholinergic system in AD.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PfeifferRochlitzNoelkeetal.1990,
  author    = {Pfeiffer, A. and Rochlitz, H. and Noelke, B. and Tacke, R. and Moser, U. and Mutschler, E. and Lambrecht, G.},
  title     = {Muscarinic receptors mediating acid secretion in isolated rat gastric parietal cells are of M3 type},
  series = {Gastroenterology},
  volume    = {98},
  journal   = {Gastroenterology},
  number    = {1},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-128337},
  pages     = {218-222},
  year      = {1990},
  abstract  = {Five subtypes of muscarinic receptors have been identified by pharmacological and molecular biological methods. The muscarinic receptor subtype mediating acid secretion at the level of the parietal cell was unknown. Therefore, this study was performed to characterize muscarinic receptors on rat gastric parietal cells using the 3 subtype-selective antagonists hexahydrosiladifenidol and silahexocyclium, which have high affinity for glandular M3 subtypes, and AF-DX 116, which has high affinity to cardiac M2 receptors. The affinity of these antagonists was determined by radioligand binding experiments. In addition, their inhibitory potency on carbachol-stimulated inositol phosphate production was investigated. Inhibition of carbachol-stimulated aminopyrine uptake was used as an indirect measure of proton production. Both M3 antagonists, hexahydrosiladifenidol and silahexocyclium, had nanomolar affinities for parietal cell muscarinic receptors and potently antagonized inositol phosphate production with nanomolar Ki values. Silahexocyclium similarly antagonized aminopyrine accumulation while hexahydrosiladifenidol behaved as a noncompetitive antagonist. AF-DX 116 was a low-affinity ligand and a weak competitive antagonist at parietal-cell muscarinic receptors. It was concluded that muscarinic M3 receptors mediate acid secretion probably by activation of the phosphoinositide second messenger system in rat gastric parietal cells.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{TackeKropfgansTafeletal.1994,
  author    = {Tacke, Reinhold and Kropfgans, Martin and Tafel, Andrea and Wiesenberger, Frank and Sheldrick, William S. and Mutschler, Ernst and Egerer, Hansj{\"o}rg and Rettenmayr, Nikola and Gross, Jan and Waelbroeck, Magali and Lambrecht, G{\"u}nter},
  title     = {(Hydroxymethyl)diphenyl(piperidinoalkyl)silane des Typs (HOCH2)(C6H5)2Si(CH2)nNC5H10 (n = 2,3) und deren Methoiodide: Synthese, Struktur und antimuscarinische Eigenschaften},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86904},
  year      = {1994},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  language  = {de}
}