@article{Suslenkova2016, author = {Suslenkova, Anastasiya}, title = {Diskursanalytische Untersuchungen der politischen Rede in Italien am Beispiel der ausgew{\"a}hlten Reden von Silvio Berlusconi und Matteo Renzi}, series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, volume = {2}, journal = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, issn = {2510-2613}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-161681}, pages = {241-279}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The present study is concerned with a critical discourse analysis of the speeches of the Italian politicians Silvio Berlusconi and Matteo Renzi in different situations. The aim of the study was to find out how historical and speech contexts influence discourse structures and argumentations, and if any similar speech patterns or speech strategies were used. The results show that both politicians in many cases tend to utilize similar speech patterns to achieve different aims; each of them shows a preference for particular words, structures and strategies. It is noteworthy that one of the important differences between speeches of Berlusconi and Renzi is the use of various speech strategies. While Renzi uses these strategies to create an image of himself as a young and honest politician, Berlusconi makes use of them to defend himself or attack his opponents.}, subject = {Diskursanalyse}, language = {de} } @article{Schoepe2016, author = {Sch{\"o}pe, Kai}, title = {Unaufh{\"o}rliches Suchen - Gaddas Roman Quer pasticciaccio brutto de via Merulana als carmen perpetuum}, series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, volume = {2}, journal = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, issn = {2510-2613}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-161673}, pages = {193-222}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Gadda's novel Quer Pasticciaccio brutto de Via Merulana tells the tale of two crimes committed in Rome in the 1920s. The search for the perpetrators turns into a pasticciaccio brutto (an awful mess), challenging the reader with its linguistic complexity and a myriad of references to history and culture; the large number of allusions to antiquity is particularly striking. References to Virgil's Aeneid and to Rome's mythical past do not constitute a mere transfer, but document a creative approach of transformational nature. Deformation and inversion are part of this process, changing the μορφή not only in formal terms, but also within the plot itself. These transformations of both form and content are read as Metamorphoses and analysed in comparison to Ovid's homonymous work. The perpetual, never-ending quest for truth in Gadda's novel necessitates a perpetual, never-ending narrative, which is conceptually related to Ovid's carmen perpetuum.}, subject = {Gadda, Carlo Emilio : Quer pasticciaccio brutto de Via Merulana}, language = {de} } @article{Scholz2016, author = {Scholz, Janek}, title = {Eine K{\"u}nstlerkooperation 'al{\´e}m das fronteiras' - Banda desenhada de l{\´i}ngua portuguesa}, series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, volume = {2}, journal = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, issn = {2510-2613}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-161662}, pages = {225-239}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Economic, academic or artistic cooperation among actors of different countries or disciplines offers numerous new perspectives, but it also confronts the ones profiting from it with several challenges. First, identity has to be firmly established, which requires intercultural skills, such as role-distance, empathy and tolerance for ambiguities. Secondly, a third space is required in which meaning can be newly negotiated to make the partnership succeed. This paper proposes that even within one and the same language-group, one can speak of intercultural communication. A particular collaboration between Portuguese-speaking comic artists will be introduced, raising questions of the conditions necessary to make such a cooperation work. Answers will be provided according to the decisions the artists made in their publications.}, subject = {Kooperation}, language = {de} } @article{Koch2016, author = {Koch, Christian}, title = {Et amen. No? Sul carattere testuale dell'idioletto poliglotta della figura di Salvatore nel romanzo Il nome della rosa di Umberto Eco}, series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, volume = {2}, journal = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, issn = {2510-2613}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-161658}, pages = {171-190}, year = {2016}, abstract = {This article deals with the outstanding linguistic character of Salvatore in Umberto Eco's novel Il nome della rosa. The first section is a critical review on problems and potentials of linguistic analyses of fictional texts, especially of those which have been written in uncommon or inexistent languages. The text-based analysis of Salvatore's polyglot idiolect shows that this is more than a simple and confused mixture of Latin, German, and some Romance dialects and languages. Based on the linguistic concepts of intertextuality, frame-dependent text styles, and diaphasic variety several language choices in Salvatore may be explained in a new way. The analysis of four concrete text fragments also envisions the possibilities of a deeper comprehension of Salvatore's utterances through attentive context reading.}, subject = {Eco, Umberto : Il nome della rosa}, language = {it} } @article{Kloster2016, author = {Kloster, Kerstin}, title = {Der K{\"o}rper als Einschreibungsfl{\"a}che des weiblichen Ged{\"a}chtnisses. Eine Analyse der m{\"u}ndlichen {\"U}berlieferung in Le livre d'Emma von Marie-C{\´e}lie Agnant}, series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, volume = {2}, journal = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, issn = {2510-2613}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-161645}, pages = {153-168}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Women in Caribbean culture traditionally occupy the role of guardians of collective memory, as tellers of stories, legends and myths. Through oral tradition, they transfer the cultural and family knowledge from one generation of women to the next. We will offer an analysis of oral transmission as a way of preserving a memory of women in Le livre d'Emma (2001) by the Qu{\´e}bec author of Haitian origin, Marie-C{\´e}lie Agnant. We will primarily analyze the transformation of communicative memory into cultural memory, following the distinction by Jan Assmann. We will interpret the oral transfer as a possibility to stabilize, to legitimize female memory and to inscribe it into the female body.}, subject = {Agnant, Marie-C{\´e}lie : Le livre d'Emma}, language = {de} } @article{IsselDombertWiedersLoheac2016, author = {Issel-Dombert, Sandra and Wieders-Loh{\´e}ac, Aline}, title = {«Nous multiplierons les chansons, les concerts, les spectacles». L'argumentation de Fran{\c{c}}ois Hollande face aux attaques terroristes du 13 novembre}, series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, volume = {2}, journal = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, issn = {2510-2613}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-161637}, pages = {123-151}, year = {2016}, abstract = {After the terrorist attacks on November 13th, the French public, the whole of Europe and many parts of the world were waiting for president Fran{\c{c}}ois Hollande to address his fellow "citoyens". Being the most important political figure - both by constitution and by influence on public discourse - the president's words bear great importance for the subsequent debate and interpretation of the events. Therefore, the question arises: How did the president shape the debate in the hours and days after the attacks? To answer this question, we have identified typical structures in Hollande's rhetorical reaction to the attacks, performing a topos as well as a keyword analysis of the speeches the president held within two weeks after November 13th. In a contrastive analysis we have compared Hollande's speeches to the Europarl Corpus. Using the software programme sketch engine, we have filtered out the 100 most frequent keywords and classified them into semantic fields (data-driven approach). All in all, terrorism, action and nation/identity are the three predominant semantic fields, whereas references to victimhood barely appear. These findings are congruent with the results of our topos analysis that reveals a predominance of argumentative structures that form a strong main topos of resilience, emphasising the greatness of France and its people and culture, calling to action and avoiding any tendencies of resignation.}, subject = {Hollande, Fran{\c{c}}ois}, language = {fr} } @article{Hennemann2016, author = {Hennemann, Anja}, title = {El marcador (yo) pienso (que) y sus diferentes funciones}, series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, volume = {2}, journal = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, issn = {2510-2613}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-161627}, pages = {99-120}, year = {2016}, abstract = {In this paper, the different uses and functions of (yo) pienso (que) are analysed. The examples demonstrate that (yo) pienso (que) fulfils various functions. It is used as a marker of cognitive attitude concerning the proposition (that is, the speaker expresses his validative attitude or an inference), as a pragmatic marker or as a cognitive particle. In this study, we introduce the term 'cognitive particle' in order to describe the use of (yo) pienso (que) when its use serves to gain time in processing the enunciation or to structure the speaker's thoughts. The empirical data are on the one hand retrieved from the corpus programme CREA, of debates and interviews focusing on peninsular Spanish, and on the other hand from GlossaNet, more precisely from the newspapers El Pa{\´i}s and El Mundo. This analysis is a qualitative one because we do not focus on the frequency of the different functions. Instead, we want to illustrate the various functions (yo) pienso (que) fulfils.}, subject = {Diskursmarker}, language = {es} } @article{Fliege2016, author = {Fliege, Daniel}, title = {Le d{\´e}go{\^u}t du cadavre. Une comparaison entre la repr{\´e}sentation du corps mort dans le De Miseria Condicionis Humane d'Innocent III et dans son adaptation fran{\c{c}}aise Double lay de fragilit{\´e} humaine d'Eustache Deschamps}, series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, volume = {2}, journal = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, issn = {2510-2613}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-161616}, pages = {77-97}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The study uses the category of disgust in order to analyse the representation of the human body and the corpse in one of the most influential medieval treatises, the De Miseria Condicionis Humanae (1195) written by Pope Innocent III, and its little known old French adaptation Double lay de fragilit{\´e} humaine (1383) by Eustache Deschamps. Analysing how both use disgust as an aesthetic means, which appeals to emotions and turns off reason, helps to point out the pedagogical and moral function of the texts. The comparison between them shows that Deschamps stays faithful to his Latin model, but that he nevertheless has to make certain modifications in order to adapt the prose text into a lyrical form. Furthermore, this approach clearly elucidates what differences there are between the conceptions of the human body and death in the two texts, revealing at the same time divergent theological points of view.}, subject = {Ekel}, language = {fr} } @article{Buch2016, author = {Buch, Marina-Rafaela}, title = {Madame Chrysanth{\`e}me (1887) et Japoneries d'automne (1889) de Pierre Loti entre japonisme et exotisme d{\´e}senchant{\´e}}, series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, volume = {2}, journal = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, issn = {2510-2613}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-161603}, pages = {53-75}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The novel Madame Chrysanth{\`e}me (1887) and the essays collected in Japoneries d'automne (1889) written by French travel author Pierre Loti offer a paradoxical view of Japan during the Meiji period. In both travel writings, the author is torn between aesthetic japonism - which spread all over Europe at the end of the 19th century - and exotic expectations, i.e. the picturesque fascination of the Other. The latter, however, remains unsatisfied throughout his stay. In both writings, Pierre Loti provides an insight into Japan that entirely reflects the spirit of his time. Thereby, he contributes to an image of Japan, which will long remain vivid in the Occident. Contemporaries perceive Loti's representation of Japan as a realistic testimony, tinged with both sensory impressions and his highly ambiguous feelings towards the distant country, which in the end remained incomprehensible to him.}, subject = {Loti, Pierre}, language = {fr} } @article{Brunke2016, author = {Brunke, Dirk}, title = {Der nationalepische Pionier Esteban Echeverr{\´i}a. Ein Beitrag zur Entstehungsgeschichte des romantischen epischen Gedichts in Hispanoamerika}, series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, volume = {2}, journal = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, issn = {2510-2613}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-161592}, pages = {25-51}, year = {2016}, abstract = {This article concentrates on the Argentine author Esteban Echeverr{\´i}a who is known as the founding father of Romanticism in the River Plate region. The author of this article intends to show that the importance of Echeverr{\´i}a for the development of Argentine national literature goes beyond the spreading of Romanticist aesthetics. Especially his poem La cautiva (1837) has been regarded as the national epic poem of Argentina because it represents national landscape and the early days of national history. However, as the classification of this narrative poem as the national epic poem already indicates, Echeverr{\´i}a also contributed to the presence of this prestigious genre at the River Plate region. By investigating Echeverr{\´i}a's less known verse texts - namely the texts which were read by all Romantics but which have been neglected by literary studies so far - this article illustrates that Echeverr{\´i}a gave decisive impulses for the presence of the epic poem at the River Plate.}, subject = {Echeverr{\´i}a, Esteban}, language = {de} } @article{GoldmannHornung2016, author = {Goldmann, Julius and Hornung, Christoph}, title = {Interview mit Prof. (em.) Dr. Frank-Rutger Hausmann}, series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, volume = {2}, journal = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik}, issn = {2510-2613}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-161586}, pages = {15-22}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Frank-Rutger Hausmann war Professor f{\"u}r Romanische Philologie (Schwerpunkt franz{\"o}sische und italienische Literatur) in Freiburg, Aachen und wiederum Freiburg. Hausmann hat sich zudem intensiv mit der Fachgeschichte der deutschen Romanistik und der Geisteswissenschaften allgemein besch{\"a}ftigt. F{\"u}r die zweite Ausgabe der promptus-Interviewreihe durften wir ihn nach seiner Perspektive auf die historische und aktuelle Situation der Romanistik befragen. Er arbeitet momentan u.a. an einem Romanistenlexikon, das online ver{\"o}ffentlicht wird, und hat das Romanistenarchiv in Augsburg gegr{\"u}ndet.}, subject = {Romansitik}, language = {de} } @article{RoehrLisinetskayaMitric2016, author = {R{\"o}hr, Merle I. S. and Lisinetskaya, Polina G. and Mitric, Roland}, title = {Excitonic Properties of Ordered Metal Nanocluster Arrays: 2D Silver Clusters at Multiporphyrin Templates}, series = {Journal of Physical Chemistry A}, volume = {120}, journal = {Journal of Physical Chemistry A}, number = {26}, doi = {10.1021/acs.jpca.6b04243}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159464}, pages = {4465-4472}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The design of ordered arrays of metal nanoclusters such as for example 2D cluster organic frameworks might open a new route towards the development of materials with tailored optical properties. Such systems could serve as plasmonically enhanced light-harvesting materials, sensors or catalysts. We present here a theoretical approach for the simulation of the optical properties of ordered arrays of metal clusters that is based on the ab initio parametrized Frenkel exciton model. We demonstrate that small atomically precise silver clusters can be assembled in one- and two-dimensional arrays on suitably designed porphyrin templates exhibiting remarkable optical properties. By employing explicit TDDFT calculations on smaller homologs, we show that the intrinsic optical properties of metal clusters are largely preserved but undergo J- and H-type excitonic coupling that results in controllable splitting of their excited states. Furthermore, ab initio parameterized Frenkel exciton model calculations allow us to predict an energetic splitting of up to 0.77 eV in extended two-dimensional square arrays and 0.79 eV in tilted square aggregates containing up to 25 cluster-porphyrin subunits.}, language = {en} } @article{LisinetskayaRoehrMitrić2016, author = {Lisinetskaya, Polina and R{\"o}hr, Merle I. S. and Mitrić, Roland}, title = {First-principles simulation of light propagation and exciton dynamics in metal cluster nanostructures}, series = {Applied Physics B}, volume = {122}, journal = {Applied Physics B}, number = {6}, issn = {0946-2171}, doi = {10.1007/s00340-016-6436-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159193}, pages = {175}, year = {2016}, abstract = {We present a theoretical approach for the simulation of the electric field and exciton propagation in ordered arrays constructed of molecular-sized noble metal clusters bound to organic polymer templates. In order to describe the electronic coupling between individual constituents of the nanostructure we use the ab initio parameterized transition charge method which is more accurate than the usual dipole-dipole coupling. The electronic population dynamics in the nanostructure under an external laser pulse excitation is simulated by numerical integration of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation employing the fully coupled Hamiltonian. The solution of the TDSE gives rise to time-dependent partial point charges for each subunit of the nanostructure, and the spatio-temporal electric field distribution is evaluated by means of classical electrodynamics methods. The time-dependent partial charges are determined based on the stationary partial and transition charges obtained in the framework of the TDDFT. In order to treat large plasmonic nanostructures constructed of many constituents, the approximate self-consistent iterative approach presented in (Lisinetskaya and Mitric in Phys Rev B 89:035433, 2014) is modified to include the transition-charge-based interaction. The developed methods are used to study the optical response and exciton dynamics of Ag-3(+) and porphyrin-Ag-4 dimers. Subsequently, the spatio-temporal electric field distribution in a ring constructed of ten porphyrin-Ag-4 subunits under the action of circularly polarized laser pulse is simulated. The presented methodology provides a theoretical basis for the investigation of coupled light-exciton propagation in nanoarchitectures built from molecular size metal nanoclusters in which quantum confinement effects are important.}, language = {en} } @article{LisinetskayaBraunProchetal.2016, author = {Lisinetskaya, Polina and Braun, Christian and Proch, Sebastian and Kim, Young Dok and Gantef{\"o}r, Gerd and Mitrić, Roland}, title = {Excited state nonadiabatic dynamics of bare and hydrated anionic gold clusters Au\(^-_3\)[H\(_2\)O]\(_n\) (n=0-2)}, series = {Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics}, volume = {18}, journal = {Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics}, number = {9}, issn = {1463-9076}, doi = {10.1039/c5cp04297f}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159176}, pages = {6411-6419}, year = {2016}, abstract = {We present a joint theoretical and experimental study of excited state dynamics in pure and hydrated anionic gold clusters Au\(^-_3\)[H\(_2\)O]\(_n\) (n = 0-2). We employ mixed quantum-classical dynamics combined with femtosecond time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy in order to investigate the influence of hydration on excited state lifetimes and photo-dissociation dynamics. A gradual decrease of the excited state lifetime with the number of adsorbed water molecules as well as gold cluster fragmentation quenching by two or more water molecules are observed both in experiment and in simulations. Non-radiative relaxation and dissociation in excited states are found to be responsible for the excited state population depletion. Time constants of these two processes strongly depend on the number of water molecules leading to the possibility to modulate excited state dynamics and fragmentation of the anionic cluster by adsorption of water molecules.}, language = {en} } @article{WohlgemuthMitric2016, author = {Wohlgemuth, Matthias and Mitric, Roland}, title = {Photochemical Chiral Symmetry Breaking in Alanine}, series = {Journal of Physical Chemistry A}, volume = {45}, journal = {Journal of Physical Chemistry A}, number = {120}, doi = {10.1021/acs.jpca.6b07611}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-158557}, pages = {8976-8982}, year = {2016}, abstract = {We introduce a general theoretical approach for the simulation of photochemical dynamics under the influence of circularly polarized light to explore the possibility of generating enantiomeric enrichment through polarized-light-selective photochemistry. The method is applied to the simulation of the photolysis of alanine, a prototype chiral amino acid. We show that a systematic enantiomeric enrichment can be obtained depending on the helicity of the circularly polarized light that induces the excited-state photochemistry of alanine. By analyzing the patterns of the photoinduced fragmentation of alanine we find an inducible enantiomeric enrichment up to 1.7\%, which is also in good correspondence to the experimental findings. Our method is generally applicable to complex systems and might serve to systematically explore the photochemical origin of homochirality.}, language = {en} } @article{ArrowsmithBoehnkeBraunschweigetal.2016, author = {Arrowsmith, Merle and B{\"o}hnke, Julian and Braunschweig, Holger and Celik, Mehmet and Claes, Christina and Ewing, William and Krummenacher, Ivo and Lubitz, Katharina and Schneider, Christoph}, title = {Neutral Diboron Analogues of Archetypal Aromatic Species by Spontaneous Cycloaddition}, series = {Angewandte Chemie, International Edition}, volume = {55}, journal = {Angewandte Chemie, International Edition}, doi = {10.1002/anie.201602384}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-138226}, pages = {11271-11275}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Among the numerous routes organic chemists have developed to synthesize benzene derivatives and heteroaro- matic compounds, transition-metal-catalyzed cycloaddition reactions are the most elegant. In contrast, cycloaddition reactions of heavier alkene and alkyne analogues, though limited in scope, proceed uncatalyzed. In this work we present the first spontaneous cycloaddition reactions of lighter alkene and alkyne analogues. Selective addition of unactivated alkynes to boron-boron multiple bonds under ambient con- ditions yielded diborocarbon equivalents of simple aromatic hydrocarbons, including the first neutral 6 π-aromatic dibora- benzene compound, a 2  π-aromatic triplet biradical 1,3-dibor- ete, and a phosphine-stabilized 2  π-homoaromatic 1,3-dihydro- 1,3-diborete. DFT calculations suggest that all three com- pounds are aromatic and show frontier molecular orbitals matching those of the related aromatic hydrocarbons, C\(_6\)H\(_6\) and C\(_4\)H\(_4\)\(^{2+}\), and homoaromatic C\(_4\)H\(_5\)\(^+\).}, language = {en} } @article{ArrowsmithBoehnkeBraunschweigetal.2016, author = {Arrowsmith, Merle and B{\"o}hnke, Julian and Braunschweig, Holger and Celik, Mehmet and Dellermann, Theresa and Hammond, Kai}, title = {Uncatalyzed Hydrogenation of First-Row Main Group Multiple Bonds}, series = {Chemistry, A European Journal}, volume = {22}, journal = {Chemistry, A European Journal}, number = {48}, doi = {10.1002/chem.201604094}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-139364}, pages = {17169 -- 17172}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Room temperature hydrogenation of an SIDep-stabilized diboryne (SIDep = 1,3-bis(diethylphenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene) and a CAAC-supported diboracumulene (CAAC = 1-(2,6- diisopropylphenyl)-3,3,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidin-2-ylidene) provided the first selective route to the corresponding 1,2-dihydrodiborenes. DFT calculations showed an overall exothermic (ΔG = 19.4 kcal mol\(^{-1}\) two-step asynchronous H\(_2\) addition mechanism proceeding via a bridging hydride.}, subject = {Diborane}, language = {en} } @article{Borkert2016, author = {Borkert, Franziska}, title = {BibScout - der mobile Auskunftsdienst an der UB W{\"u}rzburg}, series = {BuB. Forum Bibliothek und Information}, volume = {68}, journal = {BuB. Forum Bibliothek und Information}, number = {12}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-148145}, pages = {774-777}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Seit dem Wintersemester 2014/15 setzt die Universit{\"a}tsbibliothek (UB) W{\"u}rzburg in der Zentralbibliothek sogenannte BibScouts ein. Das sind studentische Hilfskr{\"a}fte, die die Nutzerinnen und Nutzer der Bibliothek - haupts{\"a}chlich Studierende - beim Kopieren, Drucken, Scannen und beim Auffinden von B{\"u}chern unterst{\"u}tzen. Die BibScouts haben keinen festen Standort, sondern helfen direkt vor Ort, an den Kopierern, Computern, Scan-Stationen und in den Leses{\"a}len. Erkennbar sind sie an blauen Westen mit dem Logo der UB W{\"u}rzburg sowie dem Hinweis »Fragen? Ich helfe weiter!« auf dem R{\"u}cken. Die BibScouts, die nur w{\"a}hrend der Vorlesungszeit eingesetzt werden, entlasten durch ihre Anwesenheit das bibliothekarische Personal an der Informationstheke.}, subject = {Auskunftsdienst}, language = {de} } @article{Schmitz2016, author = {Schmitz, Barbara}, title = {Tradition und (Er)Neuerung. Die Rede von Gott in j{\"u}disch-hellenistischer Literatur}, series = {Theologische Literaturzeitung}, volume = {141}, journal = {Theologische Literaturzeitung}, number = {7/8}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-151292}, pages = {721-736}, year = {2016}, abstract = {God as King is one of the metaphors that have been handed down in the biblical literature for centuries. In the Hellen­istic period talk about God as king again undergoes a change that is the conse-quence of the Hellenistic kingdom as it evolved in its specific form after the death of Alexander. The conceptual implications of the Hellenistic kingdom for talk about God is shown by reference to the epithets: the king as ἐπιφανής (»Epiphanes«), as σωτήρ (»Savior«), as εὐεργέτης (»benefactor«) and as κτίστης (»Founder«). How those epithets have affected talk of God as king is demonstrated by reference to the original Greek writings of the LXX and connected with the question of God as παντοκράτωρ (»pantocrator«).}, subject = {Gott }, language = {de} } @article{SonnenbergBannert2016, author = {Sonnenberg, Christoph and Bannert, Maria}, title = {Evaluating the Impact of Instructional Support Using Data Mining and Process Mining: A Micro-Level Analysis of the Effectiveness of Metacognitive Prompts}, series = {Journal of Educational Data Mining}, volume = {8}, journal = {Journal of Educational Data Mining}, number = {2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-152375}, pages = {51-83}, year = {2016}, abstract = {In computer-supported learning environments, the deployment of self-regulatory skills represents an essential prerequisite for successful learning. Metacognitive prompts are a promising type of instructional support to activate students' strategic learning activities. However, despite positive effects in previous studies, there are still a large number of students who do not benefit from provided support. Therefore, it may be necessary to consider explicitly the conditions under which a prompt is beneficial for a student, i.e., so-called adaptive scaffolding. The current study aims to (i) classify the effectiveness of prompts on regulatory behavior, (ii) investigate the correspondence of the classification with learning outcome, and (iii) discover the conditions under which prompts induce regulatory activities (i.e., the proper temporal positioning of prompts). The think-aloud data of an experiment in which metacognitive prompts supported the experimental group (n = 35) was used to distinguish between effective and non-effective prompts. Students' activities preceding the prompt presentation were analyzed using data mining and process mining techniques. The results indicate that approximately half of the presented prompts induced metacognitive learning activities as expected. Moreover, the number of induced monitoring activities correlates positively with transfer performance. Finally, the occurrence of orientation and monitoring activities, which are not well-embedded in the course of learning, increases the effectiveness of a presented prompt. In general, our findings demonstrate the benefits of investigating metacognitive support using process data, which can provide implications for the design of effective instructional support.}, language = {en} } @article{BornZinnerDuekingetal.2016, author = {Born, Dennis-Peter and Zinner, Christoph and D{\"u}king, Peter and Sperlich, Billy}, title = {Multi-Directional Sprint Training Improves Change-Of-Direction Speed and Reactive Agility in Young Highly Trained Soccer Players}, series = {Journal of Sports Science and Medicine}, volume = {15}, journal = {Journal of Sports Science and Medicine}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-146866}, pages = {314-319}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a repeated sprint training with multi-directional change-of-direction (COD) movements (RSmulti) compared to repeated shuttle sprints (RSS) on variables related to COD speed and reactive agility. Nineteen highly-trained male U15 soccer players were assigned into two groups performing either RSmulti or RSS. For both groups, each training session involved 20 repeated 15 s sprints interspersed with 30 s recovery. With RSmulti the COD movements were randomized and performed in response to a visual stimulus, while the RSS involved predefined 180° COD movements. Before and following the six training sessions, performance in the Illinois agility test (IAT), COD speed in response to a visual stimulus, 20 m linear sprint time and vertical jumping height were assessed. Both groups improved their performance in the IAT (p < 0.01, ES = 1.13; p = 0.01, ES = 0.55). The COD speed in response to a visual stimulus improved with the RSmulti (p < 0.01, ES = 1.03), but not the RSS (p = 0.46, ES = 0.28). No differences were found for 20 m sprint time (P=0.73, ES = 0.07; p = 0.14, ES = 0.28) or vertical jumping height (p = 0.46, ES = 0.11; p = 0.29, ES = 0.12) for the RSmulti and RSS, respectively. In conclusion, performance in the IAT improved with the RSmulti as well as RSS. With the RSmulti however, the COD movements are performed in response to a visual stimulus, which may result in specific adaptations that improve COD speed and reactive agility in young highly trained soccer players.}, language = {en} } @article{NeuderthSchwarzGerlichetal.2016, author = {Neuderth, Silke and Schwarz, Betje and Gerlich, Christian and Schuler, Michael and Markus, Miriam and Bethge, Matthias}, title = {Work-related medical rehabilitation in patients with musculoskeletal disorders: the protocol of a propensity score matched effectiveness study (EVA-WMR, DRKS00009780)}, series = {BMC Public Health}, volume = {16}, journal = {BMC Public Health}, number = {804}, doi = {10.1186/s12889-016-3437-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-150015}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Background Musculoskeletal disorders are one of the most important causes of work disability. Various rehabilitation services and return-to-work programs have been developed in order to reduce sickness absence and increase sustainable return-to-work. As the effects of conventional medical rehabilitation programs on sickness absence duration were shown to be slight, work-related medical rehabilitation programs have been developed and tested. While such studies proved the efficacy of work-related medical rehabilitation compared with conventional medical rehabilitation in well-conducted randomized controlled trials, its effectiveness under real-life conditions has yet to be proved. Methods/Design The cohort study will be performed under real-life conditions with two parallel groups. Participants will receive either a conventional or a work-related medical rehabilitation program. Propensity score matching will be used to identify controls that are comparable to treated work-related medical rehabilitation patients. Over a period of three months, about 18,000 insured patients with permission to undergo a musculoskeletal rehabilitation program will be contacted. Of these, 15,000 will receive a conventional and 3,000 a work-related medical rehabilitation. We expect a participation rate of 40 \% at baseline. Patients will be aged 18 to 65 years and have chronic musculoskeletal disorders, usually back pain. The control group will receive a conventional medical rehabilitation program without any explicit focus on work, work ability and return to work in diagnostics and therapy. The intervention group will receive a work-related medical rehabilitation program that in addition to common rehabilitation treatments contains 11 to 25 h of work-related treatment modules. Follow-up data will be assessed three and ten months after patients' discharge from the rehabilitation center. Additionally, department characteristics will be assessed and administrative data records used. The primary outcomes are sick leave duration, stable return to work and subjective work ability. Secondary outcomes cover several dimensions of health, functioning and coping strategies. Discussion This study will determine the relative effectiveness of a complex, newly implemented work-related rehabilitation strategy for patients with musculoskeletal disorders.}, language = {en} } @article{SbieraTryfonidouWeigandetal.2016, author = {Sbiera, Silviu and Tryfonidou, Marianna A. and Weigand, Isabel and Grinwis, Guy C. M. and Broeckx, Bart and Herterich, Sabine and Allolio, Bruno and Deutschbein, Timo and Fassnacht, Martin and Meij, Bj{\"o}rn P.}, title = {Lack of Ubiquitin Specific Protease 8 (USP8) Mutations in Canine Corticotroph Pituitary Adenomas}, series = {Plos One}, volume = {11}, journal = {Plos One}, number = {12}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0169009}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-148020}, pages = {e0169009}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Purpose Cushing's disease (CD), also known as pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism, is caused by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary tumours. Affected humans and dogs have similar clinical manifestations, however, the incidence of the canine disease is thousand-fold higher. This makes the dog an obvious model for studying the pathogenesis of pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. Despite certain similarities identified at the molecular level, the question still remains whether the two species have a shared oncogenetic background. Recently, hotspot recurrent mutations in the gene encoding for ubiquitin specific protease 8 (USP8) have been identified as the main driver behind the formation of ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas in humans. In this study, we aimed to verify whether USP8 mutations also play a role in the development of such tumours in dogs. Methods Presence of USP8 mutations was analysed by Sanger and PCR-cloning sequencing in 38 canine ACTH-secreting adenomas. Furthermore, the role of USP8 and EGFR protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in a subset of 25 adenomas. Results None of the analysed canine ACTH-secreting adenomas presented mutations in the USP8 gene. In a subset of these adenomas, however, we observed an increased nuclear expression of USP8, a phenotype characteristic for the USP8 mutated human tumours, that correlated with smaller tumour size but elevated ACTH production in those tumours. Conclusions Canine ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas lack mutations in the USP8 gene suggesting a different genetic background of pituitary tumourigenesis in dogs. However, elevated nuclear USP8 protein expression in a subset of tumours was associated with a similar phenotype as in their human counterparts, indicating a possible end-point convergence of the different genetic backgrounds in the two species. In order to establish the dog as a useful animal model for the study of CD, further comprehensive studies are needed.}, language = {en} } @article{MildnerRoces2016, author = {Mildner, Stephanie and Roces, Flavio}, title = {Plasticity of Daily Behavioral Rhythms in Foragers and Nurses of the Ant Camponotus rufipes: Influence of Social Context and Feeding Times}, series = {PLoS One}, volume = {12}, journal = {PLoS One}, number = {1}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0169244}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-148010}, pages = {e0169244}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Daily activities within an ant colony need precise temporal organization, and an endogenous clock appears to be essential for such timing processes. A clock drives locomotor rhythms in isolated workers in a number of ant species, but its involvement in activities displayed in the social context is unknown. We compared locomotor rhythms in isolated individuals and behavioral rhythms in the social context of workers of the ant Camponotus rufipes. Both forager and nurse workers exhibited circadian rhythms in locomotor activity under constant conditions, indicating the involvement of an endogenous clock. Activity was mostly nocturnal and synchronized with the 12:12h light-dark-cycle. To evaluate whether rhythmicity was maintained in the social context and could be synchronized with non-photic zeitgebers such as feeding times, daily behavioral activities of single workers inside and outside the nest were quantified continuously over 24 hours in 1656 hours of video recordings. Food availability was limited to a short time window either at day or at night, thus mimicking natural conditions of temporally restricted food access. Most foragers showed circadian foraging behavior synchronized with food availability, either at day or nighttime. When isolated thereafter in single locomotor activity monitors, foragers mainly displayed arrhythmicity. Here, high mortality suggested potential stressful effects of the former restriction of food availability. In contrast, nurse workers showed high overall activity levels in the social context and performed their tasks all around the clock with no circadian pattern, likely to meet the needs of the brood. In isolation, the same individuals exhibited in turn strong rhythmic activity and nocturnality. Thus, endogenous activity rhythms were inhibited in the social context, and timing of daily behaviors was flexibly adapted to cope with task demands. As a similar socially-mediated plasticity in circadian rhythms was already shown in honey bees, the temporal organization in C. rufipes and honey bees appear to share similar basic features.}, language = {en} } @article{Kramer2016, author = {Kramer, Susanne}, title = {Simultaneous detection of mRNA transcription and decay intermediates by dual colour single mRNA FISH on subcellular resolution}, series = {Nucleic Acids Research}, journal = {Nucleic Acids Research}, doi = {10.1093/nar/gkw1245}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-148002}, pages = {gkw1245}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The detection of mRNAs undergoing transcription or decay is challenging, because both processes are fast. However, the relative proportion of an mRNA in synthesis or decay increases with mRNA size and decreases with mRNA half-life. Based on this rationale, I have exploited a 22 200 nucleotide-long, short-lived endogenous mRNA as a reporter for mRNA metabolism in trypanosomes. The extreme 5΄ and 3΄ ends were labeled with red- and green-fluorescent Affymetrix® single mRNA FISH probes, respectively. In the resulting fluorescence images, yellow spots represent intact mRNAs; red spots are mRNAs in transcription or 3΄-5΄ decay, and green spots are mRNAs in 5΄-3΄ degradation. Most red spots were nuclear and insensitive to transcriptional inhibition and thus likely transcription intermediates. Most green spots were cytoplasmic, confirming that the majority of cytoplasmic decay in trypanosomes is 5΄-3΄. The system showed the expected changes at inhibition of transcription or translation and RNAi depletion of the trypanosome homologue to the 5΄-3΄ exoribonuclease Xrn1. The method allows to monitor changes in mRNA metabolism both on cellular and on population/tissue wide levels, but also to study the subcellular localization of mRNA transcription and decay pathways. I show that the system is applicable to mammalian cells.}, language = {en} } @article{KunzWolfSchulzeetal.2016, author = {Kunz, Meik and Wolf, Beat and Schulze, Harald and Atlan, David and Walles, Thorsten and Walles, Heike and Dandekar, Thomas}, title = {Non-Coding RNAs in Lung Cancer: Contribution of Bioinformatics Analysis to the Development of Non-Invasive Diagnostic Tools}, series = {Genes}, volume = {8}, journal = {Genes}, number = {1}, doi = {10.3390/genes8010008}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147990}, pages = {8}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Lung cancer is currently the leading cause of cancer related mortality due to late diagnosis and limited treatment intervention. Non-coding RNAs are not translated into proteins and have emerged as fundamental regulators of gene expression. Recent studies reported that microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs are involved in lung cancer development and progression. Moreover, they appear as new promising non-invasive biomarkers for early lung cancer diagnosis. Here, we highlight their potential as biomarker in lung cancer and present how bioinformatics can contribute to the development of non-invasive diagnostic tools. For this, we discuss several bioinformatics algorithms and software tools for a comprehensive understanding and functional characterization of microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs.}, language = {en} } @article{OthmanNaseemAwadetal.2016, author = {Othman, Eman M. and Naseem, Muhammed and Awad, Eman and Dandekar, Thomas and Stopper, Helga}, title = {The Plant Hormone Cytokinin Confers Protection against Oxidative Stress in Mammalian Cells}, series = {PLoS One}, volume = {11}, journal = {PLoS One}, number = {12}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0168386}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147983}, pages = {e0168386}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Modulating key dynamics of plant growth and development, the effects of the plant hormone cytokinin on animal cells gained much attention recently. Most previous studies on cytokinin effects on mammalian cells have been conducted with elevated cytokinin concentration (in the μM range). However, to examine physiologically relevant dose effects of cytokinins on animal cells, we systematically analyzed the impact of kinetin in cultured cells at low and high concentrations (1nM-10μM) and examined cytotoxic and genotoxic conditions. We furthermore measured the intrinsic antioxidant activity of kinetin in a cell-free system using the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power assay and in cells using the dihydroethidium staining method. Monitoring viability, we looked at kinetin effects in mammalian cells such as HL60 cells, HaCaT human keratinocyte cells, NRK rat epithelial kidney cells and human peripheral lymphocytes. Kinetin manifests no antioxidant activity in the cell free system and high doses of kinetin (500 nM and higher) reduce cell viability and mediate DNA damage in vitro. In contrast, low doses (concentrations up to 100 nM) of kinetin confer protection in cells against oxidative stress. Moreover, our results show that pretreatment of the cells with kinetin significantly reduces 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide mediated reactive oxygen species production. Also, pretreatment with kinetin retains cellular GSH levels when they are also treated with the GSH-depleting agent patulin. Our results explicitly show that low kinetin doses reduce apoptosis and protect cells from oxidative stress mediated cell death. Future studies on the interaction between cytokinins and human cellular pathway targets will be intriguing.}, language = {en} } @article{KiermaschRiederTvingstedtetal.2016, author = {Kiermasch, David and Rieder, Philipp and Tvingstedt, Kristofer and Baumann, Andreas and Dyakonov, Vladimir}, title = {Improved charge carrier lifetime in planar perovskite solar cells by bromine doping}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {6}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, doi = {10.1038/srep39333}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147976}, pages = {39333}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The charge carrier lifetime is an important parameter in solar cells as it defines, together with the mobility, the diffusion length of the charge carriers, thus directly determining the optimal active layer thickness of a device. Herein, we report on charge carrier lifetime values in bromine doped planar methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI\(_3\)) solar cells determined by transient photovoltage. The corresponding charge carrier density has been derived from charge carrier extraction. We found increased lifetime values in solar cells incorporating bromine compared to pure MAPbI\(_3\) by a factor of ~2.75 at an illumination intensity corresponding to 1 sun. In the bromine containing solar cells we additionally observe an anomalously high value of extracted charge, which we deduce to originate from mobile ions.}, language = {en} } @article{SubramanianDoeringKollertetal.2016, author = {Subramanian, Hariharan and D{\"o}ring, Frank and Kollert, Sina and Rukoyatkina, Natalia and Sturm, Julia and Gambaryan, Stepan and Stellzig-Eisenhauer, Angelika and Meyer-Marcotty, Philipp and Eigenthaler, Martin and Wischmeyer, Erhard}, title = {PTH1R Mutants Found in Patients with Primary Failure of Tooth Eruption Disrupt G-Protein Signaling}, series = {PLoS One}, volume = {11}, journal = {PLoS One}, number = {11}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0167033}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147967}, pages = {e0167033}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Aim Primary failure of tooth eruption (PFE) is causally linked to heterozygous mutations of the parathyroid hormone receptor (PTH1R) gene. The mutants described so far lead to exchange of amino acids or truncation of the protein that may result in structural changes of the expressed PTH1R. However, functional effects of these mutations have not been investigated yet. Materials and Methods In HEK293 cells, PTH1R wild type was co-transfected with selected PTH1R mutants identified in patients with PFE. The effects on activation of PTH-regulated intracellular signaling pathways were analyzed by ELISA and Western immunoblotting. Differential effects of wild type and mutated PTH1R on TRESK ion channel regulation were analyzed by electrophysiological recordings in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Results In HEK293 cells, activation of PTH1R wild type increases cAMP and in response activates cAMP-stimulated protein kinase as detected by phosphorylation of the vasodilator stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP). In contrast, the PTH1R mutants are functionally inactive and mutant PTH1R/Gly452Glu has a dominant negative effect on the signaling of PTH1R wild type. Confocal imaging revealed that wild type PTH1R is expressed on the cell surface, whereas PTH1R/Gly452Glu mutant is mostly retained inside the cell. Furthermore, in contrast to wild type PTH1R which substantially augmented K+ currents of TRESK channels, coupling of mutated PTH1R to TRESK channels was completely abolished. Conclusions PTH1R mutations affect intracellular PTH-regulated signaling in vitro. In patients with primary failure of tooth eruption defective signaling of PTH1R mutations is suggested to occur in dento-alveolar cells and thus may lead to impaired tooth movement.}, language = {en} } @article{AnkenbrandWeberBeckeretal.2016, author = {Ankenbrand, Markus J. and Weber, Lorenz and Becker, Dirk and F{\"o}rster, Frank and Bemm, Felix}, title = {TBro: visualization and management of de novo transcriptomes}, series = {Database}, volume = {2016}, journal = {Database}, doi = {10.1093/database/baw146}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147954}, pages = {baw146}, year = {2016}, abstract = {RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) has become a powerful tool to understand molecular mechanisms and/or developmental programs. It provides a fast, reliable and cost-effective method to access sets of expressed elements in a qualitative and quantitative manner. Especially for non-model organisms and in absence of a reference genome, RNA-seq data is used to reconstruct and quantify transcriptomes at the same time. Even SNPs, InDels, and alternative splicing events are predicted directly from the data without having a reference genome at hand. A key challenge, especially for non-computational personnal, is the management of the resulting datasets, consisting of different data types and formats. Here, we present TBro, a flexible de novo transcriptome browser, tackling this challenge. TBro aggregates sequences, their annotation, expression levels as well as differential testing results. It provides an easy-to-use interface to mine the aggregated data and generate publication-ready visualizations. Additionally, it supports users with an intuitive cart system, that helps collecting and analysing biological meaningful sets of transcripts. TBro's modular architecture allows easy extension of its functionalities in the future. Especially, the integration of new data types such as proteomic quantifications or array-based gene expression data is straightforward. Thus, TBro is a fully featured yet flexible transcriptome browser that supports approaching complex biological questions and enhances collaboration of numerous researchers.}, language = {en} } @article{LugrinLatoschikHabeletal.2016, author = {Lugrin, Jean-Luc and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Habel, Michael and Roth, Daniel and Seufert, Christian and Grafe, Silke}, title = {Breaking Bad Behaviors: A New Tool for Learning Classroom Management Using Virtual Reality}, series = {Frontiers in ICT}, volume = {3}, journal = {Frontiers in ICT}, number = {26}, doi = {10.3389/fict.2016.00026}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147945}, year = {2016}, abstract = {This article presents an immersive virtual reality (VR) system for training classroom management skills, with a specific focus on learning to manage disruptive student behavior in face-to-face, one-to-many teaching scenarios. The core of the system is a real-time 3D virtual simulation of a classroom populated by twenty-four semi-autonomous virtual students. The system has been designed as a companion tool for classroom management seminars in a syllabus for primary and secondary school teachers. This will allow lecturers to link theory with practice using the medium of VR. The system is therefore designed for two users: a trainee teacher and an instructor supervising the training session. The teacher is immersed in a real-time 3D simulation of a classroom by means of a head-mounted display and headphone. The instructor operates a graphical desktop console, which renders a view of the class and the teacher whose avatar movements are captured by a marker less tracking system. This console includes a 2D graphics menu with convenient behavior and feedback control mechanisms to provide human-guided training sessions. The system is built using low-cost consumer hardware and software. Its architecture and technical design are described in detail. A first evaluation confirms its conformance to critical usability requirements (i.e., safety and comfort, believability, simplicity, acceptability, extensibility, affordability, and mobility). Our initial results are promising and constitute the necessary first step toward a possible investigation of the efficiency and effectiveness of such a system in terms of learning outcomes and experience.}, language = {en} } @article{SommerlandtSpaetheRoessleretal.2016, author = {Sommerlandt, Frank M. J. and Spaethe, Johannes and R{\"o}ssler, Wolfgang and Dyer, Adrian G.}, title = {Does Fine Color Discrimination Learning in Free-Flying Honeybees Change Mushroom-Body Calyx Neuroarchitecture?}, series = {PLoS One}, volume = {11}, journal = {PLoS One}, number = {10}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0164386}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147932}, pages = {e0164386}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Honeybees learn color information of rewarding flowers and recall these memories in future decisions. For fine color discrimination, bees require differential conditioning with a concurrent presentation of target and distractor stimuli to form a long-term memory. Here we investigated whether the long-term storage of color information shapes the neural network of microglomeruli in the mushroom body calyces and if this depends on the type of conditioning. Free-flying honeybees were individually trained to a pair of perceptually similar colors in either absolute conditioning towards one of the colors or in differential conditioning with both colors. Subsequently, bees of either conditioning groups were tested in non-rewarded discrimination tests with the two colors. Only bees trained with differential conditioning preferred the previously learned color, whereas bees of the absolute conditioning group, and a stimuli-na{\"i}ve group, chose randomly among color stimuli. All bees were then kept individually for three days in the dark to allow for complete long-term memory formation. Whole-mount immunostaining was subsequently used to quantify variation of microglomeruli number and density in the mushroom-body lip and collar. We found no significant differences among groups in neuropil volumes and total microglomeruli numbers, but learning performance was negatively correlated with microglomeruli density in the absolute conditioning group. Based on these findings we aim to promote future research approaches combining behaviorally relevant color learning tests in honeybees under free-flight conditions with neuroimaging analysis; we also discuss possible limitations of this approach.q}, language = {en} } @article{KleihGottschaltTeichleinetal.2016, author = {Kleih, Sonja C. and Gottschalt, Lea and Teichlein, Eva and Weilbach, Franz X.}, title = {Toward a P300 Based Brain-Computer Interface for Aphasia Rehabilitation after Stroke: Presentation of Theoretical Considerations and a Pilot Feasibility Study}, series = {Frontiers in Human Neuroscience}, volume = {10}, journal = {Frontiers in Human Neuroscience}, number = {547}, doi = {10.3389/fnhum.2016.00547}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147929}, year = {2016}, abstract = {People with post-stroke motor aphasia know what they would like to say but cannot express it through motor pathways due to disruption of cortical circuits. We present a theoretical background for our hypothesized connection between attention and aphasia rehabilitation and suggest why in this context, Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) use might be beneficial for patients diagnosed with aphasia. Not only could BCI technology provide a communication tool, it might support neuronal plasticity by activating language circuits and thereby boost aphasia recovery. However, stroke may lead to heterogeneous symptoms that might hinder BCI use, which is why the feasibility of this approach needs to be investigated first. In this pilot study, we included five participants diagnosed with post-stroke aphasia. Four participants were initially unable to use the visual P300 speller paradigm. By adjusting the paradigm to their needs, participants could successfully learn to use the speller for communication with accuracies up to 100\%. We describe necessary adjustments to the paradigm and present future steps to investigate further this approach.}, language = {en} } @article{ZipfelEyrichSchlegeletal.2016, author = {Zipfel, Julian and Eyrich, Matthias and Schlegel, Paul-Gerhardt and Wiegering, Verena}, title = {Disturbed B cell and DC-Homeostasis in Pediatric cGVHD Patients-Cocultivation Experiments and Review of the Literature}, series = {Clinics in Oncology}, volume = {1}, journal = {Clinics in Oncology}, number = {1097}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147914}, year = {2016}, abstract = {B cells and DCs are suspected to play an important role in the pathogenesis of cGvHD, which is a serious complication of HSCT with high morbidity. It is characterized by immune responses of donor immune cells against recipient-derived antigens. athogenesis is not yet fully understood, however reconstitution of B cells after HSCT has similarities to physiologic ontogeny. Immunophenotyping and co-cultivation-experiments of B cells and DCs from pediatric patients with cGvHD as well as healthy donors were conducted. Significant differences between patients and healthy donors were observed with increased memory, transitional, CD69+ and CD86+ phenotype and lower levels of na{\"i}ve B cells due to apoptosis. Co-cultivation revealed this to be primarily B cell-dependent without major effects of and with DCs. There was a decreased CD11c- phenotype in patients and less apoptosis of DCs. Our data suggest a disturbed homeostasis in B cells with increased memory phenotype in patients, whereas DCs could not influence these differences, therefore DCs are not imposing as promising targets. B cell-dependent approaches should be further investigated.}, language = {en} } @article{SerenGrimmFitzetal.2016, author = {Seren, {\"U}mit and Grimm, Dominik and Fitz, Joffrey and Weigel, Detlef and Nordborg, Magnus and Borgwardt, Karsten and Korte, Arthur}, title = {AraPheno: a public database for Arabidopsis thaliana phenotypes}, series = {Nucleic Acids Research}, volume = {45}, journal = {Nucleic Acids Research}, number = {D1}, doi = {10.1093/nar/gkw986}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147909}, pages = {D1054-D1059}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Natural genetic variation makes it possible to discover evolutionary changes that have been maintained in a population because they are advantageous. To understand genotype-phenotype relationships and to investigate trait architecture, the existence of both high-resolution genotypic and phenotypic data is necessary. Arabidopsis thaliana is a prime model for these purposes. This herb naturally occurs across much of the Eurasian continent and North America. Thus, it is exposed to a wide range of environmental factors and has been subject to natural selection under distinct conditions. Full genome sequencing data for more than 1000 different natural inbred lines are available, and this has encouraged the distributed generation of many types of phenotypic data. To leverage these data for meta analyses, AraPheno (https://arapheno.1001genomes.org) provide a central repository of population-scale phenotypes for A. thaliana inbred lines. AraPheno includes various features to easily access, download and visualize the phenotypic data. This will facilitate a comparative analysis of the many different types of phenotypic data, which is the base to further enhance our understanding of the genotype-phenotype map.}, language = {en} } @article{BeningHamoudaLeyh2016, author = {Bening, C. and Hamouda, K. and Leyh, R.}, title = {Sex differences in volume overload in skinned fibers}, series = {BMC Cardiovascular Disorders}, volume = {16}, journal = {BMC Cardiovascular Disorders}, number = {197}, doi = {10.1186/s12872-016-0370-8}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147896}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Background The impact of sex on cardiac morphology and function in chronic volume overload has been described in detail. However, the relation between sex and contractile properties at the actin-myosin level has not been well defined. Therefore, we evaluated the influence of sex on the contractile capacities of patients with chronic volume overload. Methods In 36 patients (18 males, 65 ± 9 years; 18 females, 65 ± 13 years) scheduled for elective mitral valve surgery due to severe mitral regurgitation (MR) with preserved left ventricular function, right auricle samples were obtained prior to extracorporal circulation. The fibers were prepared and skinned and exposed to a gradual increase in the calcium concentration (from pCa of 6.5-4.0) for calcium-induced force-developing measurements. Calcium sensitivity was also measured and recorded. Results The pCa-force relationship of the fibers obtained from males and females was significantly different, with the force values of the female fibers greater than those of male fibers at maximum calcium concentrations (pCa of 4.0: 3.6 ± 0.3 mN versus 3.2 ± 0.4 mN, p 0.02) and pCa of 4.5 2.6 ± 0.6 versus 2.0 ± 0.5, p 0.002). In contrast, the force values of female fibers were lower at mean calcium concentrations compared to those of male fibers (at 5.5 and pCa of 6.0: 1.0 ± 0.3 mN versus 1.2 ± 0.5 mN, p 0.04; 0.61 ± 0.05 versus 0.88 ± 0.09, p 0.04). Calcium sensitivity was observed at pCa of 5.0 in females and pCa of 4.5 in males. Conclusion This study demonstrated that female fibers from patients exposed to chronic volume overload developed higher force values at a given calcium concentration compared to fibers from male patients. We assume that female patients might tap the full force potential, which is required when exposed to the highest calcium concentrations in our experimental cycle. The calcium sensitivity among genders was significantly different, with the results suggesting that males have higher calcium sensitivity and might compensate for lower force values at maximal calcium concentrations by a higher affinity for calcium. Hence, female patients with MR seem to work more "energy efficient".}, language = {en} } @article{KrajinovicReimerKudlichetal.2016, author = {Krajinovic, K. and Reimer, S. and Kudlich, T. and Germer, C. T. and Wiegering, A.}, title = {"Rendezvous technique" for intraluminal vacuum therapy of anastomotic leakage of the jejunum}, series = {Surgical Case Reports}, volume = {2}, journal = {Surgical Case Reports}, number = {114}, doi = {10.1186/s40792-016-0243-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147883}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Background Anastomotic leakage (AL) is one of the most common and serious complications following visceral surgery. In recent years, endoluminal vacuum therapy has dramatically changed therapeutic options for AL, but its use has been limited to areas easily accessible by endoscope. Case presentation We describe the first use of endoluminal vacuum therapy in the small intestine employing a combined surgical and endoscopic "rendezvous technique" in which the surgeon assists the endoscopic placement of an endoluminal vacuum therapy sponge in the jejunum by means of a pullback string. This technique led to a completely closed AL after 27 days and 7 changes of the endosponge. Conclusion The combined surgical and endoscopic rendezvous technique can be useful in cases of otherwise difficult endosponge placement.}, language = {en} } @article{UllmannSchmittJagdhuber2016, author = {Ullmann, Tobias and Schmitt, Andreas and Jagdhuber, Thomas}, title = {Two Component Decomposition of Dual Polarimetric HH/VV SAR Data: Case Study for the Tundra Environment of the Mackenzie Delta Region, Canada}, series = {Remote Sensing}, volume = {8}, journal = {Remote Sensing}, number = {12}, doi = {10.3390/rs8121027}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147879}, pages = {1027}, year = {2016}, abstract = {This study investigates a two component decomposition technique for HH/VV-polarized PolSAR (Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar) data. The approach is a straight forward adaption of the Yamaguchi decomposition and decomposes the data into two scattering contributions: surface and double bounce under the assumption of a negligible vegetation scattering component in Tundra environments. The dependencies between the features of this two and the classical three component Yamaguchi decomposition were investigated for Radarsat-2 (quad) and TerraSAR-X (HH/VV) data for the Mackenzie Delta Region, Canada. In situ data on land cover were used to derive the scattering characteristics and to analyze the correlation among the PolSAR features. The double bounce and surface scattering features of the two and three component scattering model (derived from pseudo-HH/VV- and quad-polarized data) showed similar scattering characteristics and positively correlated-R2 values of 0.60 (double bounce) and 0.88 (surface scattering) were observed. The presence of volume scattering led to differences between the features and these were minimized for land cover classes of low vegetation height that showed little volume scattering contribution. In terms of separability, the quad-polarized Radarsat-2 data offered the best separation of the examined tundra land cover types and will be best suited for the classification. This is anticipated as it represents the largest feature space of all tested ones. However; the classes "wetland" and "bare ground" showed clear positions in the feature spaces of the C- and X-Band HH/VV-polarized data and an accurate classification of these land cover types is promising. Among the possible dual-polarization modes of Radarsat-2 the HH/VV was found to be the favorable mode for the characterization of the aforementioned tundra land cover classes due to the coherent acquisition and the preserved co-pol. phase. Contrary, HH/HV-polarized and VV/VH-polarized data were found to be best suited for the characterization of mixed and shrub dominated tundra.}, language = {en} } @article{UllmannBuedelBaumhaueretal.2016, author = {Ullmann, Tobias and B{\"u}del, Christian and Baumhauer, Roland and Padashi, Majid}, title = {Sentinel-1 SAR Data Revealing Fluvial Morphodynamics in Damghan (Iran): Amplitude and Coherence Change Detection}, series = {International Journal of Earth Science and Geophysics}, volume = {2}, journal = {International Journal of Earth Science and Geophysics}, number = {1}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147863}, pages = {007}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The Sentinel-1 Satellite (S-1) of ESA's Copernicus Mission delivers freely available C-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data that are suited for interferometric applications (InSAR). The high geometric resolution of less than fifteen meter and the large coverage offered by the Interferometric Wide Swath mode (IW) point to new perspectives on the comprehension and understanding of surface changes, the quantification and monitoring of dynamic processes, especially in arid regions. The contribution shows the application of S-1 intensities and InSAR coherences in time series analysis for the delineation of changes related to fluvial morphodynamics in Damghan, Iran. The investigations were carried out for the period from April to October 2015 and exhibit the potential of the S-1 data for the identification of surface disturbances, mass movements and fluvial channel activity in the surroundings of the Damghan Playa. The Amplitude Change Detection highlighted extensive material movement and accumulation - up to sizes of more than 4,000 m in width - in the east of the Playa via changes in intensity. Further, the Coherence Change Detection technique was capable to indicate small-scale channel activity of the drainage system that was neither recognizable in the S-1 intensity nor the multispectral Landsat-8 data. The run off caused a decorrelation of the SAR signals and a drop in coherence. Seen from a morphodynamic point of view, the results indicated a highly dynamic system and complex tempo-spatial patterns were observed that will be subject of future analysis. Additionally, the study revealed the necessity to collect independent reference data on fluvial activity in order to train and adjust the change detector.}, language = {en} } @article{FetschGaitzschMessageretal.2016, author = {Fetsch, Corinna and Gaitzsch, Jens and Messager, Lea and Battaglia, Giuseppe and Luxenhofer, Roberts}, title = {Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Block Copolypeptoids - Micelles, Worms and Polymersomes}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {6}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, doi = {10.1038/srep33491}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147855}, pages = {33491}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Polypeptoids are an old but recently rediscovered polymer class with interesting synthetic, physico-chemical and biological characteristics. Here, we introduce new aromatic monomers, N-benzyl glycine N-carboxyanhydride and N-phenethyl glycine N-carboxyanhydride and their block copolymers with the hydrophilic polysarcosine. We compare their self-assembly in water and aqueous buffer with the self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolypeptoids with aliphatic side chains. The aggregates in water were investigated by dynamic light scattering and electron microscopy. We found a variety of morphologies, which were influenced by the polymer structure as well as by the preparation method. Overall, we found polymersomes, worm-like micelles and oligo-lamellar morphologies as well as some less defined aggregates of interconnected worms and vesicles. Such, this contribution may serve as a starting point for a more detailed investigation of the self-assembly behavior of the rich class of polypeptoids and for a better understanding between the differences in the aggregation behavior of non-uniform polypeptoids and uniform peptoids.}, language = {en} } @article{AdolfiHerpinRegensburgeretal.2016, author = {Adolfi, Mateus C. and Herpin, Amaury and Regensburger, Martina and Sacquegno, Jacopo and Waxman, Joshua S. and Schartl, Manfred}, title = {Retinoic acid and meiosis induction in adult versus embryonic gonads of medaka}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {6}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, doi = {10.1038/srep34281}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147843}, pages = {34281}, year = {2016}, abstract = {In vertebrates, one of the first recognizable sex differences in embryos is the onset of meiosis, known to be regulated by retinoic acid (RA) in mammals. We investigated in medaka a possible meiotic function of RA during the embryonic sex determination (SD) period and in mature gonads. We found RA mediated transcriptional activation in germ cells of both sexes much earlier than the SD stage, however, no such activity during the critical stages of SD. In adults, expression of the RA metabolizing enzymes indicates sexually dimorphic RA levels. In testis, RA acts directly in Sertoli, Leydig and pre-meiotic germ cells. In ovaries, RA transcriptional activity is highest in meiotic oocytes. Our results show that RA plays an important role in meiosis induction and gametogenesis in adult medaka but contrary to common expectations, not for initiating the first meiosis in female germ cells at the SD stage.}, language = {en} } @article{IpIsaiasKuscheTekinetal.2016, author = {Ip, Chi Wang and Isaias, Ioannis U. and Kusche-Tekin, Burak B. and Klein, Dennis and Groh, Janos and O´Leary, Aet and Knorr, Susanne and Higuchi, Takahiro and Koprich, James B. and Brotchie, Jonathan M. and Toyka, Klaus V. and Reif, Andreas and Volkmann, Jens}, title = {Tor1a+/- mice develop dystonia-like movements via a striatal dopaminergic dysregulation triggered by peripheral nerve injury}, series = {Acta Neuropathologica Communications}, volume = {4}, journal = {Acta Neuropathologica Communications}, number = {108}, doi = {10.1186/s40478-016-0375-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147839}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Isolated generalized dystonia is a central motor network disorder characterized by twisted movements or postures. The most frequent genetic cause is a GAG deletion in the Tor1a (DYT1) gene encoding torsinA with a reduced penetrance of 30-40 \% suggesting additional genetic or environmental modifiers. Development of dystonia-like movements after a standardized peripheral nerve crush lesion in wild type (wt) and Tor1a+/- mice, that express 50 \% torsinA only, was assessed by scoring of hindlimb movements during tail suspension, by rotarod testing and by computer-assisted gait analysis. Western blot analysis was performed for dopamine transporter (DAT), D1 and D2 receptors from striatal and quantitative RT-PCR analysis for DAT from midbrain dissections. Autoradiography was used to assess the functional DAT binding in striatum. Striatal dopamine and its metabolites were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. After nerve crush injury, we found abnormal posturing in the lesioned hindlimb of both mutant and wt mice indicating the profound influence of the nerve lesion (15x vs. 12x relative to control) resembling human peripheral pseudodystonia. In mutant mice the phenotypic abnormalities were increased by about 40 \% (p < 0.05). This was accompanied by complex alterations of striatal dopamine homeostasis. Pharmacological blockade of dopamine synthesis reduced severity of dystonia-like movements, whereas treatment with L-Dopa aggravated these but only in mutant mice suggesting a DYT1 related central component relevant to the development of abnormal involuntary movements. Our findings suggest that upon peripheral nerve injury reduced torsinA concentration and environmental stressors may act in concert in causing the central motor network dysfunction of DYT1 dystonia.}, language = {en} } @article{GaviraghiSchindeleAnnunziatoetal.2016, author = {Gaviraghi, Beatrice and Schindele, Andreas and Annunziato, Mario and Borz{\`i}, Alfio}, title = {On Optimal Sparse-Control Problems Governed by Jump-Diffusion Processes}, series = {Applied Mathematics}, volume = {7}, journal = {Applied Mathematics}, number = {16}, doi = {10.4236/am.2016.716162}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147819}, pages = {1978 -- 2004}, year = {2016}, abstract = {A framework for the optimal sparse-control of the probability density function of a jump-diffusion process is presented. This framework is based on the partial integro-differential Fokker-Planck (FP) equation that governs the time evolution of the probability density function of this process. In the stochastic process and, correspondingly, in the FP model the control function enters as a time-dependent coefficient. The objectives of the control are to minimize a discrete-in-time, resp. continuous-in-time, tracking functionals and its L2- and L1-costs, where the latter is considered to promote control sparsity. An efficient proximal scheme for solving these optimal control problems is considered. Results of numerical experiments are presented to validate the theoretical results and the computational effectiveness of the proposed control framework.}, language = {en} } @article{AnisimovSiminSoltamovetal.2016, author = {Anisimov, A. N. and Simin, D. and Soltamov, V. A. and Lebedev, S. P. and Baranov, P. G. and Astakhov, G. V. and Dyakonov, V.}, title = {Optical thermometry based on level anticrossing in silicon carbide}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {6}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, number = {33301}, doi = {10.1038/srep33301}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147809}, year = {2016}, abstract = {We report a giant thermal shift of 2.1 MHz/K related to the excited-state zero-field splitting in the silicon vacancy centers in 4H silicon carbide. It is obtained from the indirect observation of the optically detected magnetic resonance in the excited state using the ground state as an ancilla. Alternatively, relative variations of the zero-field splitting for small temperature differences can be detected without application of radiofrequency fields, by simply monitoring the photoluminescence intensity in the vicinity of the level anticrossing. This effect results in an all-optical thermometry technique with temperature sensitivity of 100 mK/Hz\(^{1/2}\) for a detection volume of approximately 10\(^{-6}\) mm\(^3\). In contrast, the zero-field splitting in the ground state does not reveal detectable temperature shift. Using these properties, an integrated magnetic field and temperature sensor can be implemented on the same center.}, language = {en} } @article{BluemelLinkeHerrmannetal.2016, author = {Bluemel, Christina and Linke, Fraenze and Herrmann, Ken and Simunovic, Iva and Eiber, Matthias and Kestler, Christian and Buck, Andreas K. and Schirbel, Andreas and Bley, Thorsten A. and Wester, Hans-Juergen and Vergho, Daniel and Becker, Axel}, title = {Impact of \(^{68}\)Ga-PSMA PET/CT on salvage radiotherapy planning in patients with prostate cancer and persisting PSA values or biochemical relapse after prostatectomy}, series = {EJNMMI Research}, volume = {6}, journal = {EJNMMI Research}, number = {78}, doi = {10.1186/s13550-016-0233-4}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147798}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Background Salvage radiotherapy (SRT) is clinically established in prostate cancer (PC) patients with PSA persistence or biochemical relapse (BCR) after prior radical surgery. PET/CT imaging prior to SRT may be performed to localize disease recurrence. The recently introduced \(^{68}\)Ga-PSMA outperforms other PET tracers for detection of recurrence and is therefore expected also to impact radiation planning. Forty-five patients with PSA persistence (16 pts) or BCR (29 pts) after prior prostatectomy, scheduled to undergo SRT of the prostate bed, underwent \(^{68}\)Ga-PSMA PET/CT. The median PSA level was 0.67 ng/ml. The impact of \(^{68}\)Ga-PSMA PET/CT on the treatment decision was assessed. Patients with oligometastatic (≤5 lesions) PC underwent radiotherapy (RT), with the extent of the RT area and dose escalation being based on PET positivity. Results Suspicious lesions were detected in 24/45 (53.3 \%) patients. In 62.5 \% of patients, lesions were only detected by 68Ga-PSMA PET. Treatment was changed in 19/45 (42.2 \%) patients, e.g., extending SRT to metastases (9/19), administering dose escalation in patients with morphological local recurrence (6/19), or replacing SRT by systemic therapy (2/19). 38/45 (84.4 \%) followed the treatment recommendation, with data on clinical follow-up being available in 21 patients treated with SRT. All but one showed biochemical response (mean PSA decline 78 ± 19 \%) within a mean follow-up of 8.12 ± 5.23 months. Conclusions \(^{68}\)Ga-PSMA PET/CT impacts treatment planning in more than 40 \% of patients scheduled to undergo SRT. Future prospective studies are needed to confirm this significant therapeutic impact on patients prior to SRT.}, language = {en} } @article{GilbertBoehmEdenetal.2016, author = {Gilbert, Fabian and B{\"o}hm, Dirk and Eden, Lars and Schmalzl, Jonas and Meffert, Rainer H. and K{\"o}stler, Herbert and Weng, Andreas M. and Ziegler, Dirk}, title = {Comparing the MRI-based Goutallier Classification to an experimental quantitative MR spectroscopic fat measurement of the supraspinatus muscle}, series = {BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders}, volume = {17}, journal = {BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders}, number = {355}, doi = {10.1186/s12891-016-1216-3}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147788}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Background The Goutallier Classification is a semi quantitative classification system to determine the amount of fatty degeneration in rotator cuff muscles. Although initially proposed for axial computer tomography scans it is currently applied to magnet-resonance-imaging-scans. The role for its clinical use is controversial, as the reliability of the classification has been shown to be inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to compare the semi quantitative MRI-based Goutallier Classification applied by 5 different raters to experimental MR spectroscopic quantitative fat measurement in order to determine the correlation between this classification system and the true extent of fatty degeneration shown by spectroscopy. Methods MRI-scans of 42 patients with rotator cuff tears were examined by 5 shoulder surgeons and were graduated according to the MRI-based Goutallier Classification proposed by Fuchs et al. Additionally the fat/water ratio was measured with MR spectroscopy using the experimental SPLASH technique. The semi quantitative grading according to the Goutallier Classification was statistically correlated with the quantitative measured fat/water ratio using Spearman's rank correlation. Results Statistical analysis of the data revealed only fair correlation of the Goutallier Classification system and the quantitative fat/water ratio with R = 0.35 (p < 0.05). By dichotomizing the scale the correlation was 0.72. The interobserver and intraobserver reliabilities were substantial with R = 0.62 and R = 0.74 (p < 0.01). Conclusion The correlation between the semi quantitative MRI based Goutallier Classification system and MR spectroscopic fat measurement is weak. As an adequate estimation of fatty degeneration based on standard MRI may not be possible, quantitative methods need to be considered in order to increase diagnostic safety and thus provide patients with ideal care in regard to the amount of fatty degeneration. Spectroscopic MR measurement may increase the accuracy of the Goutallier classification and thus improve the prediction of clinical results after rotator cuff repair. However, these techniques are currently only available in an experimental setting.}, language = {en} } @article{BuschHoffjanBergmannetal.2016, author = {Busch, Albert and Hoffjan, Sabine and Bergmann, Frauke and Hartung, Birgit and Jung, Helena and Hanel, Daniela and Tzschach, Andeas and Kadar, Janos and von Kodolitsch, Yskert and Germer, Christoph-Thomas and Trobisch, Heiner and Strasser, Erwin and Wildenauer, Ren{\´e}}, title = {Vascular type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is associated with platelet dysfunction and low vitamin D serum concentration}, series = {Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases}, volume = {11}, journal = {Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases}, number = {111}, doi = {10.1186/s13023-016-0491-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147757}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Background The vascular type represents a very rare, yet the clinically most fatal entity of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS). Patients are often admitted due to arterial bleedings and the friable tissue and the altered coagulation contribute to the challenge in treatment strategies. Until now there is little information about clotting characteristics that might influence hemostasis decisively and eventually worsen emergency situations. Results 22 vascular type EDS patients were studied for hemoglobin, platelet volume and count, Quick and activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, factor XIII, von Willebrand disease, vitamin D and platelet aggregation by modern standard laboratory methods. Results show a high prevalence of over 50 \% for platelet aggregation disorders in vascular type EDS patients, especially for collagen and epinephrine induced tests, whereas the plasmatic cascade did not show any alterations. Additionally, more than half of the tested subjects showed low vitamin D serum levels, which might additionally affect vascular wall integrity. Conclusion The presented data underline the importance of detailed laboratory screening methods in vascular type EDS patients in order to allow for targeted application of platelet-interacting substances that might be of decisive benefit in the emergency setting.}, language = {en} } @article{LichthardtKerscherDietzetal.2016, author = {Lichthardt, Sven and Kerscher, Alexander and Dietz, Ulrich A. and Jurowich, Christian and Kunzmann, Volker and von Rahden, Burkhard H. A. and Germer, Christoph-Thomas and Wiegering, Armin}, title = {Original article: role of adjuvant chemotherapy in a perioperative chemotherapy regimen for gastric cancer}, series = {BMC Cancer}, volume = {16}, journal = {BMC Cancer}, number = {650}, doi = {10.1186/s12885-016-2708-0}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147743}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Background Multimodal treatment strategies - perioperative chemotherapy (CTx) and radical surgery - are currently accepted as treatment standard for locally advanced gastric cancer. However, the role of adjuvant postoperative CTx (postCTx) in addition to neoadjuvant preoperative CTx (preCTx) in this setting remains controversial. Methods Between 4/2006 and 12/2013, 116 patients with locally advanced gastric cancer were treated with preCTx. 72 patients (62 \%), in whom complete tumor resection (R0, subtotal/total gastrectomy with D2-lymphadenectomy) was achieved, were divided into two groups, one of which receiving adjuvant therapy (n = 52) and one without (n = 20). These groups were analyzed with regard to survival and exclusion criteria for adjuvant therapy. Results Postoperative complications, as well as their severity grade, did not correlate with fewer postCTx cycles administered (p = n.s.). Long-term survival was shorter in patients receiving postCTx in comparison to patients without postCTx, but did not show statistical significance. In per protocol analysis by excluding two patients with perioperative death, a shorter 3-year survival rate was observed in patients receiving postCTx compared to patients without postCTx (3-year survival: 71.2 \% postCTx group vs. 90.0 \% non-postCTx group; p = 0.038). Conclusion These results appear contradicting to the anticipated outcome. While speculative, they question the value of post-CTx. Prospectively randomized studies are needed to elucidate the role of postCTx.}, language = {en} } @article{HuesteggeBoeckler2016, author = {Huestegge, Lynn and B{\"o}ckler, Anne}, title = {Out of the corner of the driver's eye: Peripheral processing of hazards in static traffic scenes}, series = {Journal of Vision}, volume = {16}, journal = {Journal of Vision}, number = {11}, doi = {10.1167/16.2.11}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147726}, pages = {1-15}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Effective gaze control in traffic, based on peripheral visual information, is important to avoid hazards. Whereas previous hazard perception research mainly focused on skill-component development (e.g., orientation and hazard processing), little is known about the role and dynamics of peripheral vision in hazard perception. We analyzed eye movement data from a study in which participants scanned static traffic scenes including medium-level versus dangerous hazards and focused on characteristics of fixations prior to entering the hazard region. We found that initial saccade amplitudes into the hazard region were substantially longer for dangerous (vs. medium-level) hazards, irrespective of participants' driving expertise. An analysis of the temporal dynamics of this hazard-level dependent saccade targeting distance effect revealed that peripheral hazard-level processing occurred around 200-400 ms during the course of the fixation prior to entering the hazard region. An additional psychophysical hazard detection experiment, in which hazard eccentricity was manipulated, revealed better detection for dangerous (vs. medium-level) hazards in both central and peripheral vision. Furthermore, we observed a significant perceptual decline from center to periphery for medium (but not for highly) dangerous hazards. Overall, the results suggest that hazard processing is remarkably effective in peripheral vision and utilized to guide the eyes toward potential hazards.}, language = {en} } @article{ConradSchoenbrodtStittLoewetal.2016, author = {Conrad, Christopher and Sch{\"o}nbrodt-Stitt, Sarah and L{\"o}w, Fabian and Sorokin, Denis and Paeth, Heiko}, title = {Cropping Intensity in the Aral Sea Basin and Its Dependency from the Runoff Formation 2000-2012}, series = {Remote Sensing}, volume = {8}, journal = {Remote Sensing}, number = {630}, doi = {10.3390/rs8080630}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147701}, year = {2016}, abstract = {This study is aimed at a better understanding of how upstream runoff formation affected the cropping intensity (CI: number of harvests) in the Aral Sea Basin (ASB) between 2000 and 2012. MODIS 250 m NDVI time series and knowledge-based pixel masking that included settlement layers and topography features enabled to map the irrigated cropland extent (iCE). Random forest models supported the classification of cropland vegetation phenology (CVP: winter/summer crops, double cropping, etc.). CI and the percentage of fallow cropland (PF) were derived from CVP. Spearman's rho was selected for assessing the statistical relation of CI and PF to runoff formation in the Amu Darya and Syr Darya catchments per hydrological year. Validation in 12 reference sites using multi-annual Landsat-7 ETM+ images revealed an average overall accuracy of 0.85 for the iCE maps. MODIS maps overestimated that based on Landsat by an average factor of ~1.15 (MODIS iCE/Landsat iCE). Exceptional overestimations occurred in case of inaccurate settlement layers. The CVP and CI maps achieved overall accuracies of 0.91 and 0.96, respectively. The Amu Darya catchment disclosed significant positive (negative) relations between upstream runoff with CI (PF) and a high pressure on the river water resources in 2000-2012. Along the Syr Darya, reduced dependencies could be observed, which is potentially linked to the high number of water constructions in that catchment. Intensified double cropping after drought years occurred in Uzbekistan. However, a 10 km × 10 km grid of Spearman's rho (CI and PF vs. upstream runoff) emphasized locations at different CI levels that are directly affected by runoff fluctuations in both river systems. The resulting maps may thus be supportive on the way to achieve long-term sustainability of crop production and to simultaneously protect the severely threatened environment in the ASB. The gained knowledge can be further used for investigating climatic impacts of irrigation in the region.}, language = {en} }