@article{PfeifferRochlitzNoelkeetal.1990, author = {Pfeiffer, A. and Rochlitz, H. and Noelke, B. and Tacke, R. and Moser, U. and Mutschler, E. and Lambrecht, G.}, title = {Muscarinic receptors mediating acid secretion in isolated rat gastric parietal cells are of M3 type}, series = {Gastroenterology}, volume = {98}, journal = {Gastroenterology}, number = {1}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-128337}, pages = {218-222}, year = {1990}, abstract = {Five subtypes of muscarinic receptors have been identified by pharmacological and molecular biological methods. The muscarinic receptor subtype mediating acid secretion at the level of the parietal cell was unknown. Therefore, this study was performed to characterize muscarinic receptors on rat gastric parietal cells using the 3 subtype-selective antagonists hexahydrosiladifenidol and silahexocyclium, which have high affinity for glandular M3 subtypes, and AF-DX 116, which has high affinity to cardiac M2 receptors. The affinity of these antagonists was determined by radioligand binding experiments. In addition, their inhibitory potency on carbachol-stimulated inositol phosphate production was investigated. Inhibition of carbachol-stimulated aminopyrine uptake was used as an indirect measure of proton production. Both M3 antagonists, hexahydrosiladifenidol and silahexocyclium, had nanomolar affinities for parietal cell muscarinic receptors and potently antagonized inositol phosphate production with nanomolar Ki values. Silahexocyclium similarly antagonized aminopyrine accumulation while hexahydrosiladifenidol behaved as a noncompetitive antagonist. AF-DX 116 was a low-affinity ligand and a weak competitive antagonist at parietal-cell muscarinic receptors. It was concluded that muscarinic M3 receptors mediate acid secretion probably by activation of the phosphoinositide second messenger system in rat gastric parietal cells.}, language = {en} } @article{PfeifferHanackKoppetal.1990, author = {Pfeiffer, A. and Hanack, C. and Kopp, R. and Tacke, R. and Moser, U. and Mutschler, E. and Lambrecht, G. and Herawi, M.}, title = {Human Gastric Mucosa Expresses Glandular M3 Subtype of Muscarinic Receptors}, series = {Digestive Diseases and Sciences}, volume = {35}, journal = {Digestive Diseases and Sciences}, number = {12}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-128286}, pages = {1468-1472}, year = {1990}, abstract = {Five subtypes of muscarinic receptors have been distinguished by pharmacological and molecular biological methods. This report characterizes the muscarinic subtype present in human gastric mucosa by radioligand binding studies. The receptor density was 27 ± 6 fmol/mg protein and the tritiated ligand N-methylscopolamine had an affinity of (Kn) 0.39 ± 0.08 nM (n = 11). The M1 receptor selective antagonist pirenzepine and the M2 receptor selective ligand AF-DX 116 had low affinities of 148 ± 32 nM (n = 13) and 4043 ± 1011 nM (n = 3) K n , respectively. The glandular M3 antagonists hexahydrosiladifenidol and silahexocyclium had high affinities ofKn 78 ± 23 nM (n = 5) and 5.6 ± 1.8 nM (n = 3). The agonist carbachol interacted with a single low-affinity site and binding was insensitive to modulation by guanine nucleotides. Antagonist and agonist binding studies thus showed an affinity profile typical of M3 receptors of the glandular type.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Wilhelm1990, author = {Wilhelm, Gernot}, title = {Marginalien zu Herodot, Klio 199}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87812}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {1990}, abstract = {no Abstract available}, subject = {Semitistik}, language = {de} } @article{Wilhelm1990, author = {Wilhelm, Gernot}, title = {"Verhafte ihn!"}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-72383}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {Alter Orient}, language = {de} } @article{vonGehlenMatthesOkruschetal.1990, author = {von Gehlen, K. and Matthes, S. and Okrusch, Martin and Richter, P. and R{\"o}hr, C. and Sch{\"u}ssler, Ulrich}, title = {Metapyroxenite in der KTB-Vorbohrung}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87539}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {Kontinentales Tiefbohrprogramm der Bundesrepublik Deutschland}, language = {de} } @incollection{SodianSchneider1990, author = {Sodian, Beate and Schneider, Wolfgang}, title = {Ged{\"a}chtnisentwicklung im Vorschulalter: "Theoriewandel" im kindlichen Verst{\"a}ndnis des Lernens und Erinnerns?}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87505}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {Ged{\"a}chtnis}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{SchneiderWeinert1990, author = {Schneider, Wolfgang and Weinert, Franz E.}, title = {The role of knowledge, strategies, and aptitudes in cognitive Performance: Concluding Comments}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87190}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {Kognitive Entwicklung}, language = {en} } @incollection{SchneiderSodian1990, author = {Schneider, Wolfgang and Sodian, Beate}, title = {Ged{\"a}chtnisentwicklung im Vorschulalter: "Theoriewandel" im kindlichen Verst{\"a}ndnis des Lernens und Erinnerns?}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87183}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {Entwicklungspsychologie}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{SchneiderKoerkelWeinert1990, author = {Schneider, Wolfgang and K{\"o}rkel, Joachim and Weinert, Franz E.}, title = {Expert knowledge, general abilities, and text processing}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87175}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {Kognitive Entwicklung}, language = {en} } @book{KruegerKohnenDiehletal.1990, author = {Kr{\"u}ger, Hans-Peter and Kohnen, Ralf and Diehl, Monika and H{\"u}ppe, Angelika}, title = {Auswirkungen geringer Alkoholmengen auf Fahrverhalten und Verkehrssicherheit (Problemstudie)}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87068}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {1990}, abstract = {Die Literaturstudie zum Thema "Auswirkungen geringer Alkoholmengen auf Fahrverhalten und Verkehrssicherheit• (FP 8707) w{\"a}hlte aus rund 100 000 gepr{\"u}ften Literaturangaben, nach strengen methodischen Kriterien , 1 126 empirische Befunde im Bereich unter 0,84 Promille BAK aus. Es zeigt sich , daß ab 0,3 Promille BAK nachweisbare Wirkungen des Alkohols vorhanden sind. Bis zu 0,5 Promille sind diese noch stark von den untersuchten Personen und Situationen abh{\"a}ngig, so daß dieser Bereich nicht maßnahmenrelevant erscheint. Bei Konzentrationen {\"u}ber 0 ,5 Promille hat Alkohol deutliche Wirkungen in Verkehrssituationen, die ein hohes Maß an Kontrollprozessen verlangen. Solche sind gefordert, wenn das Fahren an rasch wechselnde, unvorhersehbare Situationen angepaßt werden muß oder wenn sich mehrere Anforderungen gleichzeitig stellen . Ebenfalls deutliche Wirkungen sind in Verkehrssituationen zu erwarten. die einen sozialen Aufforderungsgehalt haben, insbesondere solche mit aggressionsausl{\"o}senden Reizen (etwa Bedr{\"a}ngen , {\"U}berholtwerden, Vorfahrtsfragen usw). Geringere Wirkungen zeigen sich in Standardsituationen wie Abbiegen, {\"U}berholen usw. Fast keine Wirkungen zeigen sich in nicht beanspruchenden Situationen , wo eine leichte Beeintr{\"a}chtigung nicht leistungsmindernd ins Gewicht f{\"a}llt oder durch eine Erh{\"o}hung der Anstrengung kompensiert werden kann. Die gleiche BAK ist umso gef{\"a}hrlicher, je weniger der Fahrer {\"u}ber automatisierte Handlungen verf{\"u}gen kann, je mehr er auf Kontrollprozesse angewiesen ist. Dies ist der Fall vor allem bei wenig ge{\"u}bten Fahrern, regelhaft bei Fahranf{\"a}ngern. Aber auch {\"a}lteren Verkehrsteilnehmer mit ihren gr{\"o}ßeren Schwierigkeiten bei Kontrollprozessen sind in besonderem Maße betroffen. Legt man die in\S 24a StVG f{\"u}r den Grenzwert von 0 ,8 ausgesprochene Wirkungsvermutung zugrunde, zeigt das Review eindeutig , daß eine BAK {\"u}ber 0,5 Promille in vielen Verkehrssituationen (nicht in allen ) und/oder bei zahlenm{\"a}ßig großen Risikopopulationen (nicht bei allen) die Leistungen so deutlich mindert, daß von einer abstrakten Gef{\"a}hrdung des Straßenverkehrs auszugehen ist. Damit ist eine Absenkung des Gefahrengrenzwerts auf 0,5 Promille zu bef{\"u}rworten .}, subject = {Alkohol}, language = {de} } @article{Sponholz1990, author = {Sponholz, Barbara}, title = {Silicate karst in eastern Niger - a geomorphological study}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86846}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {Niger }, language = {en} } @article{SchulzJosephBaumhaueretal.1990, author = {Schulz, Erhard and Joseph, Alain and Baumhauer, Roland and Schultze, Ekkerhard and Sponholz, Barbara}, title = {Upper Pleistocene and Holocene history of the Bilma region (Kawar, NE-Niger)}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86828}, year = {1990}, abstract = {A 42 m drilling was pertormed in the depresalon of Bilma, Xawar, NE-Niger. The sediment and pollen records show that after an initial deposition of dune sands there were repeated lake phases which terminated by desiccation and consolidation of spring mounds. The pollen record indicates a continuous presence of savanna vegetation. The record probably covers the period between the Upper Pleistocene and the Late Holocene. The climate was characterised by a monssonal summer rain regime giving effective rain fall of about 450-500 mm per year. Groundwater recharge was possible but estimates of the amount of water resources are difficult because of the karstic system of the escarpment and the nearly unknown hydrogeological situation.}, subject = {Pleistoz{\"a}n}, language = {en} } @article{Wilhelm1990, author = {Wilhelm, Gernot}, title = {Zur babylonisch-assyrischen Schultradition in Ḫattuša}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86457}, year = {1990}, abstract = {no Abstract available}, subject = {Boğazkale}, language = {de} } @article{BarnekowJahnSchartl1990, author = {Barnekow, Angelika and Jahn, Reinhard and Schartl, Manfred}, title = {Synaptophysin: a substrate for the protein tyrosine kinase pp60c-src in intact synaptic vesicles}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86168}, year = {1990}, abstract = {Expression of pp60 c-src, the first well defined proto-oncogene product, is developmentally regulated and tissue-specific, with neuronal tissues displaying high amounts of the c-src encoded pp60 c-src kinase activity. In the central nervous system pp60 s-src is preferentially expressed in regions characterized by a high content of grey matter and elevated density of nerve terminals. In this study we show for the first time a direct interaction between pp60 c-src and synaptophysin as a physiological target protein in neurons by demonstrating that endogenous pp60 c-src is able to phosphorylate synaptophysin (p38). p38 is a major constituent of the synaptic vesicle membrane protein and is thought to play a key role in the exocytosis of small synaptic vesicles and possibly small clear vesicles in neuroendocrine cells.}, subject = {Synaptophysin}, language = {en} } @incollection{SchneiderBruegelmannKochan1990, author = {Schneider, Wolfgang and Br{\"u}gelmann, Hans and Kochan, Barbara}, title = {Lesen- und Schreibenlernen in neuer Sicht : vier Perspektiven auf den Stand der Forschung}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86573}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {Lesenlernen}, language = {de} } @article{OpwisGoldGruberetal.1990, author = {Opwis, Klaus and Gold, Andreas and Gruber, Hans and Schneider, Wolfgang}, title = {Zum Einfluß von Expertise auf Ged{\"a}chtnisleistungen sowie deren Selbsteinsch{\"a}tzung bei Kindern und Erwachsenen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86565}, year = {1990}, abstract = {Junge und erwachsene Schachexperten und -novizen wurden bez{\"u}glich ihrer Behaltensleistungen f{\"u}r kurzzeitig dargebotene Schachstellungen und f{\"u}r Anordnungen geometrischer K{\"o}rper miteinander verglichen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine differenzierte Wirksamkeit von Expertise in Abh{\"a}ngigkeit von der Vertrautheit mit dem zu Lernenden Material und von der Art der Aufgabenstellung. Je vorwissensbezogener das zu Lernende Material ist, desto deutlicher ist der Einfluß von Expertise auf Ged{\"a}chtnisleistungen nachweisbar. Dies gilt in gleicher Weise f{\"u}r unmittelbare wie f{\"u}r l{\"a}ngerfristige Behaltensleistungen und f{\"u}r den Lernfortschritt. Im Unterschied dazu zeigt sich weder bei der Vorhersage eigener k{\"u}nftiger noch bei der Bewertung erbrachter Ged{\"a}chtnisleistungen ein systematischer Einfluß von Expertise.}, subject = {Ged{\"a}chtnisleistung}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{SchneiderWeinert1990, author = {Schneider, Wolfgang and Weinert, Franz E.}, title = {The role of knowledge, strategies, and aptitudes in cognitive performance : concluding comments}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86554}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {Intelligenzleistung}, language = {en} } @incollection{SchneiderKoerkelWeinert1990, author = {Schneider, Wolfgang and K{\"o}rkel, Joachim and Weinert, Franz E.}, title = {Expert Knowledge, General Abilities, and Text Processing}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86548}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {Textverarbeitung }, language = {en} } @incollection{BjorklundMuirBroaddusSchneider1990, author = {Bjorklund, David F. and Muir-Broaddus, Jacqueline E. and Schneider, Wolfgang}, title = {The role of knowledge in the development of strategies}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86538}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {Wissen}, language = {en} } @article{SchneiderUhl1990, author = {Schneider, Wolfgang and Uhl, Christhild}, title = {Metaged{\"a}chtnis, Strategienutzung und Ged{\"a}chtnisleistung: Vergleichende Analysen bei Kindern, j{\"u}ngeren Erwachsenen und alten Menschen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-69418}, year = {1990}, abstract = {Am Beispiel einer semantischen Kategorisierungsaufgabe (sort-recall task) wurde der Frage nachgegangen, in welchen Bestimmungsgr{\"o}ßen sich die Ged{\"a}chtnisleistungen von Schulkindern, j{\"u}ngeren sowie {\"a}lteren Erwachsenen voneinander unterscheiden. Es wurde angenommen, daß f{\"u}r diese drei Altersgruppen Ged{\"a}chtnisleistungen bei dieser Aufgabe in unterschiedlicher Weise durch Strategie- und Wissensaspekte bestimmt sind. Die im Vergleich zu Schulkindern und {\"a}lteren Erwachsenen {\"u}blicherweise besseren Leistungen j{\"u}ngerer Erwachsener sollten demnach im wesentlichen auf die konsequentere Nutzung von Ged{\"a}chtnisstrategien r{\"u}ckf{\"u}hrbar sein. Erwartet wurde weiterhin, daß die bei Schulkindern und {\"a}lteren Erwachsenen oft vorfindbaren "Produktionsdefizite" in der Strategienutzung unterschiedliche Ursachen haben : fehlt es bei den Sch{\"u}lern am notwendigen Ged{\"a}chtniswissen (Metaged{\"a}chtnis), so sind die Defizite der {\"a}lteren Menschen vorwiegend auf die mangelnde Erfahrung mit der Aufgabe zur{\"u}ckzuf{\"u}hren. Diese Annahmen wurden in einer Studie mit je 24 Probanden aus den drei genannten Altersgruppen {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft. W{\"a}hrend sich das erwartete Produktionsdefizit bei den Kindern auf unzureichendes Metaged{\"a}chtnis zur{\"u}ckf{\"u}hren ließ, gab es wenig Anhaltspunkte daf{\"u}r, daß das Strategiedefizit {\"a}lterer Menschen in wesentlichen auf mangelnde Aufgabenerfahrung r{\"u}ckf{\"u}hrbar ist. Leistungsunterschiede zwischen j{\"u}ngeren und {\"a}lteren Erwachsenen beruhen nicht auf unterschiedlichem Ged{\"a}chtniswissen, sondern d{\"u}rften auf dem kombinierten Einfluß von Strategie- und Kapazit{\"a}tsdefiziten basieren.}, subject = {Metaged{\"a}chtnis}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{RethwilmBaunachMorietal.1990, author = {Rethwilm, Axel and Baunach, Gerald and Mori, Kazuyasu and ter Meulen, Volker}, title = {Transactivation of HIV by human spumaretrovirus}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86436}, year = {1990}, abstract = {To study the activation of HIV by human spumaretrovirus (HSRV) the long terminal repeats (LTRs) of HSRV, HIVl and HIV2 were examined with respect to their ability to function as transcriptional promoters in virus infected and uninfected cells. Transient transfections using plasmids in which the L TRs of the three viruses were coupled to the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CA T) gene revealed (i) the level of cat gene expression directed by the HSRV LTR was markedly increased in HSRV infected cells compared to uninfected cells, (ii) cat gene expression driven by the HIV1 LTR, but not by the HIV2 LTR could be enhanced upon HSRV infection, whereas (iii) neither in HIV1 nor in HIV2 infected cells an effect on HSRV LTR driven cat geneexpression was detected.}, subject = {HIV}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MoriRethwilmSchwinnetal.1990, author = {Mori, Kazuyasu and Rethwilm, Axel and Schwinn, Andreas and Horak, Ivan}, title = {Replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in human t-cells expressing antisense RNA}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86426}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {HIV}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchwinnRethwilmEsersetal.1990, author = {Schwinn, Andreas and Rethwilm, Axel and Esers, Stefan and Borisch, Bettina and ter Meulen, Volker}, title = {Interaction of HIV-1 and HHV-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86415}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {HIV}, language = {en} } @article{SchartlNandaSchluppetal.1990, author = {Schartl, Manfred and Nanda, Indrajit and Schlupp, Ingo and Parzefall, Jakob and Schmid, Michael and Epplen, J{\"o}rg T.}, title = {Genetic variation in the clonal vertebrate Poecilia formosa is limited to few truly hypervariable loci}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86359}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {Amazon Molly}, language = {en} } @incollection{Krueger1990, author = {Kr{\"u}ger, Hans-Peter}, title = {The driver under the influence of passenger and alcohol}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86275}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {Kraftfahrer}, language = {en} } @article{Krueger1990, author = {Kr{\"u}ger, Hans-Peter}, title = {0.5 statt 0.8 Promille - Warum eigentlich? Neue Argumente f{\"u}r eine alte Forderung}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86218}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Promillegrenze}, language = {de} } @incollection{SpielmannArendKlotzetal.1990, author = {Spielmann, W.-S. and Arend, L. J. and Klotz, Karl-Norbert and Schwabe, U.}, title = {Adenosine receptors and singnaling in the kidney}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86114}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {Adenosinrezeptor}, language = {en} } @incollection{LohseKlotzMaureretal.1990, author = {Lohse, Martin J. and Klotz, Karl-Norbert and Maurer, K. and Ott, I. and Schwabe, Ulrich}, title = {Effects of adenosine on mast cells}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86101}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Adenosin}, language = {en} } @incollection{WeinertHelmkeSchneider1990, author = {Weinert, Franz E. and Helmke, Andreas and Schneider, Wolfgang}, title = {Individual differences in learning Performance and in school achievement: Plausible parallels and some unexplained discrepancies}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-71210}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {Lernerfolg}, language = {en} } @article{WilkenKlotzTawfikSchlieperetal.1990, author = {Wilken, Anke and Klotz, Karl-Norbert and Tawfik-Schlieper, Hoda and Schwabe, Ulrich}, title = {Pharmacological characterization of the adenylate cyclase-coupled adenosine receptor in isolated guinea pig atrial myocytes}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86061}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {Pharmakologie}, language = {en} } @article{SchartlSchartl1990, author = {Schartl, Angelika and Schartl, Manfred}, title = {Genes and cancer: Molecular biology of the melanoma oncogene of Xiphophorus}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-72670}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {Schwertk{\"a}rpfling}, language = {en} } @article{SchuesslerOkruschPatzaketal.1990, author = {Sch{\"u}ssler, Ulrich and Okrusch, M. and Patzak, M. and M{\"u}ller, P. and Kreuzer, H.}, title = {The polyphase thermal history of the Erbendorf-Vohenstrauß (ZEV) and the Erbendorf Greenschist (EGZ) zones of NE Bavaria in the light of Ar-Ar spectra}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-81862}, year = {1990}, abstract = {no abstract available}, subject = {Erbendorf}, language = {en} } @article{SchuesslerSkinnerRoland1990, author = {Sch{\"u}ssler, Ulrich and Skinner, D. N. B. and Roland, N.}, title = {Basischer bis intermedi{\"a}rer Plutonismus im NW-Teil des Wilson Terrane, Nordvictorialand, Antarktis}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-81850}, year = {1990}, abstract = {no abstract available}, subject = {Wilson Terrane}, language = {de} } @article{Lutz1990, author = {Lutz, Werner K.}, title = {Dosis-Wirkungs-Beziehungen in der chemischen Kanzerogenese}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-80046}, year = {1990}, abstract = {Ich habe versucht darzulegen, daß mechanistische {\"U}berlegungen zur Extrapolation der Dosis-WirkungsBeziehung herangezogen werden k{\"o}nnen. Ein nichtlinearer Verlauf ist nicht nur bei den epigenetischen Kanzerogenen wahrscheinlich, sondern auch bei den DNA-bindenden. Echte Schwellen sind aber nur in solchen F{\"a}llen zu erwarten, wo kein endogenes Korrelat besteht. Immerhin k{\"o}nnen auch steile Nichtlinearit{\"a}ten zu einer drastischen Risikoreduktion f{\"u}hren, so daß die Anstrengungen dahin gehen sollten, die Steigung und den Bereich des {\"u}berproportionalen Abfalls experimentell zu zeigen. In einer heterogenen Population kann die 0 0- sis-Wirkungs-Kurve zus{\"a}tzliche "Wellen" bekommen und wird dadurch grunds{\"a}tzlich flacher. Im Extremfall ergibt sich eine lineare Dosis-Wirkungs-Beziehung unabh{\"a}ngig vom Wirkmechanismus des Kanzerogens. Diese Proportionalit{\"a}t zwischen tiefster Dosis und Effekt wird bei genotoxischen Kanzerogenen aus mechanistischen Gr{\"u}nden schon f{\"u}r eine homogene Population postuliert, doch kann dies in einer heterogenen Population auch bei epigenetischen Kanzerogenen in Frage kommen.}, subject = {Toxikologie}, language = {de} } @article{Linsenmair1990, author = {Linsenmair, Karl Eduard}, title = {Tropische Biodiversitat: Befunde und offene Probleme}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-78302}, year = {1990}, abstract = {During the past 50 to over 100 million years communities evolved in the tropics which attained unprecedented levels of biodiversity, strikingly represented by evergreen lowland rain forests offering home to more than 50\% of all the world's extant species. Within only some 30 years human action reduced the area covered with tropical rain forests to about half of its former size, thereby negatively affecting local and global functions of the biosphere and exterminating an unknown number of species. With an exponentially increasing rate we are throwing away our and all future generations' biological heritage. We destroy the most complicated, scientifically most interesting living systems before we have gained any knowledge of their structures ,and dynamics. To understand the particular structures and dynamics of tropical communities means in the first place to understand the causes and consequences of their ten- to more than hundredfold higher alphadiversity (as compared to temperate systems). This problem has a historical dimension and a functional side requiring answers as to the nature of the proximate mechanisms of its maintenance. My review is only concerned with the latter aspect, and its maIn emphasis is on the gaps in our knowledge. Two sets of hypotheses have been developed for explaining the high within-commUnIty diversity. (1) According to the classical concept interspecific niche competition and subsequent niche separation are the main forces determining the structure of the community. These so-called equilibrium models have been contrasted in recent times with (2) non-equilibrium models. These models do not attribute the decisive role to interspecific competition. Strong niche overlaps are presumed to be very common within species-rich communities. Continuous stochastic local disturbances are assumed to prevent the achievement of any long-term equilibrium (climax) state. Being on the right spot at the right time is regarded as most important. Whether oneor a combination of both models provide the best key for understanding the structure of a special section within a community will certainly depend on many properties of the species at debate (mobility, disr.ersal, fertility etc.). For the vast majority of tropical organisms all such information is at present unavailable. The principles governing the structure of communities is just one of the very ,basic open problems. Another very prominent question is how the qualitatively very rich, however quantitatively poor resources are distributed among the members of highly diverse guilds of consumers and decomposers. Does the scarcity rather favour generalists or specialists, are small species overrepresented, are resources more extensively used than in temperate communities? One important property is fairly well established: Populations of most tropical species seem to be very small. Since a) in very many' cases distribution range is obviously very limited, since b) predator pressure is generally assumed to be higher in the tropics and c) recent - perhaps unduely generalized - results claim abundance fluctuations in the tropics fully comparable in their dimensions to those in the temperate zone, the question arises as to how these small populations can persist for seemingly long periods of time and avoid rapid extinction. Additionally treated PoInts concern detritivore communities, plant animal Interactions, key stone groups. Saving biodiversity in general and the tropical species and community richness in particular is one of the most urgent tasks of our generation, and biologists have to play a still more prominent role in this extremely important endeavor than they have in the past decades.}, subject = {Zoologie}, language = {de} } @book{Krueger1990, author = {Krueger, Hans-Peter}, title = {Niedrige Alkoholkonzentrationen und Fahrverhalten}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-74242}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {1990}, abstract = {Auf der Grundlage von 1.126 empirischen Befunden stellt die vorliegende Literaturstudie dar, inwieweit die Fahrt{\"u}chtigkeit von Verkehrsteilnehmern bei Blutalkoholkonzentrationen (BAK) bis 0,8 Promille beeintr{\"a}chtigt wird. Es zeigt sich, daß ab 0,3 Promille BAK bereits nachweisbare Wirkungen feststellbar sind. Ab 0,5 Promille treten deutliche Beeintr{\"a}chtigungen auf: Rasch wechselnde Verkehrssituationen, unvorhersehbare Ereignisse, Mehrfachanforderungen an den Fahrer oder Situationen mit agressionsausl{\"o}senden Reizen werden schlecht bew{\"a}ltigt. Fahranf{\"a}nger, die {\"u}ber weniger automatisierte Handlungen verf{\"u}gen und {\"a}ltere Verkehrsteilnehmer mit ihren gr{\"o}ßeren Schwierigkeiten bei Kontrollprozessen sind besonders gef{\"a}hrdet. Die Studie kommt zu dem Schluß, daß eine Absenkung des Gefahrengrenzwertes auf 0,5 Promille BAK zu bef{\"u}rworten ist. Das detaillierte Gesamtergebnis sowie ein umfangreiches Verzeichnis der bearbeiteten Literatur ist als Heft 213 der Reihe Forschungsberichte der Bundesanstalt f{\"u}r Straßenwesen ver{\"o}ffentlicht.}, subject = {Alkoholkonsum}, language = {de} } @article{KraemerNeubert1990, author = {Kr{\"a}mer-Neubert, Sabine}, title = {Mundart und Geschichte des Miltenberger Raumes}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-73135}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Mundart}, language = {de} } @article{PressleyBorkowskiSchneider1990, author = {Pressley, Michael and Borkowski, John G. and Schneider, Wolfgang}, title = {Good information processing: What it is and how education can promote it}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62127}, year = {1990}, abstract = {The nature of good information processing is outlined as determined by intact neurology, information stored in long-term memory, and general cognitive tendencies, attitudes, and styles. Educators can promote the development of good information processing by promoting what is in long-term memory. This can be accomplished by teaching important literary, scientific, and cultural knowledge; teaching strategies; motivating the acquisition and use of important conceptual knowledge and strategies; and encouraging the general tendencies supporting good information processing. Good information processing can be produced by years of appropriate educational input. Good information processors cannot be produced by short-term interventions.}, subject = {Psychologie}, language = {en} } @article{PaakkariPaakkariSirenetal.1990, author = {Paakkari, P. and Paakkari, I. and Sir{\´e}n, Anna-Leena and Feuerstein, G.}, title = {Respiratory and locomotor stimulation by low doses of dermorphin - a Mu\(_1\)-receptor mediated effect}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-63110}, year = {1990}, abstract = {The selective opioid mu receptor agonist dermorphin increased the locomotor activity of rats dose dependently at 1 0 to 1 00 pmol/kg i.c.v. Respiratory rate, relative tidal volume and respiratory minute volume also increased unrelated to changes in locomotor activity. Higher doses, on the other hand, produced catalepsy and respiratory depression. Pretreatment of the rats with the mu,-selective antagonist naloxonazine (10 mg/kg i.v.) blocked the stimulant locomotor and respiratory effects of low doses of dermorphin (1 0--1 00 pmol/kg), but potentiated the respiratory depressant effect of a high dose (1 0 nmol/kg) of dermorphin. The selective benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil (5 mg/kg), which has been shown previously to antagonize catalepsy and respiratory depression produced by relatively high doses of dermorphin, did not antagonize the respiratory or locomotor stimulant effect of dermorphin. The data suggest that mu\(_1\)-opioid receptors are responsible for the low dose stimulant effects of dermorphin on locomotor activity and respiration whereas mu\(_2\) receptors mediate the respiratory depressant effect of dermorphin.}, subject = {Neurobiologie}, language = {en} } @article{SirenFeuerstein1990, author = {Sir{\´e}n, Anna-Leena and Feuerstein, G.}, title = {Cardiovascular effects of anatoxin-a in the conscious rat}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-63103}, year = {1990}, abstract = {Cardiovascular Effects of Anatoxin-A in the Conscious Rat. SJREN, A.-L., AND FEUERSTEIN, G. (1990). Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 102,91-100. The effects ofanatoxin-A on mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate, cardiac index (CI), and blood flow (BF) in hindquarter (HQ), renal (R). and mesenteric (M) vascular beds were studied after intravenous (iv) and intracerebroventricular (icv) administration in the conscious rat. The pharmacological profile of anatoxin-A was further compared to nicotine administered iv and icv. MAP and heart rate were measured from femoral artery, CI by thermodilution method, and blood flow by Doppler velocimetry. Anatoxin-A and nicotine (30, 100 and 300 1-!g/kg iv) produced an increase in MAP with concomitant bradycardia. The highest doses increased Cl. MBF and RBF decreased due to a vasoconstriction in M and R vasculature. These effects were attenuated by the ganglion blocker chlorisondamine (5 mg/kg, iv). Anatoxin-A ( 100 1-!g/k~ iv) increased plasma epinephrine Ievels by 2- fold with virtually no effect on norepinephrine whereas nicotine ( 100 ~oLg/kg, iv) increased plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine by 20- to 30-fold. Central administration of anatoxin-A and nicotine (30-100 ,ug/kg icv) increased MAP with no effect on heart rate and produced M and R vasoconstriction. In summary, the present study demonstrates that anatoxin-A acts as a nicotinic cholinergic agonist in the c.onscious rat after both systemic and centrat administration. Anatoxin-A and nicotine produced pressor and reno-splanchnic vasoconstrictor responses and at high doses increased cardiac output. These effects were mediated by activation ofthe nicotinic receptors in the adrenal medulla and sympathetic ganglia. However, marked differences were found in the potency ofanatoxin-A versus nicotine to stimulate the sympathoadrenomedullary axis.}, subject = {Neurobiologie}, language = {en} } @article{EpeHarttigStopperetal.1990, author = {Epe, B. and Harttig, U. and Stopper, Helga and Metzler, M.}, title = {Covalent binding of reactive estrogen metabolites to microtubular protein as a possible mechanism of aneuploidy induction and neoplastic cell transformation}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-63478}, year = {1990}, abstract = {Neoplastic cell transfonnation induced by estrogens and some other carcinogen\& such as benzene appears to involve the induction of mitotic aneuploidy rather than DNA damage and point mutations. As metabolic activation may also play an important roJe in the mechanism of carcinogenesis of these nongenotoxic compounds, we have studied the Interaction of reactive quinone metabolites of various estrogens and of benzene with the major microtubular protein, tubulin, in a cell-free system. Covalent binding of the radioactively labeled metabolites to the a- and 13-subunit of tubulin was found to depend on the structure of the metabolite. When the adducted tubulins were tested in vitro for their ability to polymerize to microtubules, Inhibition of microtubule assembly was obsened in every case, although to varying extents. It is proposed that the fonnation of covalent tubulin adducts may impair the formation of mitotic spindies and thus contribute to chromosomal nondisjunction and aneuploidy induction.}, subject = {Toxikologie}, language = {en} } @article{KurtzSchneiderCarretal.1990, author = {Kurtz, Beth E. and Schneider, Wolfgang and Carr, Martha and Borkowski, John G. and Rellinger, Elizabeth}, title = {Strategy instruction and attributional beliefs in West Germany and the United States: Do teachers foster metacognitive development?}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62145}, year = {1990}, abstract = {Previous research has shown German children to be more strategic on sort-recall memory tasks than their American age-mates, and to show fewer effort-related attributions. We conducted this study to determine if those differences are due to systematic differences in the strategy instruction and attributional beliefs of German and U.S. teachers, and to explore metacognitive instructional practices in the two countries. Teachers responded to a questionnaire that inquired about their use of strategy instructions, fostering of reflective thinking in pupils, sources of children's learning problems, and modeling of metacognitive skills such as monitoring. The second part of the questionnaire asked about the reasons underlying children's academic successes and failures. German teachers reported more instruction of task-specific strategies, while American teachers showed more effort-related attributions. The types of strategies instructed and types of learning problems most frequently described varied across the two countries, and also according to how many years the teachers had taught. Results were discussed regarding their implications for metacognitive developmental theory, particularly regarding culture and other environmental influences on the development of controlled processing.}, subject = {Psychologie}, language = {en} } @article{SodianSchneider1990, author = {Sodian, Beate and Schneider, Wolfgang}, title = {Children's understanding of cognitive cueing: How to manipulate cues to fool a competitor}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62132}, year = {1990}, abstract = {4-6-year-old children's understanding of cognitive cuing was studied in 2 experiments using a strategic interaction paradigm. Ghildren could fool a competitor by hiding targets in locations that were labeled with semantically weakly associated cues and help a cooperative partner by hiding them in semantically highly associated locations. Very few 4-year-olds, half the 5-year-olds, and almost all 6-year-olds appropriately chose semantically highly vs. weakly associated hiding places to make the targets easy vs. difficult to find. The second experiment showed that 4-year-olds did not strategically manipulate cues as sources of information, although they themselves proficiently used them as such in a search task. These findings are discussed with regard to research on children's developing understanding of origins of knowledge and belief and with regard to recent claims that young preschoolers possess a metacognitive understanding of cognitive cuing.}, subject = {Psychologie}, language = {en} } @article{SchneiderSchauliesLiebertBaczkoetal.1990, author = {Schneider-Schaulies, Sibylle and Liebert, U. G. and Baczko, K. and ter Meulen, V.}, title = {Restricted expression of measles virus in primary rat astroglial cells}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62283}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Virologie}, language = {en} } @article{LiebertSchneiderSchauliesBaczkoetal.1990, author = {Liebert, U. G. and Schneider-Schaulies, Sibylle and Baczko, K. and ter Meulen, V.}, title = {Antibody-induced restriction of viral gene expression in measles encephalitis in rats}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62271}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Virologie}, language = {en} } @article{SchneiderSchauliesvonBrunnSchachner1990, author = {Schneider-Schaulies, J{\"u}rgen and von Brunn, A. and Schachner, M.}, title = {Recombinant peripheral myelin protein P\(_o\) confers both adhesion and neurite outgrowth promoting properties}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-54841}, year = {1990}, abstract = {To probe into the functional properties of the major peripheral myelin cell surface glycoprotein P 0 , its ability to confer adhesion and neurite outgrowth-promoting properfies was studied in cell culture. Tothis aim, Po was expressed as integral membrane glycoprotein at the surface of CV -1 cells with the help of a recombinant vaccinia virus expression system. Furthermore, the immunoglobulin-like extracellular domain of P0 (P0 -ED) was expressed as soluble profein in a bacterial expression system and used as substrafe coated to plastic dishes or as competitor in cell adhesion and neurite outgrowth-promoting assays. The adhesion of P0 -expressing CV-1 cells to P0 -ED substrafe was specifically inhibitable by polyclonal Po antibodies (54\% :t 6\% ). In addition, the specific interaction between Po molecules could be reduced ( 49\% ± 8\%) by adding soluble P0 -ED to the culture medium, demonstrating that the homophilic inter~ction between recombinant Po molecules can be mediated, at least on one partner of interacting molecules, by the unglycosylated Ig-like domain. Substrate-coated p -ED also conferred adhesion and neurite outgrowth ability to dorsal root ganglion neurons with neurites of a mean length of about 150 ,_..m. This neurite outgrowth was specifically inhibitable by soluble P" (74\% ± 14\%) and P 0 antibodies (65\% ± 9\% ). These observations indicate that Po is capable of displaying two different types of functional roles in the myelination process of . peripheral nerves: The heterophilic interaction with neurons may be responsible for the recognition between axon and myelinating Schwann cell at the onset of myelination, whereas the homophilic interacton may indicate its roJe in the selfrecognition of the apposing loops of Schwann cell surface membranes during the myelination process and in the mature compact myelin sheath.}, subject = {Immunologie}, language = {en} } @article{MerzFliednerLehrnbecheretal.1990, author = {Merz, H. and Fliedner, A. and Lehrnbecher, T. and Sebald, Walter and M{\"u}ller-Hermelink, H. K. and Feller, A. C.}, title = {Cytokine expression in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62539}, year = {1990}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Biochemie}, language = {en} } @article{DoerjeFriebeTackeetal.1990, author = {D{\"o}rje, F. and Friebe, T. and Tacke, Reinhold and Mutschler, E. and Lambrecht, G.}, title = {Novel pharmacological profile of muscarinic receptors mediating contraction of the guinea-pig uterus}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-64071}, year = {1990}, abstract = {The present study was designed to further characterize the muscarinic receptors mediating contraction of the guinea-pig uterus. The affinities of various selective muscarinic antagonists were determined and compared with those obtained at M\(_1\) (rabbit vas deferens), M\(_2\) (guinea-pig atria) and M\(_3\) receptors (guinea-pig ileum). The contractile responses of uterine smooth muscle from immature guinea-pigs to carbachol (pD\(_2\) = 5.73) were competitively antagonized by pirenzepine (pA\(_2\) = 7.04), AF-DX 116 (11-[[2-[(diethylamino)methyl]-1-piperidinyl] acetyl]- 5,11-dihydro-6H -pyrido[2,3-b][1 ,4]benzo. diazepin-6-one) (pA\(_2\) = 6.96), himbacine (pA\(_2\) = 7.92), methoctramine (pA\(_2\) = 7.52), 4-DAMP (4-diphenylacetoxy- N-methylpiperidine methiodide) (pA\(_2\) = 8.87) and sila-hexocyclium (pA\(_2\) = 8.81). A comparison of affinity values indicates that the muscarinic receptors present in guinea-pig uterus display a novel pharmacological profile which is not consistent with the presence of either an M\(_1\), M\(_2\) or M\(_3\) receptor. The affinities determined for the different antagonists rather showed a close similarity to those obtained at muscarinic receptors present in rat striatum and NG108-15 cells which are considered pharmacological equivalents (M\(_4\) receptors) of the m4 gene product. We thus hypothesize that the guinea-pig isolated uterus preparation may serve as a simple functional assay system to study the pharmacology of M\(_4\) receptors.}, subject = {Anorganische Chemie}, language = {en} } @article{TackeBeckerLange1990, author = {Tacke, Reinhold and Becker, B. and Lange, H.}, title = {(Thioacetoxy-S-methyl)diorganylsilane und (Mercaptomethyl)diorganylsilane: Synthese und Eigenschaften}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-64065}, year = {1990}, abstract = {Die erstmalige Synthese der (Thioacetoxy-S-methyl)diorganylsilane (CH\(_3\))\(_2\)Si(H)CH\(_2\)SC(O)CH\(_3\) (9) und (C\(_6\)H\(_5\))\(_2\)Si(H)CH\(_2\)SC(O)CH\(_3\) (10) und der (Mercaptomethyl) diorganylsilane (CH\(_3\))\(_2\)Si(H)CH\(_2\)SH (11) und (C\(_6\)H\(_5\))\(_2\)Si(H)CH\(_2\)SH (12) wird beschrieben. W{\"a}hrend sich die Silane 9 und 10 leicht handhaben lassen, neigen die strukturanalogen (Hydroxymethyl)diorganylsilane (CH\(_3\))\(_2\)Si(H)CH\(_2\)OH (1) und (C\(_6\)H\(_5\))\(_2\)Si(H)CH\(_2\)OH (2) zu einer basenkatalysierten Zersetzung (Bildung oligomerer (polymerer) Alkoxysilane und Wasserstoff). Im Gegensatz zu den thermisch labilen (Acetoxymethyl)diorganylsilanen (CH\(_3\))\(_2\)Si(H)CH\(_2\)OC(O)CH\(_3\) (3) und (C\(_6\)H\(_5\))\(_2\)Si(H)CH\(_2\)OC(O)CH\(_3\) (4) (--+ Umlagerung zu den entsprechenden Acetoxy(methyl) diorganylsilanen (CH\(_3\)) \(_3\)SiOC(O)CH\(_3\) (5) und CH\(_3\)(C\(_6\)H\(_5\))\(_2\)SiOC(O)CH\(_3\) {6)) sind die Thio-Analoga 9 und 10 thermisch stabil (I-molare L{\"o}sungen in C\(_6\)D\(_6\), 30 h bei 180 o C).}, subject = {Anorganische Chemie}, language = {de} } @article{TackeFritscheTafeletal.1990, author = {Tacke, Reinhold and Fritsche, K. and Tafel, A. and Wuttke, F.}, title = {Synthese von racemischem Acetyl(t-butyl)methylphenylsilan und Acetylmethylphenyl[(trimethylsilyl)methyl]silan: Substrate f{\"u}r stereoselektive mikrobielle Reduktionen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-64055}, year = {1990}, subject = {Anorganische Chemie}, language = {de} }