@article{GrimmHufnagelWobseretal.2018,
  author    = {Grimm, Johannes and Hufnagel, Anita and Wobser, Marion and Borst, Andreas and Haferkamp, Sebastian and Houben, Roland and Meierjohann, Svenja},
  title     = {BRAF inhibition causes resilience of melanoma cell lines by inducing the secretion of FGF1},
  series = {Oncogenesis},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {Oncogenesis},
  number    = {71},
  doi       = {10.1038/s41389-018-0082-2},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-177261},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Approximately half of all melanoma patients harbour activating mutations in the serine/threonine kinase BRAF. This is the basis for one of the main treatment strategies for this tumor type, the targeted therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors. While the initial responsiveness to these drugs is high, resistance develops after several months, frequently at sites of the previously responding tumor. This indicates that tumor response is incomplete and that a certain tumor fraction survives even in drug-sensitive patients, e.g., in a therapy-induced senescence-like state. Here, we show in several melanoma cell lines that BRAF inhibition induces a secretome with stimulating effect on fibroblasts and naive melanoma cells. Several senescence-associated factors were found to be transcribed and secreted in response to BRAF or MEK inhibition, among them members of the fibroblast growth factor family. We identified the growth factor FGF1 as mediator of resilience towards BRAF inhibition, which limits the pro-apoptotic effects of the drug and activates fibroblasts to secrete HGF. FGF1 regulation was mediated by the PI3K pathway and by FRA1, a direct target gene of the MAPK pathway. When FGFR inhibitors were applied in parallel to BRAF inhibitors, resilience was broken, thus providing a rationale for combined therapeutical application.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HoennemannSanzMorenoWolfetal.2012,
  author    = {H{\"o}nnemann, Jan and Sanz-Moreno, Adrian and Wolf, Elmar and Eilers, Martin and Els{\"a}sser, Hans-Peter},
  title     = {Miz1 Is a Critical Repressor of cdkn1a during Skin Tumorigenesis},
  series = {PLoS One},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {PLoS One},
  number    = {4},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0034885},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-133285},
  pages     = {e34885},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {The transcription factor Miz1 forms repressive DNA-binding complexes with the Myc, Gfi-1 and Bcl-6 oncoproteins. Known target genes of these complexes encode the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs) cdkn2b (p15\(^{Ink4}\)), cdkn1a (p21\(^{Cip1}\)), and cdkn1c (p57\(^{Kip2}\)). Whether Miz1-mediated repression is important for control of cell proliferation in vivo and for tumor formation is unknown. Here we show that deletion of the Miz1 POZ domain, which is critical for Miz1 function, restrains the development of skin tumors in a model of chemically-induced, Ras-dependent tumorigenesis. While the stem cell compartment appears unaffected, interfollicular keratinocytes lacking functional Miz1 exhibit a reduced proliferation and an accelerated differentiation of the epidermis in response to the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Tumorigenesis, proliferation and normal differentiation are restored in animals lacking cdkn1a, but not in those lacking cdkn2b. Our data demonstrate that Miz1-mediated attenuation of cell cycle arrest pathways via repression of cdkn1a has a critical role during tumorigenesis in the skin.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Mueller2010,
  author    = {M{\"u}ller, Judith},
  title     = {Die Rolle der HectH9/Mcl1-Interaktion in der Myc-induzierten Apoptose und Auswirkungen der Myc V394D-Mutation auf die von c-Myc gesteuerten Tumorgenese in einem transgenen Mausmodell},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-55789},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {W{\"a}hrend der Entstehung von Tumoren k{\"o}nnen zwei Mechanismen auftreten, die beide von der Aktivit{\"a}t der Onkogene abh{\"a}ngig sind und die Tumorgenese einschr{\"a}nken. F{\"u}r das Onkogen Myc ist gezeigt, dass es sowohl Apoptose als auch unter bestimmten Umst{\"a}nden Seneszenz ausl{\"o}sen kann und damit sein eigenes onkogenes Potential limitiert. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit konnte ich mich mit diesen Tumor-suppressiven Mechanismen in zwei unabh{\"a}ngigen Teilprojekten besch{\"a}ftigen. Eine erh{\"o}hte Expression von Myc steigert die Proliferation der Zellen, induziert aber gleichzeitig Doppelstrangbr{\"u}che an der DNA. Durch den dadurch entstandenen Schaden wird die DNA-Schadensantwort ausgel{\"o}st, die zum Beispiel zur Phosphorylierung von H2A.X durch die Kinasen Atm und Atr f{\"u}hrt. Ein weiteres putatives Zielprotein dieser Kinasen ist HectH9, das abh{\"a}ngig vom DNA-Schaden das mitochondriale Protein Mcl1 ubiquitiniert und es damit f{\"u}r den proteasomalen Abbau markiert. Im ungestressten Zustand interagiert das in der mitochondrialen Membran lokalisierte Protein Mcl1 mit proapoptotischen Proteinen und h{\"a}lt deren inerten Status aufrecht. Die Reduktion der Mcl1-Mengen ist essentiell, um die proapoptotischen Proteine zu aktivieren, dadurch die Freisetzung von Zytochrom C aus dem Mitochondrium zu veranlassen und damit den Prozess der Apoptose einleiten zu k{\"o}nnen. Anhand der in dieser Arbeit dokumentierten Daten bietet sich Mcl1 als potentielles Zielprotein f{\"u}r pharmazeutisch Strategien zur Therapie Myc-induzierter Tumore an. Im Idealfall erh{\"o}ht eine verst{\"a}rkte Reduktion seiner Proteinmengen die zellul{\"a}re Apoptose und verringert somit das Tumorwachstum. Im murinen T-Zell-Lymphom wird die Myc-abh{\"a}ngige Tumorgenese durch eine Mutation der Proteinsequenz von Myc verlangsamt. Diese Mutation unterbindet die Bindung von Myc zu Miz1 und verhindert dadurch die Repression von Zielgenen. Abh{\"a}ngig von der Interaktion von Myc zu Miz1 gelingt die Inhibition der Transkription des Zellzyklusinhibitors p15Ink4b. Die Interaktion von Myc und Miz1 ist essentiell um die TGFbeta-abh{\"a}ngige Seneszenz zu umgehen. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus ist Myc direkt an der Repression von TGFbeta beteiligt. Entgegen der bisher verwendeten Modelle konnte in dieser Arbeit gezeigt werden, dass Myc unabh{\"a}ngig von Miz1 zu den Promotoren der reprimierten Zielgene rekrutiert wird und die Bindung der beiden Proteine offensichtlich nur f{\"u}r die Transrepression essentiell ist.},
  subject      = {Myc},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StojanovićFuchsFiedleretal.2020,
  author    = {Stojanović, Stevan D. and Fuchs, Maximilian and Fiedler, Jan and Xiao, Ke and Meinecke, Anna and Just, Annette and Pich, Andreas and Thum, Thomas and Kunz, Meik},
  title     = {Comprehensive bioinformatics identifies key microRNA players in ATG7-deficient lung fibroblasts},
  series = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
  volume    = {21},
  journal   = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
  number    = {11},
  issn      = {1422-0067},
  doi       = {10.3390/ijms21114126},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-285181},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Background: Deficient autophagy has been recently implicated as a driver of pulmonary fibrosis, yet bioinformatics approaches to study this cellular process are lacking. Autophagy-related 5 and 7 (ATG5/ATG7) are critical elements of macro-autophagy. However, an alternative ATG5/ATG7-independent macro-autophagy pathway was recently discovered, its regulation being unknown. Using a bioinformatics proteome profiling analysis of ATG7-deficient human fibroblasts, we aimed to identify key microRNA (miR) regulators in autophagy. Method: We have generated ATG7-knockout MRC-5 fibroblasts and performed mass spectrometry to generate a large-scale proteomics dataset. We further quantified the interactions between various proteins combining bioinformatics molecular network reconstruction and functional enrichment analysis. The predicted key regulatory miRs were validated via quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: The functional enrichment analysis of the 26 deregulated proteins showed decreased cellular trafficking, increased mitophagy and senescence as the major overarching processes in ATG7-deficient lung fibroblasts. The 26 proteins reconstitute a protein interactome of 46 nodes and miR-regulated interactome of 834 nodes. The miR network shows three functional cluster modules around miR-16-5p, miR-17-5p and let-7a-5p related to multiple deregulated proteins. Confirming these results in a biological setting, serially passaged wild-type and autophagy-deficient fibroblasts displayed senescence-dependent expression profiles of miR-16-5p and miR-17-5p. Conclusions: We have developed a bioinformatics proteome profiling approach that successfully identifies biologically relevant miR regulators from a proteomics dataset of the ATG-7-deficient milieu in lung fibroblasts, and thus may be used to elucidate key molecular players in complex fibrotic pathological processes. The approach is not limited to a specific cell-type and disease, thus highlighting its high relevance in proteome and non-coding RNA research.},
  language  = {en}
}