@article{OPUS4-22781, title = {Long-term monitoring of the ANTARES optical module efficiencies using \(^{40}\)K decays in sea water}, series = {European Physical Journal C}, volume = {78}, journal = {European Physical Journal C}, organization = {The ANTARES Collaboration}, doi = {10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6132-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-227815}, pages = {1-8}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Cherenkov light induced by radioactive decay products is one of the major sources of background light for deep-sea neutrino telescopes such as ANTARES. These decays are at the same time a powerful calibration source. Using data collected by the ANTARES neutrino telescope from mid 2008 to 2017, the time evolution of the photon detection efficiency of optical modules is studied. A modest loss of only 20\% in 9 years is observed. The relative time calibration between adjacent modules is derived as well.}, language = {en} } @article{OPUS4-22778, title = {Long-term outcomes for neoadjuvant versus adjuvant chemotherapy in early breast cancer: meta-analysis of individual patient data from ten randomised trials}, series = {Lancet Oncology}, volume = {19}, journal = {Lancet Oncology}, number = {1}, organization = {Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group (EBCTCG)}, doi = {10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30777-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-227782}, pages = {27-39}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Background Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for early breast cancer can make breast-conserving surgery more feasible and might be more likely to eradicate micrometastatic disease than might the same chemotherapy given after surgery. We investigated the long-term benefits and risks of NACT and the influence of tumour characteristics on outcome with a collaborative meta-analysis of individual patient data from relevant randomised trials. Methods We obtained information about prerandomisation tumour characteristics, clinical tumour response, surgery, recurrence, and mortality for 4756 women in ten randomised trials in early breast cancer that began before 2005 and compared NACT with the same chemotherapy given postoperatively. Primary outcomes were tumour response, extent of local therapy, local and distant recurrence, breast cancer death, and overall mortality. Analyses by intention-to-treat used standard regression (for response and frequency of breast-conserving therapy) and log-rank methods (for recurrence and mortality). Findings Patients entered the trials from 1983 to 2002 and median follow-up was 9 years (IQR 5-14), with the last follow-up in 2013. Most chemotherapy was anthracycline based (3838 [81\%] of 4756 women). More than two thirds (1349 [69\%] of 1947) of women allocated NACT had a complete or partial clinical response. Patients allocated NACT had an increased frequency of breast-conserving therapy (1504 [65\%] of 2320 treated with NACT vs 1135 [49\%] of 2318 treated with adjuvant chemotherapy). NACT was associated with more frequent local recurrence than was adjuvant chemotherapy: the 15 year local recurrence was 21.4\% for NACT versus 15.9\% for adjuvant chemotherapy (5.5\% increase [95\% CI 2.4-8.6]; rate ratio 1.37 [95\% CI 1.17-1.61]; p = 0.0001). No significant difference between NACT and adjuvant chemotherapy was noted for distant recurrence (15 year risk 38.2\% for NACT vs 38.0\% for adjuvant chemotherapy; rate ratio 1.02 [95\% CI 0.92-1.14]; p = 0.66), breast cancer mortality (34.4\% vs 33.7\%; 1.06 [0.95-1.18]; p = 0.31), or death from any cause (40.9\% vs 41.2\%; 1.04 [0.94-1.15]; p = 0.45). Interpretation Tumours downsized by NACT might have higher local recurrence after breast-conserving therapy than might tumours of the same dimensions in women who have not received NACT. Strategies to mitigate the increased local recurrence after breast-conserving therapy in tumours downsized by NACT should be considered-eg, careful tumour localisation, detailed pathological assessment, and appropriate radiotherapy. Copyright (c) The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.}, language = {en} } @article{OPUS4-22774, title = {Characterisation of the Hamamatsu photomultipliers for the KM3NeT Neutrino Telescope}, series = {Journal of Instrumentation}, volume = {13}, journal = {Journal of Instrumentation}, organization = {The KM3NeT collaboration}, doi = {10.1088/1748-0221/13/05/P05035}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-227744}, pages = {1-14}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The Hamamatsu R12199-023-inch photomultiplier tube is the photodetector chosen for the first phase of the KM3NeT neutrino telescope. About 7000 photomultipliers have been characterised for dark count rate, timing spread and spurious pulses. The quantum efficiency, the gain and the peak-to-valley ratio have also been measured for a sub-sample in order to determine parameter values needed as input to numerical simulations of the detector.}, language = {en} } @article{AbtErdmenger2018, author = {Abt, Raimond and Erdmenger, Johanna}, title = {Properties of modular Hamiltonians on entanglement plateaux}, series = {Journal of High Energy Physics}, volume = {11}, journal = {Journal of High Energy Physics}, number = {2}, doi = {10.1007/JHEP11(2018)002}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-227693}, pages = {1-22}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The modular Hamiltonian of reduced states, given essentially by the logarithm of the reduced density matrix, plays an important role within the AdS/CFT correspondence in view of its relation to quantum information. In particular, it is an essential ingredient for quantum information measures of distances between states, such as the relative entropy and the Fisher information metric. However, the modular Hamiltonian is known explicitly only for a few examples. For a family of states rho(lambda) that is parametrized by a scalar lambda, the first order contribution in (lambda) over tilde = lambda-lambda(0) of the modular Hamiltonian to the relative entropy between rho(lambda) and a reference state rho(lambda 0) is completely determined by the entanglement entropy, via the first law of entanglement. For several examples, e.g. for ball-shaped regions in the ground state of CFTs, higher order contributions are known to vanish. In these cases the modular Hamiltonian contributes to the Fisher information metric in a trivial way. We investigate under which conditions the modular Hamiltonian provides a non-trivial contribution to the Fisher information metric, i.e. when the contribution of the modular Hamiltonian to the relative entropy is of higher order in (lambda) over tilde. We consider one-parameter families of reduced states on two entangling regions that form an entanglement plateau, i.e. the entanglement entropies of the two regions saturate the Araki-Lieb inequality. We show that in general, at least one of the relative entropies of the two entangling regions is expected to involve (lambda) over tilde contributions of higher order from the modular Hamiltonian. Furthermore, we consider the implications of this observation for prominent AdS/CFT examples that form entanglement plateaux in the large N limit.}, language = {en} } @article{KlenkeQuastPrelogetal.2018, author = {Klenke, Daniela and Quast, Anja and Prelog, Martina and Holl-Wieden, Annette and Riekert, Maximilian and Stellzig-Eisenhauer, Angelika and Meyer-Marcotty, Philipp}, title = {TMJ pathomorphology in patients with JIA-radiographic parameters for early diagnosis-}, series = {Head \& Face Medicine}, volume = {14}, journal = {Head \& Face Medicine}, doi = {10.1186/s13005-018-0173-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-325882}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Background Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is often accompanied by pathomorphological changes to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). By analyzing orthodontical orthopantomograms of JIA patients the aims of the study were a) classification of condyle changes, b) quantification of bony asymmetries of condylar destruction and c) detection of relationships between disease duration and TMJ-involvement. Patients/Methods 46 caucasian JIA-patients (28 female; 18 male; < 16.0 years) were enrolled, each joint (n = 92) was morphologically assessed by means of orthopantomogram, quantitatively analysed and compared with duration of general disease. Condyle morphology was assessed using the Billiau scale for severity of destruction [1]. The quantitative analysis was based on ratios of condyle, ramus and mandible height. Results Patients were divided into groups (Group I - slightly affected, n = 36; Billiau severity 0-2; condyle findings: X-ray normal, condyle erosions, condylar flattening; Group II - severely affected, N = 10; Billiau severity 3-4; condyle findings: condylar flattenings and erosions, unilateral/bilateral complete loss of condyles), based on morphological analysis of condylar destruction. Duration of disease was significantly longer in Group II (8.9 ± 5.2 years) than in Group I (4.6 ± 4.7 years). Asymmetries of condyle, ramus and mandible height, quantitatively analysed by contralateral comparison, were significantly more marked in patients of Group II than of Group I. Conclusions Orthopantomogram imaging can be used in orthodontics clinical routine to detect TMJ-pathologies and is an important reference for monitoring progression of JIA. Classification into severe and slightly affected TMJ is possible by analysis of condylar pathomorphology. An association between degree of destruction, extent of lower jaw asymmetry and disease duration is suggested by the results.}, language = {en} } @article{SemlerAnderlStraubUttneretal.2018, author = {Semler, Elisa and Anderl-Straub, Sarah and Uttner, Ingo and Diehl-Schmid, Janine and Danek, Adrian and Einsiedler, Beate and Fassbender, Klaus and Fliessbach, Klaus and Huppertz, Hans-J{\"u}rgen and Jahn, Holger and Kornhuber, Johannes and Landwehrmeyer, Bernhard and Lauer, Martin and Muche, Rainer and Prudlo, Johannes and Schneider, Anja and Schroeter, Matthias L. and Ludolph, Albert C. and Otto, Markus}, title = {A language-based sum score for the course and therapeutic intervention in primary progressive aphasia}, series = {Alzheimer's Research \& Therapy}, volume = {10}, journal = {Alzheimer's Research \& Therapy}, organization = {FLTD consortium}, doi = {10.1186/s13195-018-0345-3}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-236277}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Background With upcoming therapeutic interventions for patients with primary progressive aphasia (PPA), instruments for the follow-up of patients are needed to describe disease progression and to evaluate potential therapeutic effects. So far, volumetric brain changes have been proposed as clinical endpoints in the literature, but cognitive scores are still lacking. This study followed disease progression predominantly in language-based performance within 1 year and defined a PPA sum score which can be used in therapeutic interventions. Methods We assessed 28 patients with nonfluent variant PPA, 17 with semantic variant PPA, 13 with logopenic variant PPA, and 28 healthy controls in detail for 1 year. The most informative neuropsychological assessments were combined to a sum score, and associations between brain atrophy were investigated followed by a sample size calculation for clinical trials. Results Significant absolute changes up to 20\% in cognitive tests were found after 1 year. Semantic and phonemic word fluency, Boston Naming Test, Digit Span, Token Test, AAT Written language, and Cookie Test were identified as the best markers for disease progression. These tasks provide the basis of a new PPA sum score. Assuming a therapeutic effect of 50\% reduction in cognitive decline for sample size calculations, a number of 56 cases is needed to find a significant treatment effect. Correlations between cognitive decline and atrophy showed a correlation up to r = 0.7 between the sum score and frontal structures, namely the superior and inferior frontal gyrus, as well as with left-sided subcortical structures. Conclusion Our findings support the high performance of the proposed sum score in the follow-up of PPA and recommend it as an outcome measure in intervention studies.}, language = {en} } @article{AndratschkeAlheidAllgaeueretal.2018, author = {Andratschke, N. and Alheid, H. and Allg{\"a}uer, M. and Becker, G. and Blanck, O. and Boda-Heggemann, J. and Brunner, T. and Duma, M. and Gerum, S. and Guckenberger, M. and Hildebrandt, G. and Klement, R. J. and Lewitzki, V. and Ostheimer, C. and Papachristofilou, A. and Petersen, C. and Schneider, T. and Semrau, R. and Wachter, S. and Habermehl, D.}, title = {The SBRT database initiative of the German Society for Radiation Oncology (DEGRO): patterns of care and outcome analysis of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for liver oligometastases in 474 patients with 623 metastases}, series = {BMC Cancer}, volume = {18}, journal = {BMC Cancer}, doi = {10.1186/s12885-018-4191-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-221116}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Background The intent of this pooled analysis as part of the German society for radiation oncology (DEGRO) stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) initiative was to analyze the patterns of care of SBRT for liver oligometastases and to derive factors influencing treated metastases control and overall survival in a large patient cohort. Methods From 17 German and Swiss centers, data on all patients treated for liver oligometastases with SBRT since its introduction in 1997 has been collected and entered into a centralized database. In addition to patient and tumor characteristics, data on immobilization, image guidance and motion management as well as dose prescription and fractionation has been gathered. Besides dose response and survival statistics, time trends of the aforementioned variables have been investigated. Results In total, 474 patients with 623 liver oligometastases (median 1 lesion/patient; range 1-4) have been collected from 1997 until 2015. Predominant histologies were colorectal cancer (n = 213 pts.; 300 lesions) and breast cancer (n = 57; 81 lesions). All centers employed an SBRT specific setup. Initially, stereotactic coordinates and CT simulation were used for treatment set-up (55\%), but eventually were replaced by CBCT guidance (28\%) or more recently robotic tracking (17\%). High variance in fraction (fx) number (median 1 fx; range 1-13) and dose per fraction (median: 18.5 Gy; range 3-37.5 Gy) was observed, although median BED remained consistently high after an initial learning curve. Median follow-up time was 15 months; median overall survival after SBRT was 24 months. One- and 2-year treated metastases control rate of treated lesions was 77\% and 64\%; if maximum isocenter biological equivalent dose (BED) was greater than 150 Gy EQD2Gy, it increased to 83\% and 70\%, respectively. Besides radiation dose colorectal and breast histology and motion management methods were associated with improved treated metastases control. Conclusion After an initial learning curve with regards to total cumulative doses, consistently high biologically effective doses have been employed translating into high local tumor control at 1 and 2 years. The true impact of histology and motion management method on treated metastases control deserve deeper analysis. Overall survival is mainly influenced by histology and metastatic tumor burden.}, language = {en} } @article{BreuerMattheisenFranketal.2018, author = {Breuer, Ren{\´e} and Mattheisen, Manuel and Frank, Josef and Krumm, Bertram and Treutlein, Jens and Kassem, Layla and Strohmaier, Jana and Herms, Stefan and M{\"u}hleisen, Thomas W. and Degenhardt, Franziska and Cichon, Sven and N{\"o}then, Markus M. and Karypis, George and Kelsoe, John and Greenwood, Tiffany and Nievergelt, Caroline and Shilling, Paul and Shekhtman, Tatyana and Edenberg, Howard and Craig, David and Szelinger, Szabolcs and Nurnberger, John and Gershon, Elliot and Alliey-Rodriguez, Ney and Zandi, Peter and Goes, Fernando and Schork, Nicholas and Smith, Erin and Koller, Daniel and Zhang, Peng and Badner, Judith and Berrettini, Wade and Bloss, Cinnamon and Byerley, William and Coryell, William and Foroud, Tatiana and Guo, Yirin and Hipolito, Maria and Keating, Brendan and Lawson, William and Liu, Chunyu and Mahon, Pamela and McInnis, Melvin and Murray, Sarah and Nwulia, Evaristus and Potash, James and Rice, John and Scheftner, William and Z{\"o}llner, Sebastian and McMahon, Francis J. and Rietschel, Marcella and Schulze, Thomas G.}, title = {Detecting significant genotype-phenotype association rules in bipolar disorder: market research meets complex genetics}, series = {International Journal of Bipolar Disorders}, volume = {6}, journal = {International Journal of Bipolar Disorders}, doi = {10.1186/s40345-018-0132-x}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-220509}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Background Disentangling the etiology of common, complex diseases is a major challenge in genetic research. For bipolar disorder (BD), several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been performed. Similar to other complex disorders, major breakthroughs in explaining the high heritability of BD through GWAS have remained elusive. To overcome this dilemma, genetic research into BD, has embraced a variety of strategies such as the formation of large consortia to increase sample size and sequencing approaches. Here we advocate a complementary approach making use of already existing GWAS data: a novel data mining procedure to identify yet undetected genotype-phenotype relationships. We adapted association rule mining, a data mining technique traditionally used in retail market research, to identify frequent and characteristic genotype patterns showing strong associations to phenotype clusters. We applied this strategy to three independent GWAS datasets from 2835 phenotypically characterized patients with BD. In a discovery step, 20,882 candidate association rules were extracted. Results Two of these rules—one associated with eating disorder and the other with anxiety—remained significant in an independent dataset after robust correction for multiple testing. Both showed considerable effect sizes (odds ratio ~ 3.4 and 3.0, respectively) and support previously reported molecular biological findings. Conclusion Our approach detected novel specific genotype-phenotype relationships in BD that were missed by standard analyses like GWAS. While we developed and applied our method within the context of BD gene discovery, it may facilitate identifying highly specific genotype-phenotype relationships in subsets of genome-wide data sets of other complex phenotype with similar epidemiological properties and challenges to gene discovery efforts.}, language = {en} } @article{CoelhoKultimaCosteaetal.2018, author = {Coelho, Luis Pedro and Kultima, Jens Roat and Costea, Paul Igor and Fournier, Coralie and Pan, Yuanlong and Czarnecki-Maulden, Gail and Hayward, Matthew Robert and Forslund, Sofia K. and Schmidt, Thomas Sebastian Benedikt and Descombes, Patrick and Jackson, Janet R. and Li, Qinghong and Bork, Peer}, title = {Similarity of the dog and human gut microbiomes in gene content and response to diet}, series = {Microbiome}, volume = {6}, journal = {Microbiome}, doi = {10.1186/s40168-018-0450-3}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-223177}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Background Gut microbes influence their hosts in many ways, in particular by modulating the impact of diet. These effects have been studied most extensively in humans and mice. In this work, we used whole genome metagenomics to investigate the relationship between the gut metagenomes of dogs, humans, mice, and pigs. Results We present a dog gut microbiome gene catalog containing 1,247,405 genes (based on 129 metagenomes and a total of 1.9 terabasepairs of sequencing data). Based on this catalog and taxonomic abundance profiling, we show that the dog microbiome is closer to the human microbiome than the microbiome of either pigs or mice. To investigate this similarity in terms of response to dietary changes, we report on a randomized intervention with two diets (high-protein/low-carbohydrate vs. lower protein/higher carbohydrate). We show that diet has a large and reproducible effect on the dog microbiome, independent of breed or sex. Moreover, the responses were in agreement with those observed in previous human studies. Conclusions We conclude that findings in dogs may be predictive of human microbiome results. In particular, a novel finding is that overweight or obese dogs experience larger compositional shifts than lean dogs in response to a high-protein diet.}, language = {en} } @article{WevrettFenwickScuffhametal.2018, author = {Wevrett, Jill and Fenwick, Andrew and Scuffham, James and Johansson, Lena and Gear, Jonathan and Schl{\"o}gl, Susanne and Segbers, Marcel and Sj{\"o}green-Gleisner, Katarina and Soln{\´y}, Pavel and Lassmann, Michael and Tipping, Jill and Nisbet, Andrew}, title = {Inter-comparison of quantitative imaging of lutetium-177 (\(^{177}\)Lu) in European hospitals}, series = {EJNMMI Physics}, volume = {5}, journal = {EJNMMI Physics}, doi = {10.1186/s40658-018-0213-z}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-233658}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Background This inter-comparison exercise was performed to demonstrate the variability of quantitative SPECT/CT imaging for lutetium-177 (\(^{177}\)Lu) in current clinical practice. Our aim was to assess the feasibility of using international inter-comparison exercises as a means to ensure consistency between clinical sites whilst enabling the sites to use their own choice of quantitative imaging protocols, specific to their systems. Dual-compartment concentric spherical sources of accurately known activity concentrations were prepared and sent to seven European clinical sites. The site staff were not aware of the true volumes or activity within the sources—they performed SPECT/CT imaging of the source, positioned within a water-filled phantom, using their own choice of parameters and reported their estimate of the activities within the source. Results The volumes reported by the participants for the inner section of the source were all within 29\% of the true value and within 60\% of the true value for the outer section. The activities reported by the participants for the inner section of the source were all within 20\% of the true value, whilst those reported for the outer section were up to 83\% different to the true value. Conclusions A variety of calibration and segmentation methods were used by the participants for this exercise which demonstrated the variability of quantitative imaging across clinical sites. This paper presents a method to assess consistency between sites using different calibration and segmentation methods.}, language = {en} } @article{ZeinerZinkeKowalewskietal.2018, author = {Zeiner, P. S. and Zinke, J. and Kowalewski, D. J. and Bernatz, S. and Tichy, J. and Ronellenfitsch, M. W. and Thorsen, F. and Berger, A. and Forster, M. T. and Muller, A. and Steinbach, J. P. and Beschorner, R. and Wischhusen, J. and Kvasnicka, H. M. and Plate, K. H. and Stefanović, S. and Weide, B. and Mittelbronn, M. and Harter, P. N.}, title = {CD74 regulates complexity of tumor cell HLA class II peptidome in brain metastasis and is a positive prognostic marker for patient survival}, series = {Acta Neuropathologica Communications}, volume = {6}, journal = {Acta Neuropathologica Communications}, doi = {10.1186/s40478-018-0521-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-233882}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Abstract Despite multidisciplinary local and systemic therapeutic approaches, the prognosis for most patients with brain metastases is still dismal. The role of adaptive and innate anti-tumor response including the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) machinery of antigen presentation is still unclear. We present data on the HLA class II-chaperone molecule CD74 in brain metastases and its impact on the HLA peptidome complexity. We analyzed CD74 and HLA class II expression on tumor cells in a subset of 236 human brain metastases, primary tumors and peripheral metastases of different entities in association with clinical data including overall survival. Additionally, we assessed whole DNA methylome profiles including CD74 promoter methylation and differential methylation in 21 brain metastases. We analyzed the effects of a siRNA mediated CD74 knockdown on HLA-expression and HLA peptidome composition in a brain metastatic melanoma cell line. We observed that CD74 expression on tumor cells is a strong positive prognostic marker in brain metastasis patients and positively associated with tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs). Whole DNA methylome analysis suggested that CD74 tumor cell expression might be regulated epigenetically via CD74 promoter methylation. CD74\(^{high}\) and TIL\(^{high}\) tumors displayed a differential DNA methylation pattern with highest enrichment scores for antigen processing and presentation. Furthermore, CD74 knockdown in vitro lead to a reduction of HLA class II peptidome complexity, while HLA class I peptidome remained unaffected. In summary, our results demonstrate that a functional HLA class II processing machinery in brain metastatic tumor cells, reflected by a high expression of CD74 and a complex tumor cell HLA peptidome, seems to be crucial for better patient prognosis.}, language = {en} } @article{OPUS4-34784, title = {Measurement of differential cross sections of isolated-photon plus heavy-flavour jet production in \(pp\) collisions at √\(s\) = 8 TeV using the ATLAS detector}, series = {Physics Letters B}, volume = {776}, journal = {Physics Letters B}, organization = {The ATLAS Collaboration}, doi = {10.1016/j.physletb.2017.11.054}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-347841}, pages = {295-317}, year = {2018}, abstract = {This Letter presents the measurement of differential cross sections of isolated prompt photons produced in association with a b-jet or a c-jet. These final states provide sensitivity to the heavy-flavour content of the proton and aspects related to the modelling of heavy-flavour quarks in perturbative QCD. The measurement uses proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2012 corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 20.2 fb-1 . The differential cross sections are measured for each jet flavour with respect to the transverse energy of the leading photon in two photon pseudorapidity regions: |η γ | < 1.37 and 1.56 < |η γ | < 2.37. The measurement covers photon transverse energies 25 < Eγ T < 400 GeV and 25 < Eγ T < 350 GeV respectively for the two |η γ | regions. For each jet flavour, the ratio of the cross sections in the two |η γ | regions is also measured. The measurement is corrected for detector effects and compared to leading-order and next- to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculations, based on various treatments and assumptions about the heavy-flavour content of the proton. Overall, the predictions agree well with the measurement, but some deviations are observed at high photon transverse energies. The total uncertainty in the measurement ranges between 13\% and 66\%, while the central γ + b measurement exhibits the smallest uncertainty, ranging from 13\% to 27\%, which is comparable to the precision of the theoretical predictions.}, language = {en} } @article{OPUS4-22680, title = {Direct top-quark decay width measurement in the t(t)over-bar lepton+jets channel at root \(s\)=8 TeV with the ATLAS experiment}, series = {European Physical Journal C}, volume = {78}, journal = {European Physical Journal C}, number = {129}, organization = {The ATLAS Collaboration}, doi = {10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-5595-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-226805}, pages = {1-30}, year = {2018}, abstract = {This paper presents a direct measurement of the decay width of the top quark using t (t) over bar events in the lepton+jets final state. The data sample was collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 20.2 fb(-1). The decay width of the top quark is measured using a template fit to distributions of kinematic observables associated with the hadronically and semileptonically decaying top quarks. The result, Gamma(t) = 1.76 +/- 0.33 (stat.) (+0.79)(-0.68) (syst.) GeV for a top-quark mass of 172.5 GeV, is consistent with the prediction of the Standard Model.}, language = {en} } @article{OPUS4-22679, title = {Measurement of τ polarisation in \(Z/\)γ* -> τ τ decays in proton-proton collisions at root \(s\)=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector}, series = {European Physical Journal C}, volume = {78}, journal = {European Physical Journal C}, number = {163}, organization = {The ATLAS Collaboration}, doi = {10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-5619-1}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-226794}, pages = {1-30}, year = {2018}, abstract = {This paper presents a measurement of the polarisation of tau leptons produced in Z/gamma* -> tau tau decays which is performed with a dataset of proton-proton collisions at root s = 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.2 fb(-1) recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2012. The Z/gamma* -> tau tau decays are reconstructed from a hadronically decaying tau lepton with a single charged particle in the final state, accompanied by a tau lepton that decays leptonically. The tau polarisation is inferred from the relative fraction of energy carried by charged and neutral hadrons in the hadronic tau decays. The polarisation is measured in a fiducial region that corresponds to the kinematic region accessible to this analysis. The tau polarisation extracted over the full phase space within the Z/gamma* mass range of 66 < mZ/gamma* < 116GeVis found to be P-tau = -0.14 +/- 0.02(stat)+/- 0.04(syst). It is in agreement with the Standard Model prediction of Pt = -0.1517 +/- 0.0019, which is obtained from the ALP-GEN event generator interfaced with the PYTHIA 6 parton shower modelling and the TAUOLA tau decay library.}, language = {en} } @article{OPUS4-34679, title = {Constraints on off-shell Higgs boson production and the Higgs boson total width in \(ZZ\) → 4l and \(ZZ\) → 2l2ν final states with the ATLAS detector}, series = {Physics Letters B}, volume = {786}, journal = {Physics Letters B}, organization = {The ATLAS Collaboration}, doi = {10.1016/j.physletb.2018.09.048}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-346791}, pages = {223-244}, year = {2018}, abstract = {A measurement of off-shell Higgs boson production in the ZZ -> 4l and ZZ -> 2l2v decay channels, where stands for either an electron or a muon, is performed using data from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of root s = 13 TeV. The data were collected by the ATLAS experiment in 2015 and 2016 at the Large Hadron Collider, and they correspond to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb(-1). An observed (expected) upper limit on the off-shell Higgs signal strength, defined as the event yield normalised to the Standard Model prediction, of 3.8 (3.4) is obtained at 95\% confidence level (CL). Assuming the ratio of the Higgs boson couplings to the Standard Model predictions is independent of the momentum transfer of the Higgs production mechanism considered in the analysis, a combination with the on-shell signal-strength measurements yields an observed (expected) 95\% CL upper limit on the Higgs boson total width of 14.4 (15.2) MeV.}, language = {en} } @article{OPUS4-22678, title = {Search for \({WW/WZ}\) resonance production in \(lvqq\) final states in \(pp\) collisions at root \(s\)=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector}, series = {Journal of High Energy Physics}, volume = {42}, journal = {Journal of High Energy Physics}, organization = {The ATLAS Collaboration}, doi = {10.1007/JHEP03(2018)042}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-226787}, pages = {1-44}, year = {2018}, abstract = {A search is conducted for new resonances decaying into a WW or WZ boson pair, where one W boson decays leptonically and the other W or Z boson decays hadronically. It is based on proton-proton collision data with an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb(-1) collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy of root s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. The search is sensitive to diboson resonance production via vector-boson fusion as well as quark-antiquark annihilation and gluon-gluon fusion mechanisms. No significant excess of events is observed with respect to the Standard Model backgrounds. Several benchmark models are used to interpret the results. Limits on the production cross section are set for a new narrow scalar resonance, a new heavy vector-boson and a spin-2 Kaluza-Klein graviton.}, language = {en} } @article{OPUS4-22673, title = {Measurements of Higgs boson properties in the diphoton decay channel with 36 fb\(^{-1}\) of \(pp\) collision data at root \(s\)=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector}, series = {Physical Review D}, volume = {98}, journal = {Physical Review D}, organization = {The ATLAS Collaboration}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRevD.98.052005}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-226733}, pages = {1-87}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Properties of the Higgs boson are measured in the two-photon final state using 36.1 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data recorded at root s = 13 TeV by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. Cross-section measurements for the production of a Higgs boson through gluon-gluon fusion, vector-boson fusion, and in association with a vector boson or a top-quark pair are reported. The signal strength, defined as the ratio of the observed to the expected signal yield, is measured for each of these production processes as well as inclusively. The global signal strength measurement of 0.99 +/- 0.14 improves on the precision of the ATLAS measurement at root s = 7 and 8 TeV by a factor of two. Measurements of gluon-gluon fusion and vector-boson fusion productions yield signal strengths compatible with the Standard Model prediction. Measurements of simplified template cross sections, designed to quantify the different Higgs boson production processes in specific regions of phase space, are reported. The cross section for the production of the Higgs boson decaying to two isolated photons in a fiducial region closely matching the experimental selection of the photons is measured to be 55 +/- 10 fb, which is in good agreement with the Standard Model prediction of 64 +/- 2 fb. Furthermore, cross sections in fiducial regions enriched in Higgs boson production in vector-boson fusion or in association with large missing transverse momentum, leptons or top-quark pairs are reported. Differential and double-differential measurements are performed for several variables related to the diphoton kinematics as well as the kinematics and multiplicity of the jets produced in association with a Higgs boson. These differential cross sections are sensitive to higher order QCD corrections and properties of the Higgs boson, such as its spin and CP quantum numbers. No significant deviations from a wide array of Standard Model predictions are observed. Finally, the strength and tensor structure of the Higgs boson interactions are investigated using an effective Lagrangian, which introduces additional CP-even and CP-odd interactions. No significant new physics contributions are observed.}, language = {en} } @article{OPUS4-22677, title = {Measurements of t(t)over-bar differential cross-sections of highly boosted top quarks decaying to all-hadronic final states in \(pp\) collisions at root \(s\)=13 Te V using the ATLAS detector}, series = {Physical Review D}, volume = {98}, journal = {Physical Review D}, organization = {The ATLAS Collaboration}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRevD.98.012003}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-226771}, pages = {39}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Measurements are made of differential cross-sections of highly boosted pair-produced top quarks as a function of top-quark and t (t) over bar system kinematic observables using proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of root s = 13 TeV. The data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb(-1), recorded in 2015 and 2016 with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Events with two large-radius jets in the final state, one with transverse momentum p(T) > 500 GeV and a second with p(T) > 350 GeV, are used for the measurement. The top-quark candidates are separated from the multijet background using jet substructure information and association with a b-tagged jet. The measured spectra are corrected for detector effects to a particle-level fiducial phase space and a parton-level limited phase space, and are compared to several Monte Carlo simulations by means of calculated chi(2) values. The cross-section for t (t) over bar production in the fiducial phase-space region is 292 +/- 7(stat) +/- 71(syst) tb, to be compared to the theoretical prediction of 384 +/- 36 fb.}, language = {en} } @article{OPUS4-22675, title = {Search for supersymmetry in final states with charm jets and missing transverse momentum in 13 TeV \(pp\) collisions with the ATLAS detector}, series = {Journal of High Energy Physics}, volume = {09}, journal = {Journal of High Energy Physics}, organization = {The ATLAS Collaboration}, doi = {10.1007/JHEP09(2018)050}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-226752}, pages = {1-43}, year = {2018}, abstract = {A search for supersymmetric partners of top quarks decaying as (t) over tilde (1) -> c (chi) over tilde (0)(1)and supersymmetric partners of charm quarks decaying as (c) over tilde (1) -> c (chi) over tilde (0)(1) where (chi) over tilde (0)(1) is the lightest neutralino, is presented. The search uses 36.1 fb(-1) pp collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider and is performed in final states with jets identified as containing charm hadrons. Assuming a 100\% branching ratio to c (chi) over tilde (0)(1), top and charm squarks with masses up to 850 GeV are excluded at 95\% confidence level for a massless lightest neutralino. For m (t) over tilde (1,(c) over tilde1) - m((chi) over tilde 10)< 100 GeV, top and charm squark masses up to 500 GeV are excluded.}, language = {en} } @article{OPUS4-22672, title = {Search for Low-Mass Dijet Resonances Using Trigger-Level Jets with the ATLAS Detector in \(pp\) Collisions at root \(s\)=13 TeV}, series = {Physical Review Letters}, volume = {121}, journal = {Physical Review Letters}, organization = {The ATLAS Collaboration}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.081801}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-226725}, pages = {1-20}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Searches for dijet resonances with sub-TeV masses using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider can be statistically limited by the bandwidth available to inclusive single-jet triggers, whose data-collection rates at low transverse momentum are much lower than the rate from standard model multijet production. This Letter describes a new search for dijet resonances where this limitation is overcome by recording only the event information calculated by the jet trigger algorithms, thereby allowing much higher event rates with reduced storage needs. The search targets low-mass dijet resonances in the range 450-1800 GeV. The analyzed data set has an integrated luminosity of up to 29.3 fb(-1) and was recorded at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. No excesses are found; limits are set on Gaussian-shaped contributions to the dijet mass distribution from new particles and on a model of dark-matter particles with axial-vector couplings to quarks.}, language = {en} }