@phdthesis{Baia2002,
  author    = {Baia, Gheorghe Lucian},
  title     = {Theory and applications of confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy on hybrid polymer coatings and PDMS membranes and spectroscopic studies of doped B2O3-Bi2O3 glass systems},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-4606},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2002},
  abstract  = {The thesis consists of two major parts. The first part contains a theoretical-experimental study of confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy on hybrid polymer coatings and an application of this spectroscopic method on PDMS-membranes. The theoretical-experimental study includes the application of a model that describes the influence of the refraction effect on the focus length on confocal Raman experiments, and the development of a new model that additionally takes into account the effect of diffraction on the focus dimensions. A parallel comparison between these two theoretical approaches and experimental data has been also drawn and a better agreement between theory and experiment was observed, when both refraction and diffraction effects were considered. Further, confocal resonance micro-Raman spectroscopy has been applied to characterise the diffusion processes of pharmacologically relevant molecules (b-carotene dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide) through a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-membrane. The diffusion rate as a function of the measurement depth and diffusion time as well as the concentration gradient under a steady flux have been determined. The measurements shown that the confocal micro-Raman technique is a powerful tool to investigate the kinetics of diffusion processes within a membrane before the steady state has been reached. The second part of the thesis contains infrared and Raman spectroscopic studies of copper and iron doped B2O3-Bi2O3 glass systems. These studies were performed to obtain specific data regarding their local structure and the role played by dopant ions on boron and bismuthate units. The changes of B2O3 and Bi2O3 structural units due to the relaxation of the amorphous structure, which was induced in these samples by the thermal treatment, were also evidenced.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Bolboaca2002,
  author    = {Bolboaca, Monica-Maria},
  title     = {Vibrational characterisation of coordination and biologically active compounds by means of IR absorption, Raman and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy in combination with theoretical simulations},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-4616},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2002},
  abstract  = {The thesis contains two major parts. The first part deals with structural investigations on different coordination compounds performed by using infrared absorption and FT-Raman spectroscopy in combination with density functional theory calculations. In the first section of this part the starting materials Ph2P-N(H)SiMe3 and Ph3P=NSiMe3 and their corresponding [(MeSi)2NZnPh2P-NSiMe3]2 and Li(o-C6H4PPh2NSiMe3)]2·Et2O complexes have been investigated in order to determine the influence of the metal coordination on the P-N bond length. In the next section the vibrational spectra of four hexacoordinated silicon(IV) and germanium(IV) complexes with three symmetrical bidentate oxalato(2-) ligands have been elucidated. Kinetic investigations of the hydrolysis of two of them, one with silicon and another one with germanium, have been carried out at room temperature and at different pH values and it was observed that the hydrolysis reaction occurs only for the silicon compound, the fastest reaction taking place at acidic pH. In the last section of this part, the geometric configurations of some hexacoordinated silicon(IV) complexes with three unsymmetrical bidentate hydroximato(2-) ligands have been determined. The second part of the thesis contains vibrational investigations of some biologically active molecules performed by means of Raman spectroscopy together with theoretical simulations. The SER spectra of these molecules at different pH values have also been analysed and the adsorption behaviour on the metal surface as well as the influence of the pH on the molecule-substrate interaction have been established.},
  subject      = {Komplexe},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Seipel2002,
  author    = {Seipel, Michael},
  title     = {Chemische Wellen und Fronten in nichtlinearen Reaktions-Diffusions-Systemen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-3392},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2002},
  abstract  = {Die vorliegende Dissertation besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit nichtlinearen Reaktions-Transport-Systemen, die in zweidimensionalen Medien chemische Wellen und propagierende Fronten ausbilden k{\"o}nnen. Grundlage dieser Art von r{\"a}umlichen Mustern sind sogenannte erregbare Systeme. Ein Themengebiet der Arbeit umfasst die Untersuchung von Spiralwellen in der Belousov-Zhabotinsky-Reaktion (BZ-Reaktion). Ein weiterer Teilabschnitt behandelt die Wechselwirkung zwischen Polymersystemen und nichtlinearen chemischen Reaktionen. In den untersuchten, r{\"a}umlich ausgedehnten Systemen spielt die Kopplung nichtlinearer chemischer Reaktionen an Transportprozesse eine wichtige Rolle. Die generischen Typen von chemischen Mustern sind Pulswellen in einer Raumdimension, kreisf{\"o}rmige Wellen und Spiralen in einem zweidimensionalen System und kugelschalen- bzw. schraubenf{\"o}rmige Wellen in drei Raumdimensionen. Auf theoretischer Basis werden Effekte von Spiralwellen bei {\"A}nderung der Erregbarkeit des Reaktionsmediums dargestellt.In der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es erstmals gelungen, eine Methode zu entwickeln, die es erlaubt die Erregbarkeit in der BZ-Reaktion sowie in einer Vielzahl weiterer nichtlinearer Reaktionen zu beeinflussen. Ein weiteres Themengebiet dieser Dissertation ist die Untersuchung von pH-Systeme in Hydrogelen. Dies sind hydrophile Gele, die ihr Volumen in w{\"a}ssrigen L{\"o}sungen ver{\"a}ndern k{\"o}nnen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden Gele auf der Basis von Acrylamid und Methacrylat als Copolymer verwendet und an die oben beschriebenen pH-Oszillatoren angekoppelt. Durch Polymerisation von Acrylamid zusammen mit Natriummethacrylat konnte ein mit einem pH-Oszillator beladenes Gel hergestellt werden, das nach Start der Reaktion durch eine kleine Menge S{\"a}ure mit einer deutlichen Volumenkontraktion reagiert. Diese Kontraktion des Gels konnte ausgenutzt werden, um die chemische Energie eines pH-Reaktionssystems in eine mechanische Kraftwirkung umzuwandeln.},
  subject      = {Hydrogel},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Roesch2002,
  author    = {R{\"o}sch, Petra},
  title     = {Raman-spektroskopische Untersuchungen an Pflanzen und Mikroorganismen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-3539},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2002},
  abstract  = {In dieser Arbeit werden Pflanzen, Pflanzengewebe, Pflanzenzellen und Mikro-organismen spektroskopisch untersucht und ihre Inhaltsstoffe unter minimaler Probenpr{\"a}paration im biologischen Gewebe direkt lokalisiert und identifiziert. Unter den verf{\"u}gbaren Schwingungs-spektroskopischen Methoden ist die Mikro-Raman-Spektroskopie f{\"u}r diese Fragestellungen besonders gut geeignet, da Wasser Raman-Spektren nur wenig beeinflusst. Daher kann mit Raman-spektroskopischen Methoden auch in stark wasserhaltigem Gewebe gemessen werden. Weiterhin erh{\"a}lt man mit der Mikro-Raman-Spektroskopie eine gute r{\"a}umliche Aufl{\"o}sung im sub-µm-Bereich, wodurch es m{\"o}glich ist, heterogene Proben zu untersuchen. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus kann die Mikro-Raman-Spektroskopie mit anderen Methoden, wie z. B. der oberfl{\"a}chenverst{\"a}rkten Raman-Spektroskopie (SERS), kombiniert werden. In pflanzlichen Zellen liegt eine Vielzahl von Substanzen in geringen Konzentrationen vor. Aufgrund der niedrigen Quantenausbeute des Raman-Effekts treten vor allem Substanzen, die eine Resonanz-Verst{\"a}rkung erfahren, in den Spektren hervor. Diese Substanzen, wie z. B. b-Carotin, k{\"o}nnen deshalb in geringen Konzentrationen detektiert werden. Der Schwerpunkt dieser Arbeit liegt in der Untersuchung von Sekund{\"a}r-Metaboliten wie Alkaloiden, Lipiden oder Terpenen, die in der Pflanze agglomerieren. Neben der Identifikation von Inhaltsstoffen, k{\"o}nnen die Raman-Spektren von Pflanzen f{\"u}r die chemotaxonomische Klassifizierung mit Hilfe der hierarchischen Clusteranalyse verwendet werden. Die Identifizierung von Mikroorganismen auch in sehr geringen Mengen (Monolage, einzelne Zellen) ist mit der Mikro-Raman-Spektroskopie nur unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen durchf{\"u}hrbar. F{\"u}r weitergehende Untersuchungen wird hier die SERS-Sonde oder ein TERS-Aufbau verwendet werden.},
  subject      = {Pflanzen},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Schluecker2001,
  author    = {Schl{\"u}cker, Sebastian},
  title     = {Lineare und nichtlineare Raman-Spektroskopie an biologisch relevanten Modellystemen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-1181438},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2001},
  abstract  = {Im Rahmen dieser Dissertation wurden insgesamt drei verschiedene Fragestellungen an biologisch relevanten Modellsystemen mit Hilfe von diversen linearen und nichtlinearen Raman-spektroskopischen Techniken bearbeitet. Neben der Untersuchung von Wasserstoffbr{\"u}cken-gebundenen Komplexen und ihrer Dynamik auf der fs-Zeitskala (Kapitel 4) bildeten Untersuchungen zur Struktur von Porphyrinen (Kapitel 5) und beta-Carotin (Kapitel 6) als Vertreter wichtiger Klassen von Biomolek{\"u}len den Schwerpunkt dieser Arbeit. Die spektroskopischen Ergebnisse wurden durchweg {\"u}ber Strukturen und Schwingungsspektren, welche mit Hilfe der Dichtefunktionaltheorie (DFT) berechnet wurden, unterst{\"u}tzt. Die dritte bearbeitete Thematik zum Nachweis anthropogener und {\"o}kologisch relevanter Aerosole war bioanalytisch motiviert und wurde anhand von Pestizid-Modellsubstanzen bearbeitet (Kapitel 7).},
  subject      = {Biomolek{\"u}l},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Moigno2001,
  author    = {Moigno, Damien},
  title     = {Study of the ligand effects on the metal-ligand bond in some new organometallic complexes using FT-Raman and -IR spectroscopy, isotopic substitution and density functional theory techniques},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-3101},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2001},
  abstract  = {The present studies which have been performed in the work-group C-2 (Prof. W. Kiefer) within the program of the Sonderforschungsbereichs 347, deal with the FT-Raman and -IR spectroscopy on new organometallic complexes, synthesized in the work-groups B-2 (Prof. W. Malisch), B-3 (Prof. W. A. Schenk), D-1 (Prof. H. Werner) and D-4 (Prof. D. Stalke). The FT-Raman spectra recorded at 1064 nm led to very useful and interesting information. Furthermore, the DFT calculations which are known to offer promise of obtaining accurate vibrational wavenumbers, were successfully used for the assignment of the vibrational spectra. For the first time it has been possible to ascribe exactly the n(RhC) stretching mode in the vinylidene rhodium(I) complex trans-[RhF(=C=CH2)(PiPr3)2] by using isotopic substitution, in conjunction with theoretical calculations. This is also true for the complexes trans-[RhF(CO)(PiPr3)2], trans-[RhF(C2H4)(PiPr3)2], trans-[RhX(=C=CHPh)(PiPr3)2] (X = F, Cl, Br, I, Me, PhCºC) and trans-[RhX(CN-2,6-xylyl)(PiPr3)2] (X = F, Cl, Br, I, CºCPh). In addition, the comparison between the n(RhC) wavenumbers of the complexes trans-[RhF(=13C=13CH2)(PiPr3)2] and trans-[RhF(CO)(PiPr3)2], containing the isoelectronic ligands 13C=13CH2 and CO, which have the same reduced mass, indicated that the Rh-C bond is stronger in the carbonyl than in the vinylidene complex. Besides, the n(RhF) stretching mode, which has been observed at higher wavenumbers in the FT-Raman and -IR spectra of trans-[RhF(CO)(PiPr3)2], showed that the carbonyl ligand is a better p-acceptor and a less effective s-donor than the vinylidene one. Moreover, the comparison of the n(CºC) and n(Rh-C) modes from the FT-Raman spectrum of the complexes trans-[Rh(CºCPh)(L)(PiPr3)2] (L = C=CHPh, CO, CN-2,6-xylyl) point out that the p-acceptor ability of the ligand trans to CºCPh should rise in the order C=CH2 < CO < CN-2,6-xylyl \pounds C=CHPh. The investigated sensitivity of the n(RhC), n(CC), n(CO) and n(CN) vibrational modes to the electronic modifications occuring in the vinylidene, carbonyl, ethylene and isonitrile complexes, should allow in the future the examination of the p-acceptor or p-donor properties of further ligands. Likewise, we were able to characterize the influence of various X ligands on the RhC bond by using the n(RhC) stretching mode as a probe for the weakening of this. The calculated wavenumbers of the n(RhC) for the vinylidene complexes trans-[RhX(=C=CHR)(PiPr3)2], where R = H or Ph, suggested that the strength of the Rh=C bond increases along the sequence X = CºCPh < CH3 < I < Br < Cl < F. For the series of carbonyl compounds trans-[RhX(CO)(PiPr3)2], where X = F, Cl, Br and I, analogous results have been obtained and confirmed from the model compounds trans-[RhX(CO)(PMe3)2]. Since, the calculated vibrational modes for the ethylene complex trans-[RhF(C2H4)(PiPr3)2] were in good agreement with the experimental results and supported the description of this complex as a metallacyclopropane, we were interested in getting more information upon this class of compounds. In this context, we have recorded the FT-Raman and -IR spectra of the thioaldehyde complexes mer-[W(CO)3(dmpe)(h2-S=CH2)] and mer-[W(CO)3(dmpe)(h2-S=CD2)] which have been synthezised by B-3. The positions of the different WL vibrational modes anticipated by the DFT calculations, were consistent with the experimental results. Indeed, the analysis of the band shifts in the FT-Raman and -IR spectra of the isotopomer mer-[W(CO)3(dmpe)(h2-S=CD2)] confirmed our assignment. The different stereoisomers of complex mer-[W(CO)3(dmpe)(h2-S=CH2)] were investigated too, since RMN and IR-data have shown that complex mer-[W(CO)3(dmpe)(h2-S=CH2)] lead in solution to an equilibrium. Since the information on the vibrational spectra of the molybdenum and tungsten complexes Cp(CO)2M-PR2-X (M = Mo, W; R = Me, tBu, Ph; X = S, Se) is very scarce, we extended our research work to this class of compounds. We have tried to elucidate the bonding properties in these chalcogenoheterocycle complexes by taking advantage of the mass effect on the different metal atoms (W vs. Mo). Thus, the observed band shifts allowed to assign most of the ML fundamental modes of these complexes. This project and the following one were a cooperation within the work-group B-2. The Raman and IR spectra of the matrix isolated photoproducts expected by the UV irradiation of the iron silyl complex Cp(CO)2FeSiH2CH3 have been already reported by Claudia Fickert and Volker Nagel in their PhD-thesis. Since no exact assignment was feasible for these spectra, we were interested in the study of the reaction products created by irradiation of the carbonyl iron silyl complex Cp(CO)2FeCH2SiH3. Although the calculated characteristic vibrational modes of the metal ligand unit for the various photoproducts are significantly different in constitution, they are very similar in wavenumbers, which did not simplify their identification. However, the theoretical results have been found to be consistent with the earlier experimental results. Finally, the last part of this thesis has been devoted to the (2-Py)2E- anions which exhibit a high selectivity toward metal-coordination. All di(2-pyridyl) amides and -phosphides which were synthesized by D-4, coordinate the R2Al+ fragment via both ring nitrogen atoms. This already suggests that the charge density in the anions is coupled into the rings and accumulated at the ring nitrogen atoms, but the Lewis basicity of the central nitrogen atom in Et2Al(2-Py)2N is still high enough to coordinate a second equivalent AlEt3 to form the Lewis acid base adduct Et2Al(2-Py)2NAlEt3. Due to the higher electronegativity of the central nitrogen atom in Me2Al(2-Py)2N, Et2Al(2-Py)2N and Et2Al(2-Py)2NAlEt3, compared to the bridging two coordinated phosphorus atom in Me2Al(2-Py)2P and Et2Al(2-Py)2P, the di(2-pyridyl)amide is the hardest Lewis base. In the phosphides merely all charge density couples into the rings leaving the central phosphorus atom only attractive for soft metals. These results were confirmed by using DFT and MP2 calculations. Moreover, a similar behaviour has been observed and described for the benzothiazolyl complex [Me2Al{Py(Bth)P}], where complementary investigations are to be continued. The DFT calculations carried out on the model compounds analysed in these studies supply very accurate wavenumbers and molecular geometries, these being in excellent agreement with the experimental results obtained from the corresponding isolated complexes.},
  subject      = {{\"U}bergangsmetallkomplexe},
  language  = {en}
}