@article{UngethuemWiedmannWagneretal.2023,
  author    = {Ungeth{\"u}m, K. and Wiedmann, S. and Wagner, M. and Leyh, R. and Ertl, G. and Frantz, S. and Geisler, T. and Karmann, W. and Prondzinsky, R. and Herdeg, C. and Noutsias, M. and Ludwig, T. and K{\"a}s, J. and Klocke, B. and Krapp, J. and Wood, D. and Kotseva, K. and St{\"o}rk, S. and Heuschmann, P. U.},
  title     = {Secondary prevention in diabetic and nondiabetic coronary heart disease patients: insights from the German subset of the hospital arm of the EUROASPIRE IV and V surveys},
  series = {Clinical Research in Cardiology},
  volume    = {112},
  journal   = {Clinical Research in Cardiology},
  number    = {2},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00392-022-02093-0},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-324037},
  pages     = {285-298},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Background Patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) with and without diabetes mellitus have an increased risk of recurrent events requiring multifactorial secondary prevention of cardiovascular risk factors. We compared prevalences of cardiovascular risk factors and its determinants including lifestyle, pharmacotherapy and diabetes mellitus among patients with chronic CHD examined within the fourth and fifth EUROASPIRE surveys (EA-IV, 2012-13; and EA-V, 2016-17) in Germany. Methods The EA initiative iteratively conducts European-wide multicenter surveys investigating the quality of secondary prevention in chronic CHD patients aged 18 to 79 years. The data collection in Germany was performed during a comprehensive baseline visit at study centers in W{\"u}rzburg (EA-IV, EA-V), Halle (EA-V), and T{\"u}bingen (EA-V). Results 384 EA-V participants (median age 69.0 years, 81.3\% male) and 536 EA-IV participants (median age 68.7 years, 82.3\% male) were examined. Comparing EA-IV and EA-V, no relevant differences in risk factor prevalence and lifestyle changes were observed with the exception of lower LDL cholesterol levels in EA-V. Prevalence of unrecognized diabetes was significantly lower in EA-V as compared to EA-IV (11.8\% vs. 19.6\%) while the proportion of prediabetes was similarly high in the remaining population (62.1\% vs. 61.0\%). Conclusion Between 2012 and 2017, a modest decrease in LDL cholesterol levels was observed, while no differences in blood pressure control and body weight were apparent in chronic CHD patients in Germany. Although the prevalence of unrecognized diabetes decreased in the later study period, the proportion of normoglycemic patients was low. As pharmacotherapy appeared fairly well implemented, stronger efforts towards lifestyle interventions, mental health programs and cardiac rehabilitation might help to improve risk factor profiles in chronic CHD patients.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BeningHamoudaLeyh2016,
  author    = {Bening, C. and Hamouda, K. and Leyh, R.},
  title     = {Sex differences in volume overload in skinned fibers},
  series = {BMC Cardiovascular Disorders},
  volume    = {16},
  journal   = {BMC Cardiovascular Disorders},
  number    = {197},
  doi       = {10.1186/s12872-016-0370-8},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147896},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Background The impact of sex on cardiac morphology and function in chronic volume overload has been described in detail. However, the relation between sex and contractile properties at the actin-myosin level has not been well defined. Therefore, we evaluated the influence of sex on the contractile capacities of patients with chronic volume overload. Methods In 36 patients (18 males, 65 ± 9 years; 18 females, 65 ± 13 years) scheduled for elective mitral valve surgery due to severe mitral regurgitation (MR) with preserved left ventricular function, right auricle samples were obtained prior to extracorporal circulation. The fibers were prepared and skinned and exposed to a gradual increase in the calcium concentration (from pCa of 6.5-4.0) for calcium-induced force-developing measurements. Calcium sensitivity was also measured and recorded. Results The pCa-force relationship of the fibers obtained from males and females was significantly different, with the force values of the female fibers greater than those of male fibers at maximum calcium concentrations (pCa of 4.0: 3.6 ± 0.3 mN versus 3.2 ± 0.4 mN, p 0.02) and pCa of 4.5 2.6 ± 0.6 versus 2.0 ± 0.5, p 0.002). In contrast, the force values of female fibers were lower at mean calcium concentrations compared to those of male fibers (at 5.5 and pCa of 6.0: 1.0 ± 0.3 mN versus 1.2 ± 0.5 mN, p 0.04; 0.61 ± 0.05 versus 0.88 ± 0.09, p 0.04). Calcium sensitivity was observed at pCa of 5.0 in females and pCa of 4.5 in males. Conclusion This study demonstrated that female fibers from patients exposed to chronic volume overload developed higher force values at a given calcium concentration compared to fibers from male patients. We assume that female patients might tap the full force potential, which is required when exposed to the highest calcium concentrations in our experimental cycle. The calcium sensitivity among genders was significantly different, with the results suggesting that males have higher calcium sensitivity and might compensate for lower force values at maximal calcium concentrations by a higher affinity for calcium. Hence, female patients with MR seem to work more "energy efficient".},
  language  = {en}
}