@article{SeitzerKlapperMazigoetal.2021,
  author    = {Seitzer, Moritz and Klapper, Sylvia and Mazigo, Humphrey D. and Holzgrabe, Ulrike and Mueller, Andreas},
  title     = {Quality and composition of Albendazole, Mebendazole and Praziquantel available in Burkina Faso, C{\^o}te d'Ivoire, Ghana and Tanzania},
  series = {PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases},
  volume    = {15},
  journal   = {PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases},
  number    = {1},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pntd.0009038},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-270434},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Background Even though the international combat against Neglected Tropical Diseases such as schistosomiasis or soil-transmitted helminthiases depends on reliable therapeutics, anthelminthic pharmacovigilance has been neglected on many national African drug markets. Therefore, quality and composition of Albendazole, Mebendazole and Praziquantel locally collected in Burkina Faso, C{\^o}te d'Ivoire, Ghana and Tanzania were analysed. Methods Samples of 88 different batches were obtained from randomly selected facilities. Sampling took place in Northwest Tanzania, Western Burkina Faso, Southeast C{\^o}te d'Ivoire and Southwest Ghana. Visual examination of both packaging and samples was performed according to the WHO 'Be Aware' tool. Products were then screened with the GPHF Minilab, consisting of tests of mass uniformity, disintegration times and thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Confirmatory tests were performed according to international pharmacopoeiae, applying assays for dissolution profiles and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Findings Despite minor irregularities, appearance of the products did not hint at falsified medicines. However, 19.6\% of the brands collected in Ghana and Tanzania were not officially licensed for sale. Mass uniformity was confirmed in 53 out of 58 brands of tablets. 41 out of 56 products passed disintegration times; 10 out of the 15 failing products did not disintegrate at all. Evaluating TLC results, only 4 out of 83 batches narrowly missed specification limits, 18 batches slightly exceeded them. Not more than 46.3\% (31 / 67) of the tablets assayed passed the respective pharmaceutical criteria for dissolution. HPLC findings confirmed TLC results despite shifted specification limits: 10 out of 83 tested batches contained less than 90\%, none exceeded 110\%. Conclusion In the four study countries, no falsified anthelminthic medicine was encountered. The active pharmaceutical ingredient was not found to either exceed or fall below specification limits. Galenic characteristics however, especially dissolution profiles, revealed great deficits.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LaswayKinaboMremietal.2021,
  author    = {Lasway, Julius V. and Kinabo, Neema R. and Mremi, Rudolf F. and Martin, Emanuel H. and Nyakunga, Oliver C. and Sanya, John J. and Rwegasira, Gration M. and Lesio, Nicephor and Gideon, Hulda and Pauly, Alain and Eardley, Connal and Peters, Marcell K. and Peterson, Andrew T. and Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf and Njovu, Henry K.},
  title     = {A synopsis of the Bee occurrence data of northern Tanzania},
  series = {Biodiversity Data Journal},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Biodiversity Data Journal},
  doi       = {10.3897/BDJ.9.e68190},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-265018},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Background Bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) are the most important group of pollinators with about 20,507 known species worldwide. Despite the critical role of bees in providing pollination services, studies aiming at understanding which species are present across disturbance gradients are scarce. Limited taxononomic information for the existing and unidentified bee species in Tanzania make their conservation haphazard. Here, we present a dataset of bee species records obtained from a survey in nothern Tanzania i.e. Kilimanjaro, Arusha and Manyara regions. Our findings serve as baseline data necessary for understanding the diversity and distribution of bees in the northern parts of the country, which is a critical step in devising robust conservation and monitoring strategies for their populations. New information In this paper, we present information on 45 bee species belonging to 20 genera and four families sampled using a combination of sweep-netting and pan trap methods. Most species (27, ~ 60\%) belong to the family Halictidae followed by 16 species (35.5\%) from the family Apidae. Megachilidae and Andrenidae were the least represented, each with only one species (2.2\%). Additional species of Apidae and Megachilidae sampled during this survey are not yet published on Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), once they will be available on GBIF, they will be published in a subsequent paper. From a total of 953 occurrences, highest numbers were recorded in Kilimanjaro Region (n = 511), followed by Arusha (n = 410) and Manyara (n = 32), but this pattern reflects the sampling efforts of the research project rather than real bias in the distributions of bee species in northern Tanzania.},
  language  = {en}
}