@article{ContarinoSmitvandenDooletal.2016,
  author    = {Contarino, Maria Fiorella and Smit, Marenka and van den Dool, Joost and Volkmann, Jens and Tijssen, Marina A. J.},
  title     = {Unmet Needs in the Management of Cervical Dystonia},
  series = {Frontiers in Neurology},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Neurology},
  number    = {165},
  doi       = {10.3389/fneur.2016.00165},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-165225},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Cervical dystonia (CD) is a movement disorder which affects daily living of many patients. In clinical practice, several unmet treatment needs remain open. This article focuses on the four main aspects of treatment. We describe existing and emerging treatment approaches for CD, including botulinum toxin injections, surgical therapy, management of non-motor symptoms, and rehabilitation strategies. The unsolved issues regarding each of these treatments are identified and discussed, and possible future approaches and research lines are proposed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DeebGiordanoRossietal.2016,
  author    = {Deeb, Wissam and Giordano, James J. and Rossi, Peter J. and Mogilner, Alon Y. and Gunduz, Aysegul and Judy, Jack W. and Klassen, Bryan T. and Butson, Christopher R. and Van Horne, Craig and Deny, Damiaan and Dougherty, Darin D. and Rowell, David and Gerhardt, Greg A. and Smith, Gwenn S. and Ponce, Francisco A. and Walker, Harrison C. and Bronte-Stewart, Helen M. and Mayberg, Helen S. and Chizeck, Howard J. and Langevin, Jean-Philippe and Volkmann, Jens and Ostrem, Jill L. and Shute, Jonathan B. and Jimenez-Shahed, Joohi and Foote, Kelly D. and Wagle Shukla, Aparna and Rossi, Marvin A. and Oh, Michael and Pourfar, Michael and Rosenberg, Paul B. and Silburn, Peter A. and de Hemptine, Coralie and Starr, Philip A. and Denison, Timothy and Akbar, Umer and Grill, Warren M. and Okun, Michael S.},
  title     = {Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Deep Brain Stimulation Think Tank: A Review of Emerging Issues and Technologies},
  series = {Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience},
  number    = {38},
  doi       = {10.3389/fnint.2016.00038},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-168493},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {This paper provides an overview of current progress in the technological advances and the use of deep brain stimulation (DBS) to treat neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, as presented by participants of the Fourth Annual DBS Think Tank, which was convened in March 2016 in conjunction with the Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration at the University of Florida, Gainesveille FL, USA. The Think Tank discussions first focused on policy and advocacy in DBS research and clinical practice, formation of registries, and issues involving the use of DBS in the treatment of Tourette Syndrome. Next, advances in the use of neuroimaging and electrochemical markers to enhance DBS specificity were addressed. Updates on ongoing use and developments of DBS for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, Alzheimer's disease, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, obesity, addiction were presented, and progress toward innovation(s) in closed-loop applications were discussed. Each section of these proceedings provides updates and highlights of new information as presented at this year's international Think Tank, with a view toward current and near future advancement of the field.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SteigerwaldMuellerJohannesetal.2016,
  author    = {Steigerwald, Frank and M{\"u}ller, Lorenz and Johannes, Silvia and Matthies, Cordula and Volkmann, Jens},
  title     = {Directional deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus: a pilot study using a novel neurostimulation device},
  series = {Movement Disorders},
  volume    = {31},
  journal   = {Movement Disorders},
  number    = {8},
  doi       = {10.1002/mds.26669},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-187683},
  pages     = {1240-1243},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Introduction A novel neurostimulation system allows steering current in horizontal directions by combining segmented leads and multiple independent current control. The aim of this study was to evaluate directional DBS effects on parkinsonian motor features and adverse effects of subthalamic neurostimulation. Methods Seven PD patients implanted with the novel directional DBS system for bilateral subthalamic DBS underwent an extended monopolar review session during the first postoperative week, in which current thresholds were determined for rigidity control and stimulation-induced adverse effects using either directional or ring-mode settings. Results Effect or adverse effect thresholds were modified by directional settings for each of the 14 STN leads. Magnitude of change varied markedly between leads, as did orientation of optimal horizontal current steering. Conclusion Directional current steering through chronically implanted segmented electrodes is feasible, alters adverse effect and efficacy thresholds in a highly individual manner, and expands the therapeutic window in a monopolar review as compared to ring-mode DBS.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MaaroufNeudorferElMajdoubetal.2016,
  author    = {Maarouf, Mohammad and Neudorfer, Clemens and El Majdoub, Faycal and Lenartz, Doris and Kuhn, Jens and Sturm, Volker},
  title     = {Deep Brain Stimulation of Medial Dorsal and Ventral Anterior Nucleus of the Thalamus in OCD: A Retrospective Case Series},
  series = {PLoS ONE},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {PLoS ONE},
  number    = {8},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0160750},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-166830},
  pages     = {e0160750},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Background The current notion that cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuits are involved in the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has instigated the search for the most suitable target for deep brain stimulation (DBS). However, despite extensive research, uncertainty about the ideal target remains with many structures being underexplored. The aim of this report is to address a new target for DBS, the medial dorsal (MD) and the ventral anterior (VA) nucleus of the thalamus, which has thus far received little attention in the treatment of OCD. Methods In this retrospective trial, four patients (three female, one male) aged 31-48 years, suffering from therapy-refractory OCD underwent high-frequency DBS of the MD and VA. In two patients (de novo group) the thalamus was chosen as a primary target for DBS, whereas in two patients (rescue DBS group) lead implantation was performed in a rescue DBS attempt following unsuccessful primary stimulation. Results Continuous thalamic stimulation yielded no significant improvement in OCD symptom severity. Over the course of thalamic DBS symptoms improved in only one patient who showed "partial response" on the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive (Y-BOCS) Scale. Beck Depression Inventory scores dropped by around 46\% in the de novo group; anxiety symptoms improved by up to 34\%. In the de novo DBS group no effect of DBS on anxiety and mood was observable. Conclusion MD/VA-DBS yielded no adequate alleviation of therapy-refractory OCD, the overall strategy in targeting MD/VA as described in this paper can thus not be recommended in DBS for OCD. The magnocellular portion of MD (MDMC), however, might prove a promising target in the treatment of mood related and anxiety disorders.},
  language  = {en}
}