@article{ApostolidisGkarpousisKoch2017,
  author    = {Apostolidis -Gkarpousis, Alexandros and Koch, Christian},
  title     = {Convergences et divergences dans les articles «Langage» de Louis de Jaucourt et «Langue» de Nicolas Beauz{\´e}e. Une comparaison de deux articles de l'Encyclop{\´e}die de Diderot et D'Alembert},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {3},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  issn      = {2510-2613},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-172843},
  pages     = {19-36},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The two articles of «Langage» and «Langue», published in 1765 in the 9th volume of the great French Encyclop{\´e}die by Diderot and D'Alembert, treat some essential philosophical questions on the human ability of communication with linguistic signs. Nevertheless, as the two authors Jaucourt and Beauz{\´e}e did not share completely identic points of view, the comparative lecture of both articles reveals a complementary perspective, particularly relating to the origin of language as a divine gift or humans' creation for communicative needs. A further aspect of divergence concerns the textual composition of the article « Langage » as a structured informative text, and the article « Langue » as a long and freely composed writing including personal remarks by the author. The following article deals with the potential of approaches to the Encyclop{\´e}die in modern linguistics, concretely demonstrated in the comparative analysis of these two articles.},
  language  = {fr}
}
@article{WernerSheikhbahaeiJonesetal.2017,
  author    = {Werner, Rudolf A. and Sheikhbahaei, Sara and Jones, Krystyna M. and Javadi, Mehrbod S. and Solnes, Lilja B. and Ross, Ashley E. and Allaf, Mohamad E. and Pienta, Kenneth J. and Lapa, Constantin and Buck, Andreas K. and Higuchi, Takahiro and Pomper, Martin G. and Gorin, Micheal A. and Rowe, Steven P.},
  title     = {Patterns of uptake of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted \(^{18}\)F-DCFPyL in peripheral ganglia},
  series = {Annals of Nuclear Medicine},
  volume    = {31},
  journal   = {Annals of Nuclear Medicine},
  number    = {9},
  issn      = {0914-7187},
  doi       = {10.1007/s12149-017-1201-4},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-166971},
  pages     = {696-702},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Objective: Radiotracers targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) have increasingly been recognized as showing uptake in a number of normal structures, anatomic variants, and non-prostate-cancer pathologies. We aimed to explore the frequency and degree of uptake in peripheral ganglia in patients undergoing PET with the PSMA-targeted agent \(^{18}\)F-DCFPyL. Methods: A total of 98 patients who underwent \(^{18}\)F-DCFPyL PET/CT imaging were retrospectively analyzed. This included 76 men with prostate cancer (PCa) and 22 patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC; 13 men, 9 women). Scans were evaluated for uptake in the cervical, stellate, celiac, lumbar and sacral ganglia. Maximum standardized uptake value corrected to body weight (SUV\(_{max}\)), and maximum standardized uptake value corrected to lean body mass (SUL\(_{max}\)) were recorded for all ganglia with visible uptake above background. Ganglia-to-background ratios were calculated by dividing the SUV\(_{max}\) and SUL\(_{max}\) values by the mean uptake in the ascending aorta (Aortamean) and the right gluteus muscle (Gluteusmean). Results: Overall, 95 of 98 (96.9\%) patients demonstrated uptake in at least one of the evaluated peripheral ganglia. With regard to the PCa cohort, the most frequent sites of radiotracer accumulation were lumbar ganglia (55/76, 72.4\%), followed by the cervical ganglia (51/76, 67.1\%). Bilateral uptake was found in the majority of cases [lumbar 44/55 (80\%) and cervical 30/51 (58.8\%)]. Additionally, discernible radiotracer uptake was recorded in 50/76 (65.8\%) of the analyzed stellate ganglia and in 45/76 (59.2\%) of the celiac ganglia, whereas only 5/76 (6.6\%) of the sacral ganglia demonstrated \(^{18}\)F-DCFPyL accumulation. Similar findings were observed for patients with RCC, with the most frequent locations of radiotracer uptake in both the lumbar (20/22, 90.9\%) and cervical ganglia (19/ 22, 86.4\%). No laterality preference was found in mean PSMA-ligand uptake for either the PCa or RCC cohorts. Conclusion: As PSMA-targeted agents become more widely disseminated, the patterns of uptake in structures that are not directly relevant to patients' cancers must be understood. This is the first systematic evaluation of the uptake of \(^{18}\)F-DCFPyL in ganglia demonstrating a general trend with a descending frequency of radiotracer accumulation in lumbar, cervical, stellate, celiac, and sacral ganglia. The underlying biology that leads to variability of PSMA-targeted radiotracers in peripheral ganglia is not currently understood, but may provide opportunities for future research.},
  subject      = {Positronen-Emissions-Tomografie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchindlerRichterEysser2017,
  author    = {Schindler, Julia and Richter, Tobias and Eyßer, Carolin},
  title     = {Mood moderates the effect of self-generation during learning},
  series = {Frontline Learning Research},
  volume    = {5},
  journal   = {Frontline Learning Research},
  number    = {4},
  doi       = {10.14786/flr.v5i4.296},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159282},
  pages     = {76-88},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Generating information, compared to reading, improves learning and enhances long-term retention of the learned content. This so-called generation effect has been demonstrated repeatedly for recall and recognition of single words. However, before adopting generating as a learning strategy in educational contexts, conditions moderating the effect need to be identified. This study investigated the impact of positive and negative mood states on the generation effect with short expository texts. According to the dual-force framework (Fiedler, Nickel, Asbeck, \& Pagel, 2003), positive mood should facilitate generation by enhancing creative knowledge-based top-down processing (assimilation). Negative mood, however, should facilitate learning in the read-condition by enhancing critical stimulus-driven bottom-up processing (accommodation). In contrast to our expectations, we found no general generation effect but an overall learning advantage of read compared to generated texts. However, a significant interaction of learning condition and mood indicates that learners in a better mood recall generated texts better than learners in a more negative mood, whereas no mood effect was found when the texts were read. The results of the present study partially support the predictions of the dual-force framework and are discussed in the context of recent theoretical approaches to the generation effect.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KoesslerSchwarzWeberetal.2017,
  author    = {Koessler, Juergen and Schwarz, Michaela and Weber, Katja and Etzel, Julia and Koessler, Angela and Boeck, Markus and Kobsar, Anna},
  title     = {The role of adenosine diphosphate mediated platelet responsiveness for the stability of platelet integrity in citrated whole blood under ex vivo conditions},
  series = {PLoS ONE},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {PLoS ONE},
  number    = {11},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0188193},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159879},
  pages     = {e0188193},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Background: Platelets are important for effective hemostasis and considered to be involved in pathophysiological processes, e.g. in cardiovascular diseases. Platelets provided for research or for therapeutic use are frequently separated from citrated whole blood (WB) stored for different periods of time. Although functionally intact platelets are required, the stability of platelet integrity, e.g. adenosine diphosphate (ADP) mediated responsiveness, has never been thoroughly investigated in citrated WB under ex vivo conditions. Objectives: Platelet integrity was evaluated at different time points in citrated WB units, collected from healthy donors and stored for 5 days at ambient temperature. The analysis included the measurement of activation markers, of induced light transmission aggregometry and of purinergic receptor expression or function. Inhibitory pathways were explored by determination of basal vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP)-phosphorylation, intracellular cyclic nucleotide levels and the content of phosphodiesterase 5A. Fresh peripheral blood (PB) samples served as controls. Results: On day 5 of storage, thrombin receptor activating peptide-6 (TRAP-6) stimulated CD62P expression and fibrinogen binding were comparable to PB samples. ADP induced aggregation continuously decreased during storage. Purinergic receptor expression remained unchanged, whereas the P2Y1 activity progressively declined in contrast to preserved P2Y12 and P2X1 function. Inhibitory pathways were unaffected except for a slight elevation of VASP phosphorylation at Ser\(^{239}\) on day 5. Conclusion: After 5 days of storage in citrated WB, platelet responsiveness to TRAP-6 is sufficiently maintained. However, ADP-mediated platelet integrity is more sensitive to deterioration, especially after storage for more than 2 days. Decreasing ADP-induced aggregation is particularly caused by the impairment of the purinergic receptor P2Y1 activity. These characteristics should be considered in the use of platelets from stored citrated WB for experimental or therapeutic issues.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MuelekSeefriedGenestetal.2017,
  author    = {M{\"u}lek, Melanie and Seefried, Lothar and Genest, Franca and H{\"o}gger, Petra},
  title     = {Distribution of constituents and metabolites of maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol\(^{®}\)) into serum, blood cells, and synovial fluid of patients with severe osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial},
  series = {Nutrients},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Nutrients},
  number    = {5},
  doi       = {10.3390/nu9050443},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159862},
  pages     = {443},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The present randomized controlled study aimed to investigate the in vivo distribution of constituents or metabolites of the standardized maritime pine bark extract Pycnogenol\(^{®}\). Thirty-three patients with severe osteoarthritis scheduled for a knee arthroplasty were randomized to receive either 200 mg per day Pycnogenol\(^{®}\) (P+) or no treatment (Co) over three weeks before surgery. Serum, blood cells, and synovial fluid samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (LC-ESI/MS/MS). Considerable interindividual differences were observed indicating pronounced variability of the polyphenol pharmacokinetics. Notably, the highest polyphenol concentrations were not detected in serum. Catechin and taxifolin primarily resided within the blood cells while the microbial catechin metabolite δ-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-γ-valerolactone, ferulic, and caffeic acid were mainly present in synovial fluid samples. Taxifolin was detected in serum and synovial fluid exclusively in the P+ group. Likewise, no ferulic acid was found in serum samples of the Co group. Calculating ratios of analyte distribution in individual patients revealed a simultaneous presence of some polyphenols in serum, blood cells, and/or synovial fluid only in the P+ group. This is the first evidence that polyphenols distribute into the synovial fluid of patients with osteoarthritis which supports rationalizing the results of clinical efficacy studies.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchuhmannFluri2017,
  author    = {Schuhmann, Michael K. and Fluri, Felix},
  title     = {Effects of fullerenols on mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells},
  series = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
  volume    = {18},
  journal   = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
  number    = {8},
  issn      = {1422-0067},
  doi       = {10.3390/ijms18081783},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-158072},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Fullerenols, water-soluble C60-fullerene derivatives, have been shown to exert neuroprotective effects in vitro and in vivo, most likely due to their capability to scavenge free radicals. However, little is known about the effects of fullerenols on the blood-brain barrier (BBB), especially on cerebral endothelial cells under inflammatory conditions. Here, we investigated whether the treatment of primary mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells with fullerenols impacts basal and inflammatory blood-brain barrier (BBB) properties in vitro. While fullerenols (1, 10, and 100 µg/mL) did not change transendothelial electrical resistance under basal and inflammatory conditions, 100 µg/mL of fullerenol significantly reduced erk1/2 activation and resulted in an activation of NFκB in an inflammatory milieu. Our findings suggest that fullerenols might counteract oxidative stress via the erk1/2 and NFκB pathways, and thus are able to protect microvascular endothelial cells under inflammatory conditions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BornZinnerSperlich2017,
  author    = {Born, Dennis-Peter and Zinner, Christoph and Sperlich, Billy},
  title     = {The mucosal immune function is not compromised during a period of high-intensity interval training. Is it time to reconsider an old assumption?},
  series = {Frontiers in Physiology},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Physiology},
  number    = {485},
  doi       = {10.3389/fphys.2017.00485},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-158025},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the mucosal immune function and circadian variation of salivary cortisol, Immunoglobin-A (sIgA) secretion rate and mood during a period of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) compared to long-slow distance training (LSD). Methods: Recreational male runners (n = 28) completed nine sessions of either HIIT or LSD within 3 weeks. The HIIT involved 4 × 4 min of running at 90-95\% of maximum heart rate interspersed with 3 min of active recovery while the LSD comprised of continuous running at 70-75\% of maximum heart rate for 60-80 min. The psycho-immunological stress-response was investigated with a full daily profile of salivary cortisol and immunoglobin-A (sIgA) secretion rate along with the mood state on a baseline day, the first and last day of training and at follow-up 4 days after the last day of training. Before and after the training period, each athlete's running performance and peak oxygen uptake (V·O\(_{2peak}\)) was determined with an incremental exercise test. Results: The HIIT resulted in a longer time-to-exhaustion (P = 0.02) and increased V·O\(_{2peak}\) compared to LSD (P = 0.01). The circadian variation of sIgA secretion rate showed highest values in the morning immediately after waking up followed by a decrease throughout the day in both groups (P < 0.05). With HIIT, the wake-up response of sIgA secretion rate was higher on the last day of training (P < 0.01) as well as the area under the curve (AUC\(_{G}\)) higher on the first and last day of training and follow-up compared to the LSD (P = 0.01). Also the AUC\(_{G}\) for the sIgA secretion rate correlated with the increase in V·O\(_{2peak}\) and running performance. The AUC\(_{G}\) for cortisol remained unaffected on the first and last day of training but increased on the follow-up day with both, HIIT and LSD (P < 0.01). Conclusion: The increased sIgA secretion rate with the HIIT indicates no compromised mucosal immune function compared to LSD and shows the functional adaptation of the mucosal immune system in response to the increased stress and training load of nine sessions of HIIT.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WallmannSperlichBippBuckschetal.2017,
  author    = {Wallmann-Sperlich, Birgit and Bipp, Tanja and Bucksch, Jens and Froboese, Ingo},
  title     = {Who uses height-adjustable desks? - Sociodemographic, health-related, and psycho-social variables of regular users},
  series = {International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity},
  number    = {26},
  doi       = {10.1186/s12966-017-0480-4},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-157888},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Background: Sit-to-stand height-adjustable desks (HAD) may promote workplace standing, as long as workers use them on a regular basis. The aim of this study was to investigate (i) how common HAD in German desk-based workers are, and how frequently HADs are used, (ii) to identify sociodemographic, health-related, and psycho-social variables of workday sitting including having a HAD, and (iii) to analyse sociodemographic, health-related, and psycho-social variables of users and non-users of HADs. Methods: A cross-sectional sample of 680 participants (51.9\% men; 41.0 ± 13.1 years) in a desk-based occupation was interviewed by telephone about their occupational sitting and standing proportions, having and usage of a HAD, and answered questions concerning psycho-social variables of occupational sitting. The proportion of workday sitting was calculated for participants having an HAD (n = 108) and not-having an HAD (n = 573), as well as for regular users of HAD (n = 54), and irregular/non-users of HAD (n = 54). Linear regressions were conducted to calculate associations between socio-demographic, health-related, psychosocial variables and having/not having an HAD, and the proportion of workday sitting. Logistic regressions were executed to examine the association of mentioned variables and participants' usage of HADs. Results: Sixteen percent report that they have an HAD, and 50\% of these report regular use of HAD. Having an HAD is not a correlate of the proportion of workday sitting. Further analysis restricted to participants having available a HAD highlights that only the 'perceived advantages of sitting less' was significantly associated with HAD use in the fully adjusted model (OR 1.75 [1.09; 2.81], p < 0.05). Conclusions: The present findings indicate that accompanying behavioral action while providing an HAD is promising to increase the regular usage of HAD. Hence, future research needs to address the specificity of behavioral actions in order to enhance regular HAD use, and needs to give more fundamental insights into these associations.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WangIpKlausKarikarietal.2017,
  author    = {Wang Ip, Chi and Klaus, Laura-Christin and Karikari, Akua A. and Visanji, Naomi P. and Brotchie, Jonathan M. and Lang, Anthony E. and Volkmann, Jens and Koprich, James B.},
  title     = {AAV1/2-induced overexpression of A53T-α-synuclein in the substantia nigra results in degeneration of the nigrostriatal system with Lewy-like pathology and motor impairment: a new mouse model for Parkinson's disease},
  series = {Acta Neuropathologica Communications},
  volume    = {5},
  journal   = {Acta Neuropathologica Communications},
  number    = {11},
  doi       = {10.1186/s40478-017-0416-x},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159429},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {α-Synuclein is a protein implicated in the etiopathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). AAV1/2-driven overexpression of human mutated A53T-α-synuclein in rat and monkey substantia nigra (SN) induces degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurons and decreases striatal dopamine and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). Given certain advantages of the mouse, especially it being amendable to genetic manipulation, translating the AAV1/2-A53T α-synuclein model to mice would be of significant value. AAV1/2-A53T α-synuclein or AAV1/2 empty vector (EV) at a concentration of 5.16 x 10\(^{12}\) gp/ml were unilaterally injected into the right SN of male adult C57BL/6 mice. Post-mortem examinations included immunohistochemistry to analyze nigral α-synuclein, Ser129 phosphorylated α-synuclein and TH expression, striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) levels by autoradiography and dopamine levels by high performance liquid chromatography. At 10 weeks, in AAV1/2-A53T α-synuclein mice there was a 33\% reduction in TH+ dopaminergic nigral neurons (P < 0.001), 29\% deficit in striatal DAT binding (P < 0.05), 38\% and 33\% reductions in dopamine (P < 0.001) and DOPAC (P < 0.01) levels and a 60\% increase in dopamine turnover (homovanilic acid/dopamine ratio; P < 0.001). Immunofluorescence showed that the AAV1/2-A53T α-synuclein injected mice had widespread nigral and striatal expression of vector-delivered A53T-α-synuclein. Concurrent staining with human PD SN samples using gold standard histological methodology for Lewy pathology detection by proteinase K digestion and application of specific antibody raised against human Lewy body α-synuclein (LB509) and Ser129 phosphorylated α-synuclein (81A) revealed insoluble α-synuclein aggregates in AAV1/2-A53T α-synuclein mice resembling Lewy-like neurites and bodies. In the cylinder test, we observed significant paw use asymmetry in the AAV1/2-A53T α-synuclein group when compared to EV controls at 5 and 9 weeks post injection (P < 0.001; P < 0.05). These data show that unilateral injection of AAV1/2-A53T α-synuclein into the mouse SN leads to persistent motor deficits, neurodegeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system and development of Lewy-like pathology, thereby reflecting clinical and pathological hallmarks of human PD.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RoemerBollazziRoces2017,
  author    = {R{\"o}mer, Daniela and Bollazzi, Martin and Roces, Flavio},
  title     = {Carbon dioxide sensing in an obligate insect-fungus symbiosis: CO\(_{2}\) preferences of leaf-cutting ants to rear their mutualistic fungus},
  series = {PLoS ONE},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {PLoS ONE},
  number    = {4},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0174597},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159561},
  pages     = {e0174597},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Defense against biotic or abiotic stresses is one of the benefits of living in symbiosis. Leaf-cutting ants, which live in an obligate mutualism with a fungus, attenuate thermal and desiccation stress of their partner through behavioral responses, by choosing suitable places for fungus-rearing across the soil profile. The underground environment also presents hypoxic (low oxygen) and hypercapnic (high carbon dioxide) conditions, which can negatively influence the symbiont. Here, we investigated whether workers of the leaf-cutting ant Acromyrmex lundii use the CO\(_{2}\) concentration as an orientation cue when selecting a place to locate their fungus garden, and whether they show preferences for specific CO\(_{2}\) concentrations. We also evaluated whether levels preferred by workers for fungus-rearing differ from those selected for themselves. In the laboratory, CO\(_{2}\) preferences were assessed in binary choices between chambers with different CO\(_{2}\) concentrations, by quantifying number of workers in each chamber and amount of relocated fungus. Leaf-cutting ants used the CO\(_{2}\) concentration as a spatial cue when selecting places for fungus-rearing. A. lundii preferred intermediate CO\(_{2}\) levels, between 1 and 3\%, as they would encounter at soil depths where their nest chambers are located. In addition, workers avoided both atmospheric and high CO\(_{2}\) levels as they would occur outside the nest and at deeper soil layers, respectively. In order to prevent fungus desiccation, however, workers relocated fungus to high CO\(_{2}\) levels, which were otherwise avoided. Workers' CO\(_{2}\) preferences for themselves showed no clear-cut pattern. We suggest that workers avoid both atmospheric and high CO\(_{2}\) concentrations not because they are detrimental for themselves, but because of their consequences for the symbiotic partner. Whether the preferred CO\(_{2}\) concentrations are beneficial for symbiont growth remains to be investigated, as well as whether the observed preferences for fungus-rearing influences the ants' decisions where to excavate new chambers across the soil profile.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HergovitsMaisHaanetal.2017,
  author    = {Hergovits, Sabine and Mais, Christine and Haan, Claude and Costa-Pereira, Ana P. and Hermanns, Heike M.},
  title     = {Oncostatin M induces RIG-I and MDA5 expression and enhances the double-stranded RNA response in fibroblasts},
  series = {Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine},
  volume    = {21},
  journal   = {Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine},
  number    = {11},
  doi       = {10.1111/jcmm.13221},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159558},
  pages     = {3087-3099},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Interleukin (IL)-6-type cytokines have no direct antiviral activity; nevertheless, they display immune-modulatory functions. Oncostatin M (OSM), a member of the IL-6 family, has recently been shown to induce a distinct number of classical interferon stimulated genes (ISG). Most of them are involved in antigen processing and presentation. However, induction of retinoic acid-inducible gene (RIG)-I-like receptors (RLR) has not been investigated. Here we report that OSM has the capability to induce the expression of the DExD/H-Box RNA helicases RIG-I and melanoma differentiation antigen 5 (MDA5) as well as of the transcription factors interferon regulatory factor (IRF)1, IRF7 and IRF9 in primary fibroblasts. Induction of the helicases depends on tyrosine as well as serine phosphorylation of STAT1. Moreover, we could show that the OSM-induced STAT1 phosphorylation is predominantly counter-regulated by a strong STAT3-dependent SOCS3 induction, as Stat3 as well as Socs3 knock-down results in an enhanced and prolonged helicase and IRF expression. Other factors involved in regulation of STAT1 or IRF1 activity, like protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 2 (PTPN2), promyelocytic leukaemia protein (PML) or small ubiquitin-related modifier 1 (SUMO1), play a minor role in OSM-mediated induction of RLR. Remarkably, OSM and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) synergize to mediate transcription of RLR and pre-treatment of fibroblasts with OSM fosters the type I interferon production in response to a subsequent encounter with double-stranded RNA. Together, these findings suggest that the OSM-induced JAK/STAT1 signalling is implicated in virus protection of non-professional immune cells and may cooperate with interferons to enhance RLR expression in these cells.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KlughammerDittrichBlometal.2017,
  author    = {Klughammer, Johanna and Dittrich, Marcus and Blom, Jochen and Mitesser, Vera and Vogel, Ulrich and Frosch, Matthias and Goesmann, Alexander and M{\"u}ller, Tobias and Schoen, Christoph},
  title     = {Comparative genome sequencing reveals within-host genetic changes in Neisseria meningitidis during invasive disease},
  series = {PLoS ONE},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {PLoS ONE},
  number    = {1},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0169892},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159547},
  pages     = {e0169892},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Some members of the physiological human microbiome occasionally cause life-threatening disease even in immunocompetent individuals. A prime example of such a commensal pathogen is Neisseria meningitidis, which normally resides in the human nasopharynx but is also a leading cause of sepsis and epidemic meningitis. Using N. meningitidis as model organism, we tested the hypothesis that virulence of commensal pathogens is a consequence of within host evolution and selection of invasive variants due to mutations at contingency genes, a mechanism called phase variation. In line with the hypothesis that phase variation evolved as an adaptation to colonize diverse hosts, computational comparisons of all 27 to date completely sequenced and annotated meningococcal genomes retrieved from public databases showed that contingency genes are indeed enriched for genes involved in host interactions. To assess within-host genetic changes in meningococci, we further used ultra-deep whole-genome sequencing of throat-blood strain pairs isolated from four patients suffering from invasive meningococcal disease. We detected up to three mutations per strain pair, affecting predominantly contingency genes involved in type IV pilus biogenesis. However, there was not a single (set) of mutation(s) that could invariably be found in all four pairs of strains. Phenotypic assays further showed that these genetic changes were generally not associated with increased serum resistance, higher fitness in human blood ex vivo or differences in the interaction with human epithelial and endothelial cells in vitro. In conclusion, we hypothesize that virulence of meningococci results from accidental emergence of invasive variants during carriage and without within host evolution of invasive phenotypes during disease progression in vivo.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{JessbergerHoeggerGenestetal.2017,
  author    = {Jessberger, Steffen and H{\"o}gger, Petra and Genest, Franca and Salter, Donald M. and Seefried, Lothar},
  title     = {Cellular pharmacodynamic effects of Pycnogenol\(^{®}\) in patients with severe osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled pilot study},
  series = {BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine},
  volume    = {17},
  journal   = {BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine},
  number    = {537},
  doi       = {10.1186/s12906-017-2044-1},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159532},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Background: The standardized maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol\(^{®}\)) has previously shown symptom alleviating effects in patients suffering from moderate forms of knee osteoarthritis (OA). The cellular mechanisms for this positive impact are so far unknown. The purpose of the present randomized pilot controlled study was to span the knowledge gap between the reported clinical effects of Pycnogenol\(^{®}\) and its in vivo mechanism of action in OA patients. Methods: Thirty three patients with severe OA scheduled for a knee arthroplasty either received 100 mg of Pycnogenol\(^{®}\) twice daily or no treatment (control group) three weeks before surgery. Cartilage, synovial fluid and serum samples were collected during surgical intervention. Relative gene expression of cartilage homeostasis markers were analyzed in the patients' chondrocytes. Inflammatory and cartilage metabolism mediators were investigated in serum and synovial fluid samples. Results: The oral intake of Pycnogenol\(^{®}\) downregulated the gene expression of various cartilage degradation markers in the patients' chondrocytes, the decrease of MMP3, MMP13 and the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL1B were statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05). Additionally, protein concentrations of ADAMTS-5 in serum were reduced significantly (p ≤ 0.05) after three weeks intake of the pine bark extract. Conclusions: This is the first report about positive cellular effects of a dietary supplement on key catabolic and inflammatory markers in patients with severe OA. The results provide a rational basis for understanding previously reported clinical effects of Pycnogenol\(^{®}\) on symptom scores of patients suffering from OA.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HaertleElHajjDittrichetal.2017,
  author    = {Haertle, Larissa and El Hajj, Nady and Dittrich, Marcus and M{\"u}ller, Tobias and Nanda, Indrajit and Lehnen, Harald and Haaf, Thomas},
  title     = {Epigenetic signatures of gestational diabetes mellitus on cord blood methylation},
  series = {Clinical Epigenetics},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Clinical Epigenetics},
  number    = {28},
  doi       = {10.1186/s13148-017-0329-3},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159459},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Background: Intrauterine exposure to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) confers a lifelong increased risk for metabolic and other complex disorders to the offspring. GDM-induced epigenetic modifications modulating gene regulation and persisting into later life are generally assumed to mediate these elevated disease susceptibilities. To identify candidate genes for fetal programming, we compared genome-wide methylation patterns of fetal cord bloods (FCBs) from GDM and control pregnancies. Methods and results: Using Illumina's 450K methylation arrays and following correction for multiple testing, 65 CpG sites (52 associated with genes) displayed significant methylation differences between GDM and control samples. Four candidate genes, ATP5A1, MFAP4, PRKCH, and SLC17A4, from our methylation screen and one, HIF3A, from the literature were validated by bisulfite pyrosequencing. The effects remained significant after adjustment for the confounding factors maternal BMI, gestational week, and fetal sex in a multivariate regression model. In general, GDM effects on FCB methylation were more pronounced in women with insulin-dependent GDM who had a more severe metabolic phenotype than women with dietetically treated GDM. Conclusions: Our study supports an association between maternal GDM and the epigenetic status of the exposed offspring. Consistent with a multifactorial disease model, the observed FCB methylation changes are of small effect size but affect multiple genes/loci. The identified genes are primary candidates for transmitting GDM effects to the next generation. They also may provide useful biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of adverse prenatal exposures.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HillmannWiedmannRueckeretal.2017,
  author    = {Hillmann, Steffi and Wiedmann, Silke and R{\"u}cker, Viktoria and Berger, Klaus and Nabavi, Darius and Bruder, Ingo and Koennecke, Hans-Christian and Seidel, G{\"u}nter and Misselwitz, Bj{\"o}rn and Janssen, Alfred and Burmeister, Christoph and Matthis, Christine and Busse, Otto and Hermanek, Peter and Heuschmann, Peter Ulrich},
  title     = {Stroke unit care in Germany: the German stroke registers study group (ADSR)},
  series = {BMC Neurology},
  volume    = {17},
  journal   = {BMC Neurology},
  number    = {49},
  doi       = {10.1186/s12883-017-0819-0},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159447},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Background: Factors influencing access to stroke unit (SU) care and data on quality of SU care in Germany are scarce. We investigated characteristics of patients directly admitted to a SU as well as patient-related and structural factors influencing adherence to predefined indicators of quality of acute stroke care across hospitals providing SU care. Methods: Data were derived from the German Stroke Registers Study Group (ADSR), a voluntary network of 9 regional registers for monitoring quality of acute stroke care in Germany. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate characteristics influencing direct admission to SU. Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) were used to estimate the influence of structural hospital characteristics (percentage of patients admitted to SU, year of SU-certification, and number of stroke and TIA patients treated per year) on adherence to predefined quality indicators. Results: In 2012 180,887 patients were treated in 255 hospitals providing certified SU care participating within the ADSR were included in the analysis; of those 82.4\% were directly admitted to a SU. Ischemic stroke patients without disturbances of consciousness (p < .0001), an interval onset to admission time ≤3 h (p < .0001), and weekend admission (p < .0001) were more likely to be directly admitted to a SU. A higher proportion of quality indicators within predefined target ranges were achieved in hospitals with a higher proportion of SU admission (p = 0.0002). Quality of stroke care could be maintained even if certification was several years ago. Conclusions: Differences in demographical and clinical characteristics regarding the probability of SU admission were observed. The influence of structural characteristics on adherence to evidence-based quality indicators was low.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BeningHamoudaOezkuretal.2017,
  author    = {Bening, Constanze and Hamouda, Khaled and Oezkur, Mehmet and Schimmer, Christoph and Schade, Ina and Gorski, Armin and Aleksic, Ivan and Leyh, Rainer},
  title     = {Rapid deployment valve system shortens operative times for aortic valve replacement through right anterior minithoracotomy},
  series = {Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery},
  number    = {27},
  doi       = {10.1186/s13019-017-0598-0},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159439},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Background: There is growing evidence from the literature that right anterior minithoracotomy aortic valve replacement (RAT-AVR) improves clinical outcome. However, increased cross clamp time is the strongest argument for surgeons not performing RAT-AVR. Rapid deployment aortic valve systems have the potential to decrease cross-clamp time and ease this procedure. We assessed clinical outcome of rapid deployment and conventional valves through RAT. Methods: Sixty-eight patients (mean age 76 ± 6 years, 32\% females) underwent RAT-AVR between 9/2013 and 7/2015. According to the valve type implanted the patients were divided into two groups. In 43 patients (R-group; mean age 74.1 ± 6.6 years) a rapid deployment valve system (Edwards Intuity, Edwards Lifesciences Corp; Irvine, Calif) and in 25 patients (C-group; mean age 74.2 ± 6.6 years) a conventional stented biological aortic valve was implanted. Results: Aortic cross-clamp (42.1 ± 12 min vs. 68.3 ± 20.3 min; p < 0.001) and bypass time (80.4 ± 39.3 min vs. 106.6 ± 23.2 min; p = 0.001) were shorter in the rapid deployment group (R-group). We observed no differences in clinical outcome. Postoperative gradients (R-group: max gradient, 14.3 ± 8 mmHg vs. 15.5 ± 5 mmHg (C-group), mean gradient, 9.2 ± 1.7 mmHg (R-group) vs. 9.1 ± 2.3 mmHg (C-group) revealed no differences. However, larger prostheses were implanted in C-group (25 mm; IQR 23-27 mm vs. 23 mm; IQR 21-25; p = 0.009). Conclusions: Our data suggest that the rapid deployment aortic valve system reduced cross clamp and bypass time in patients undergoing RAT-AVR with similar hemodynamics as with larger size stented prosthesis. However, larger studies and long-term follow-up are mandatory to confirm our findings.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GilbertKleinWengetal.2017,
  author    = {Gilbert, Fabian and Klein, Detlef and Weng, Andreas Max and K{\"o}stler, Herbert and Schmitz, Benedikt and Schmalzl, Jonas and B{\"o}hm, Dirk},
  title     = {Supraspinatus muscle elasticity measured with real time shear wave ultrasound elastography correlates with MRI spectroscopic measured amount of fatty degeneration},
  series = {BMC Muscoskeletal Disorders},
  volume    = {18},
  journal   = {BMC Muscoskeletal Disorders},
  number    = {549},
  doi       = {10.1186/s12891-017-1911-8},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159378},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Background: Fatty Degeneration (FD) of the rotator cuff muscles influences functional and anatomical outcome after rotator cuff repair. The MRI based estimation of fatty degeneration is the gold standard. There is some evidence that Ultrasound elastography (EUS) can detect local differences of tissue stiffness in muscles and tendons. Shear-wave elastography (SWE) was evaluated to determine the extent to which shear wave velocity was associated with measures of fatty degeneration. MRI-spectroscopic fat measurement was used as a reference to quantify the amount of fat in the muscle belly. Methods: Forty-two patients underwent SWE of the supraspinatus muscles at its thickest diameter. After ultrasound evaluation an MRI-spectroscopic fat measurement of the supraspinatus muscle was performed using the SPLASH-technique. A gel filled capsule was used to locate the measured area in the MRI. The values of shear wave velocity (SWV) measured with SWE and spectroscopic fat measurement were correlated statistically using Pearson's correlation test. Results: Correlation of the fat amount measured with MRI-spectroscopy and the SWV measured with SWE was ρ =0.82. Spectroscopic measured fat ratio of the supraspinatus muscle ranged from 0\% to 77.41\% and SWV from 1.59 m/s to 5.32 m/s. In 4 patients no sufficient SWE could be performed, these individuals showed a larger diameter of the overlying soft tissue. SWV measured with SWE showed a good correlation with MRI spectroscopic fat amount of the supraspinatus muscle. Conclusion: These preliminary data suggest that SWE may be a sufficient tool in detecting and estimating the amount of fatty degeneration in the supraspinatus muscle in real time. Large overlying soft tissue may be a limitation in performing sufficient EUS.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BecamWalterBurgertetal.2017,
  author    = {Becam, J{\´e}r{\^o}me and Walter, Tim and Burgert, Anne and Schlegel, Jan and Sauer, Markus and Seibel, J{\"u}rgen and Schubert-Unkmeir, Alexandra},
  title     = {Antibacterial activity of ceramide and ceramide analogs against pathogenic Neisseria},
  series = {Scientific Reports},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {Scientific Reports},
  doi       = {10.1038/s41598-017-18071-w},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159367},
  pages     = {17627},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Certain fatty acids and sphingoid bases found at mucosal surfaces are known to have antibacterial activity and are thought to play a more direct role in innate immunity against bacterial infections. Herein, we analysed the antibacterial activity of sphingolipids, including the sphingoid base sphingosine as well as short-chain C\(_{6}\) and long-chain C\(_{16}\)-ceramides and azido-functionalized ceramide analogs against pathogenic Neisseriae. Determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) demonstrated that short-chain ceramides and a ω-azido-functionalized C\(_{6}\)-ceramide were active against Neisseria meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae, whereas they were inactive against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Kinetic assays showed that killing of N. meningitidis occurred within 2 h with ω-azido-C\(_{6}\)-ceramide at 1 X the MIC. Of note, at a bactericidal concentration, ω-azido-C\(_{6}\)-ceramide had no significant toxic effect on host cells. Moreover, lipid uptake and localization was studied by flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and revealed a rapid uptake by bacteria within 5 min. CLSM and super-resolution fluorescence imaging by direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy demonstrated homogeneous distribution of ceramide analogs in the bacterial membrane. Taken together, these data demonstrate the potent bactericidal activity of sphingosine and synthetic short-chain ceramide analogs against pathogenic Neisseriae.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RodriguesUlrichMusseletal.2017,
  author    = {Rodrigues, Johannes and Ulrich, Natalie and Mussel, Patrick and Carlo, Gustavo and Hewig, Johannes},
  title     = {Measuring prosocial tendencies in Germany: sources of validity and reliablity of the revised prosocial tendency measure},
  series = {Frontiers in Psychology},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Psychology},
  doi       = {10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02119},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159351},
  pages     = {2119},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The prosocial tendencies measure (PTM; Carlo and Randall, 2002) is a widely used measurement for prosocial tendencies in English speaking participants. This instrument distinguishes between six different types of prosocial tendencies that partly share some common basis, but also can be opposed to each other. To examine these constructs in Germany, a study with 1067 participants was conducted. The study investigated the structure of this German version of the PTM-R via exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlations with similar constructs in subsamples as well as via measurement invariance test concerning the original English version. The German translation showed a similar factor structure to the English version in exploratory factor analysis and in confirmatory factor analysis. Measurement invariance was found between the English and German language versions of the PTM and support for the proposed six-factor structure (altruistic, anonymous, compliant, dire, emotional and public prosocial behavior) was also found in confirmatory factor analysis. Furthermore, the expected interrelations of these factors of prosocial behavior tendencies were obtained. Finally, correlations of the prosocial behavior tendencies with validating constructs and behaviors were found. Thus, the findings stress the importance of seeing prosocial behavior not as a single dimension construct, but as a factored construct which now can also be assessed in German speaking participants.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ZinnerBornSperlich2017,
  author    = {Zinner, Christoph and Born, Dennis-Peter and Sperlich, Billy},
  title     = {Ischemic preconditioning does not alter performance in multidirectional high-intensity intermittent exercise},
  series = {Frontiers in Physiology},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Physiology},
  doi       = {10.3389/fphys.2017.01029},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159348},
  pages     = {1029},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Purpose: Research dealing with ischemic preconditioning (IPC) has primarily focused on variables associated to endurance performance with little research about the acute responses of IPC on repeated multidirectional running sprint performance. Here we aimed to investigate the effects of IPC of the arms and the legs on repeated running sprint performance with changes-of-direction (COD) movements. Methods: Thirteen moderately-to-well-trained team-sport athletes (7 males; 6 females; age: 24 ± 2 years, size: 175 ± 8 cm, body mass: 67.9 ± 8.1 kg) performed 16 × 30 m all-out sprints (15 s rest) with multidirectional COD movements on a Speedcourt\(^{©}\) with IPC (3 × 5 min) of the legs (IPC\(_{leg}\); 240 mm Hg) or of the arms (remote IPC: IPC\(_{remote}\); 180-190 mm Hg) 45 min before the sprints and a control trial (CON; 20 mm Hg). Results: The mean (±SD) time for the 16 × 30 m multidirectional COD sprints was similar between IPC\(_{leg}\) (Mean t: 16.0 ± 1.8 s), IPC\(_{remote}\) (16.2 ± 1.7 s), and CON (16.0 ± 1.6 s; p = 0.50). No statistical differences in oxygen uptake (mean difference: 0\%), heart rate (1.1\%) nor muscle oxygen saturation of the vastus lateralis (4.7\%) and biceps brachii (7.8\%) between the three conditions were evident (all p > 0.05). Conclusions: IPC (3 × 5 min) of the legs (220 mm Hg) or arms (180-190 mm Hg; remote IPC) applied 45 min before 16 × 30 m repeated multidirectional running sprint exercise does not improve sprint performance, oxygen uptake, heart rate nor muscle oxygen saturation of the vastus lateralis muscle when compared to a control trial.},
  language  = {en}
}