@article{DresenLeeHilletal.2023,
  author    = {Dresen, Ellen and Lee, Zheng-Yii and Hill, Aileen and Notz, Quirin and Patel, Jayshil J. and Stoppe, Christian},
  title     = {History of scurvy and use of vitamin C in critical illness: A narrative review},
  series = {Nutrition in Clinical Practice},
  volume    = {38},
  journal   = {Nutrition in Clinical Practice},
  number    = {1},
  doi       = {10.1002/ncp.10914},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-318176},
  pages     = {46 -- 54},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {In 1747, an important milestone in the history of clinical research was set, as the Scottish surgeon James Lind conducted the first randomized controlled trial. Lind was interested in scurvy, a severe vitamin C deficiency which caused the death of thousands of British seamen. He found that a dietary intervention with oranges and lemons, which are rich in vitamin C by nature, was effective to recover from scurvy. Because of its antioxidative properties and involvement in many biochemical processes, the essential micronutrient vitamin C plays a key role in the human biology. Moreover, the use of vitamin C in critical illness—a condition also resulting in death of thousands in the 21st century—has gained increasing interest, as it may restore vascular responsiveness to vasoactive agents, ameliorate microcirculatory blood flow, preserve endothelial barriers, augment bacterial defense, and prevent apoptosis. Because of its redox potential and powerful antioxidant capacity, vitamin C represents an inexpensive and safe antioxidant, with the potential to modify the inflammatory cascade and improve clinical outcomes of critically ill patients. This narrative review aims to update and provide an overview on the role of vitamin C in the human biology and in critically ill patients, and to summarize current evidence on the use of vitamin C in diverse populations of critically ill patients, in specific focusing on patients with sepsis and coronavirus disease 2019.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RudloffHutmacherAppel2022,
  author    = {Rudloff, Jan Philipp and Hutmacher, Fabian and Appel, Markus},
  title     = {Beliefs about the nature of knowledge shape responses to the pandemic: Epistemic beliefs, the Dark Factor of Personality, and COVID-19-related conspiracy ideation and behavior},
  series = {Journal of Personality},
  volume    = {90},
  journal   = {Journal of Personality},
  number    = {6},
  doi       = {10.1111/jopy.12706},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-293793},
  pages     = {937 -- 955},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Objective Global challenges such as climate change or the COVID-19 pandemic have drawn public attention to conspiracy theories and citizens' non-compliance to science-based behavioral guidelines. We focus on individuals' worldviews about how one can and should construct reality (epistemic beliefs) to explain the endorsement of conspiracy theories and behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic and propose the Dark Factor of Personality (D) as an antecedent of post-truth epistemic beliefs. Method and Results This model is tested in four pre-registered studies. In Study 1 (N = 321), we found first evidence for a positive association between D and post-truth epistemic beliefs (Faith in Intuition for Facts, Need for Evidence, Truth is Political). In Study 2 (N = 453), we tested the model proper by further showing that post-truth epistemic beliefs predict the endorsement of COVID-19 conspiracies and disregarding COVID-19 behavioral guidelines. Study 3 (N = 923) largely replicated these results at a later stage of the pandemic. Finally, in Study 4 (N = 513), we replicated the results in a German sample, corroborating their cross-cultural validity. Interactions with political orientation were observed. Conclusion Our research highlights that epistemic beliefs need to be taken into account when addressing major challenges to humankind.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KruegerLeskienSchulleretal.2021,
  author    = {Kr{\"u}ger, S{\"o}ren and Leskien, Miriam and Schuller, Patricia and Prifert, Christiane and Weißbrich, Benedikt and Vogel, Ulrich and Krone, Manuel},
  title     = {Performance and feasibility of universal PCR admission screening for SARS-CoV-2 in a German tertiary care hospital},
  series = {Journal of Medical Virology},
  volume    = {93},
  journal   = {Journal of Medical Virology},
  number    = {5},
  doi       = {10.1002/jmv.26770},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-238971},
  pages     = {2890 -- 2898},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Anamnestic screening of symptoms and contact history is applied to identify coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients on admission. However, asymptomatic and presymptomatic patients remain undetected although the viral load may be high. In this retrospective cohort study, all hospitalized patients who received polymerase chain reaction (PCR) admission testing from March 26th until May 24th, 2020 were included. Data on COVID-19-specific symptoms and contact history to COVID-19 cases were retrospectively extracted from patient files and from contact tracing notes. The compliance to the universal testing protocol was high with 90\%. Out of 6940 tested patients, 27 new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infections (0.4\%) were detected. Seven of those COVID-19 cases (26\% of all new cases) were asymptomatic and had no positive contact history, but were identified through a positive PCR test. The number needed to identify an asymptomatic patient was 425 in the first wave of the epidemic, 1218 in the low incidence phase. The specificity of the method was above 99.9\%. Universal PCR testing was highly accepted by staff as demonstrated by high compliance. The costs to detect one asymptomatic case in future studies need to be traded off against the costs and damage caused by potential outbreaks of COVID-19.},
  language  = {en}
}