@article{SpringerHeldMengolietal.2021,
  author    = {Springer, Jan and Held, J{\"u}rgen and Mengoli, Carlo and Schlegel, Paul Gerhardt and Gamon, Florian and Tr{\"a}ger, Johannes and Kurzai, Oliver and Einsele, Hermann and Loeffler, Juergen and Eyrich, Matthias},
  title     = {Diagnostic performance of (1→3)-β-D-glucan alone and in combination with aspergillus PCR and galactomannan in serum of pediatric patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation},
  series = {Journal of Fungi},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {Journal of Fungi},
  number    = {3},
  issn      = {2309-608X},
  doi       = {10.3390/jof7030238},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-234179},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Data on biomarker-assisted diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis (IA) in pediatric patients is scarce. Therefore, we conducted a cohort study over two years including 404 serum specimens of 26 pediatric patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). Sera were tested prospectively twice weekly for Aspergillus-specific DNA, galactomannan (GM), and retrospectively for (1→3)-β-D-glucan (BDG). Three probable IA and two possible invasive fungal disease (IFD) cases were identified using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and the Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSGERC) 2019 consensus definitions. Sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of probable IA and possible IFD was 80\% (95\% confidential interval (CI): 28-99\%) and 55\% (95\% CI: 32-77\%) for BDG, 40\% (95\% CI: 5-85\%) and 100\% (95\% CI: 83-100\%) for GM, and 60\% (95\% CI: 15-95\%) and 95\% (95\% CI: 75-100\%) for Aspergillus-specific real-time PCR. However, sensitivities have to be interpreted with great caution due to the limited number of IA cases. Interestingly, the low specificity of BDG was largely caused by false-positive BDG results that clustered around the date of alloSCT. The following strategies were able to increase BDG specificity: two consecutive positive BDG tests for diagnosis (specificity 80\% (95\% CI: 56-94\%)); using an optimized cutoff value of 306 pg/mL (specificity 90\% (95\% CI: 68-99\%)) and testing BDG only after the acute posttransplant phase. In summary, BDG can help to diagnose IA in pediatric alloSCT recipients. However, due to the poor specificity either an increased cutoff value should be utilized or BDG results should be confirmed by an alternative Aspergillus assay.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GierlichLexTechnauetal.2020,
  author    = {Gierlich, Philipp and Lex, Veronika and Technau, Antje and Keupp, Anne and Morper, Lorenz and Glunz, Amelie and Sennholz, Hanno and Rachor, Johannes and Sauer, Sascha and Marcu, Ana and Grigoleit, G{\"o}tz Ulrich and W{\"o}lfl, Matthias and Schlegel, Paul G. and Eyrich, Matthias},
  title     = {Prostaglandin E\(_2\) in a TLR3‑ and 7/8‑agonist‑based DC maturation cocktail generates mature, cytokine‑producing, migratory DCs but impairs antigen cross‑presentation to CD8\(^+\) T cells},
  series = {Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy},
  volume    = {69},
  journal   = {Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy},
  issn      = {0340-7004},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00262-019-02470-1},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-232311},
  pages     = {1029-1042},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Mature dendritic cells (DCs) represent cellular adjuvants for optimal antigen presentation in cancer vaccines. Recently, a combination of prostaglandin E\(_2\) (PGE\(_2\)) with Toll-like receptor agonists (TLR-P) was proposed as a new standard to generate superior cytokine-producing DCs with high migratory capacity. Here, we compare TLR-P DCs with conventional DCs matured only with the proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-1ß (CDCs), focussing on the interaction of resulting DCs with CD8\(^+\) T-cells. TLR-P matured DCs showed elevated expression of activation markers such as CD80 and CD83 compared to CDCs, together with a significantly higher migration capacity. Secretion of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-12 was highest after 16 h in TLR-P DCs, and only TLR-P DCs secreted active IL-12p70. TLR-P DCs as well as CDCs successfully primed multifunctional CD8\(^+\) T-cells from na{\"i}ve precursors specific for the peptide antigens Melan-A, NLGN4X, and PTP with comparable priming efficacy and T-cell receptor avidity. CD8\(^+\) T-cells primed by TLR-P DCs showed significantly elevated expression of the integrin VLA-4 and a trend for higher T-cell numbers after expansion. In contrast, TLR-P DCs displayed a substantially reduced capability to cross-present CMVpp65 protein antigen to pp65-specific T cells, an effect that was dose-dependent on PGE2 during DC maturation and reproducible with several responder T-cell lines. In conclu-sion, TLR-P matured DCs might be optimal presenters of antigens not requiring processing such as short peptides. However, PGE\(_2\) seems less favorable for maturation of DCs intended to process and cross-present more complex vaccine antigens such as lysates, proteins or long peptides.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HellmannLotherWursteretal.2017,
  author    = {Hellmann, Anna-Maria and Lother, Jasmin and Wurster, Sebastian and Lutz, Manfred B. and Schmitt, Anna Lena and Morton, Charles Oliver and Eyrich, Matthias and Czakai, Kristin and Einsele, Hermann and Loeffler, Juergen},
  title     = {Human and Murine Innate Immune Cell Populations Display Common and Distinct Response Patterns during Their In Vitro Interaction with the Pathogenic Mold Aspergillus fumigatus},
  series = {Frontiers in Immunology},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Immunology},
  number    = {1716},
  doi       = {10.3389/fimmu.2017.01716},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-169926},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Aspergillus fumigatus is the main cause of invasive fungal infections occurring almost exclusively in immunocompromised patients. An improved understanding of the initial innate immune response is key to the development of better diagnostic tools and new treatment options. Mice are commonly used to study immune defense mechanisms during the infection of the mammalian host with A. fumigatus. However, little is known about functional differences between the human and murine immune response against this fungal pathogen. Thus, we performed a comparative functional analysis of human and murine dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) using standardized and reproducible working conditions, laboratory protocols, and readout assays. A. fumigatus did not provoke identical responses in murine and human immune cells but rather initiated relatively specific responses. While human DCs showed a significantly stronger upregulation of their maturation markers and major histocompatibility complex molecules and phagocytosed A. fumigatus more efficiently compared to their murine counterparts, murine PMNs and macrophages exhibited a significantly stronger release of reactive oxygen species after exposure to A. fumigatus. For all studied cell types, human and murine samples differed in their cytokine response to conidia or germ tubes of A. fumigatus. Furthermore, Dectin-1 showed inverse expression patterns on human and murine DCs after fungal stimulation. These specific differences should be carefully considered and highlight potential limitations in the transferability of murine host-pathogen interaction studies.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DietlSchwinnDietletal.2016,
  author    = {Dietl, Sebastian and Schwinn, Stefanie and Dietl, Susanne and Riedl, Simone and Deinlein, Frank and Rutkowski, Stefan and von Bueren, Andre O. and Krauss, J{\"u}rgen and Schweitzer, Tilmann and Vince, Giles H. and Picard, Daniel and Eyrich, Matthias and Rosenwald, Andreas and Ramaswamy, Vijay and Taylor, Michael D. and Remke, Marc and Monoranu, Camelia M. and Beilhack, Andreas and Schlegel, Paul G. and W{\"o}lfl, Matthias},
  title     = {MB3W1 is an orthotopic xenograft model for anaplastic medulloblastoma displaying cancer stem cell- and Group 3-properties},
  series = {BMC Cancer},
  volume    = {16},
  journal   = {BMC Cancer},
  number    = {115},
  doi       = {10.1186/s12885-016-2170-z},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-145877},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Background Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor in children and can be divided in different molecular subgroups. Patients whose tumor is classified as a Group 3 tumor have a dismal prognosis. However only very few tumor models are available for this subgroup. Methods We established a robust orthotopic xenograft model with a cell line derived from the malignant pleural effusions of a child suffering from a Group 3 medulloblastoma. Results Besides classical characteristics of this tumor subgroup, the cells display cancer stem cell characteristics including neurosphere formation, multilineage differentiation, CD133/CD15 expression, high ALDH-activity and high tumorigenicity in immunocompromised mice with xenografts exactly recapitulating the original tumor architecture. Conclusions This model using unmanipulated, human medulloblastoma cells will enable translational research, specifically focused on Group 3 medulloblastoma.},
  language  = {en}
}