@article{CeteciCeteciZanuccoetal.2012, author = {Ceteci, Fatih and Ceteci, Semra and Zanucco, Emanuele and Thakur, Chitra and Becker, Matthias and El-Nikhely, Nefertiti and Fink, Ludger and Seeger, Werner and Savai, Rajkumar and Rapp, Ulf R.}, title = {E-Cadherin Controls Bronchiolar Progenitor Cells and Onset of Preneoplastic Lesions in Mice}, series = {Neoplasia}, volume = {14}, journal = {Neoplasia}, number = {12}, doi = {10.1593/neo.121088}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-135407}, pages = {1164-1177}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Although progenitor cells of the conducting airway have been spatially localized and some insights have been gained regarding their molecular phenotype, relatively little is known about the mechanisms regulating their maintenance, activation, and differentiation. This study investigates the potential roles of E-cadherin in mouse Clara cells, as these cells were shown to represent the progenitor/stem cells of the conducting airways and have been implicated as the cell of origin of human non-small cell lung cancer. Postnatal inactivation of E-cadherin affected Clara cell differentiation and compromised airway regeneration under injury conditions. In steady-state adult lung, overexpression of the dominant negative E-cadherin led to an expansion of the bronchiolar stem cells and decreased differentiation concomitant with canonical Wnt signaling activation. Expansion of the bronchiolar stem cell pool was associated with an incessant proliferation of neuroepithelial body-associated Clara cells that ultimately gave rise to bronchiolar hyperplasia. Despite progressive hyperplasia, only a minority of the mice developed pulmonary solid tumors, suggesting that the loss of E-cadherin function leads to tumor formation when additional mutations are sustained. The present study reveals that E-cadherin plays a critical role in the regulation of proliferation and homeostasis of the epithelial cells lining the conducting airways.}, language = {en} } @article{GresleAlexandrouWuetal.2012, author = {Gresle, Melissa M. and Alexandrou, Estella and Wu, Qizhu and Egan, Gary and Jokubaitis, Vilija and Ayers, Margaret and Jonas, Anna and Doherty, William and Friedhuber, Anna and Shaw, Gerry and Sendtner, Michael and Emery, Ben and Kilpatrick, Trevor and Butzkueven, Helmut}, title = {Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Protects Axons in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis via an Oligodendrocyte-Independent Mechanism}, series = {PLoS One}, volume = {7}, journal = {PLoS One}, number = {10}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0047379}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-134617}, pages = {e47379}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and Ciliary Neurotrophic factor (CNTF) are members of the interleukin-6 family of cytokines, defined by use of the gp130 molecule as an obligate receptor. In the murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model, antagonism of LIF and genetic deletion of CNTF worsen disease. The potential mechanism of action of these cytokines in EAE is complex, as gp130 is expressed by all neural cells, and could involve immuno-modulation, reduction of oligodendrocyte injury, neuronal protection, or a combination of these actions. In this study we aim to investigate whether the beneficial effects of CNTF/LIF signalling in EAE are associated with axonal protection; and whether this requires signalling through oligodendrocytes. We induced MOG\(_{35-55}\) EAE in CNTF, LIF and double knockout mice. On a CNTF null background, LIF knockout was associated with increased EAE severity (EAE grade 2.1\(\pm\)0.14 vs 2.6\(\pm\)0.19; P<0.05). These mice also showed increased axonal damage relative to LIF heterozygous mice, as indicated by decreased optic nerve parallel diffusivity on MRI (1540\(\pm\)207 \(\mu\)m\(^2\)-/s vs 1310\(\pm\)175 \(\mu\)m\(^2\)-/s; P<0.05), and optic nerve (-12.5\%) and spinal cord (-16\%) axon densities; and increased serum neurofilament-H levels (2.5 fold increase). No differences in inflammatory cell numbers or peripheral auto-immune T-cell priming were evident. Oligodendrocyte-targeted gp130 knockout mice showed that disruption of CNTF/LIF signalling in these cells has no effect on acute EAE severity. These studies demonstrate that endogenous CNTF and LIF act centrally to protect axons from acute inflammatory destruction via an oligodendrocyte-independent mechanism.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Sperling2012, author = {Sperling, Patrik Leonhart}, title = {Thermische Verletzungen im Kindesalter: Eine retrospektive Kohortenstudie von 212 F{\"a}llen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-74090}, school = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Anhand einer retrospektiven Datenanalyse sollen Verteilungsmuster von Verbrennungen und Verbr{\"u}hungen bezogen auf Alter und Geschlecht untersucht werden. Erfasst wurden 212 Patienten im Alter von 0 bis 16 Jahren betrachtet, die im Zeitraum vom 01.01.2004 bis zum 31.12.2009 auf Grund einer thermischen Verletzung station{\"a}r im Universit{\"a}tsklinikum W{\"u}rzburg der Julius-Maximilians-Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg behandelt wurden. Den gr{\"o}ßten Anteil thermischer Verletzungen im Kindesalter stellen Verbr{\"u}hungen dar. Betroffen sind vor allem Kleinkinder. Verbrennungen finden sich h{\"a}ufiger bei {\"a}lteren Kindern und Jugendlichen. Jungen sind gef{\"a}hrdeter als M{\"a}dchen solche Verletzungen zu erleiden. Verbr{\"u}hungen treten vermehrt gegen Ende des Jahres auf, w{\"a}hrend Verbrennungen in den Sommermonaten geh{\"a}uft vorkommen. Betroffen ist zumeist die obere K{\"o}rperh{\"a}lfte, wobei Verbr{\"u}hungen meist Brust, Arme und Beine verletzen, Verbrennungen meist Gesicht und H{\"a}nde. II°- und III°-Verletzungen haben die gleiche Altersverteilung und sind gleich h{\"a}ufig. Die durchschnittliche Krankenhausverweildauer ist bei Verbrennungen h{\"o}her als es bei Verbr{\"u}hungen der Fall ist. Nicht jede III°-Verletzung bedarf einer Hauttransplantation.}, subject = {Verbr{\"u}hung}, language = {de} }